--- title: 1 Chronicles 2:3 — The sons of Judah: Er, and Onan, and Shelah; which three were born u… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: The sons of Judah: Er, and Onan, and Shelah; which three were born unto him of Bath-shua the Canaanitess. And Er, Judah's first-born, was wicked in the sight of the LORD; and He slew him. Who acts: Er, Judah. 1 Chronicles 2:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every c --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.2.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/2/) / 2:3 # 1 Chronicles 2:3 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים א **Who acts:** Er, Judah · **What happens:** bear, be, slay, sight · **To what, where:** three, sight, LORD This is 1 Chronicles 2:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Er, Judah — and what happens in the verse to three, sight, LORD, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 29 chapters of 1 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בְּנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֗ה עֵ֤ר וְאוֹנָן֙ וְשֵׁלָ֔ה שְׁלוֹשָׁה֙ נ֣וֹלַד ל֔וֹ מִבַּת־שׁ֖וּעַבַּת־שׁ֖וּעַ הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֑ית וַיְהִ֞י עֵ֣ר ׀ בְּכ֣וֹר יְהוּדָ֗ה רַ֛ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה וַיְמִיתֵֽהוּ׃ס [The sons of Judah: Er, and Onan, and Shelah; which three were born unto him of Bath-shua the Canaanitess.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.67/) [And Er, Judah's first-born, was wicked in the sight of the LORD; and He slew him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.68/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1CH:56 # text = בְּנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֗ה עֵ֤ר וְאוֹנָן֙ וְשֵׁלָ֔ה שְׁלוֹשָׁה֙ נ֣וֹלַד ל֔וֹ מִבַּת־שׁ֖וּעַבַּת־שׁ֖וּעַ הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֑ית וַיְהִ֞י עֵ֣ר ׀ בְּכ֣וֹר יְהוּדָ֗ה רַ֛ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה וַיְמִיתֵֽהוּ׃ס # verse = 1CH.2.3 1 בְּנֵ֣י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ Gloss=the.sons|Ref=1CH_2:3!1|MId=o130020030011|Strong=1121 2 יְהוּדָ֗ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 1 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Judah|Ref=1CH_2:3!2|MId=o130020030021|Strong=3063 3 עֵ֤ר עֵר PROPN _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=[were].Er|Ref=1CH_2:3!3|MId=o130020030031|Strong=6147 4-5 וְאוֹנָן֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_2:3!4|MId=o130020030041|Strong=2050b 5 אוֹנָן֙ אוֹנָן PROPN _ _ 3 conj _ Gloss=Onan|Ref=1CH_2:3!4|MId=o130020030042|Strong=0209 6-7 וְשֵׁלָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_2:3!5|MId=o130020030051|Strong=2050b 7 שֵׁלָ֔ה שֵׁלָה PROPN _ _ 3 conj _ Gloss=Shelah|Ref=1CH_2:3!5|MId=o130020030052|Strong=7956 8 שְׁלוֹשָׁה֙ שָׁלֹשׁ NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=three.[sons]|Ref=1CH_2:3!6|MId=o130020030061|Strong=7969|Type=cardinal_number 9 נ֣וֹלַד יָלַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 parataxis _ Gloss=it.was.born|Ref=1CH_2:3!7|MId=o130020030071|Strong=3205|Frame=A1:130020030061;|Type=qatal 10-11 ל֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 ל לְ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1CH_2:3!8|MId=o130020030081|Strong=3807a 11 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=1CH_2:3!8|MId=o130020030082|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 12-14 מִבַּת־שׁ֖וּעַבַּת־שׁ֖וּעַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1CH_2:3!9|MId=o130020030091|Strong=4480 13 בַּת־שׁ֖וּעַ בַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=1CH_2:3!9|MId=o130020030092 14 בַּת־שׁ֖וּעַ שׁוּעַ PROPN _ _ 13 appos _ Gloss=Bathshua|Ref=1CH_2:3!10|MId=o130020030101 15-16 הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֑ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הַֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=the.Canaanite|Ref=1CH_2:3!11|MId=o130020030111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 כְּנַעֲנִ֑ית כְּנַעֲנִי NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 appos _ Gloss=[woman]|Ref=1CH_2:3!11|MId=o130020030112|Strong=3669|Type=gentilic 17-18 וַיְהִ֞י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_2:3!12|MId=o130020030121|Strong=2050b 18 יְהִ֞י הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 23 cop _ Gloss=he.was|Ref=1CH_2:3!12|MId=o130020030122|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:130020030121;|Type=wayyiqtol 19 עֵ֣ר עֵר PROPN _ _ 23 nsubj _ Gloss=Er|Ref=1CH_2:3!13|MId=o130020030131|Strong=6147 20 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=1CH_2:3!13 21 בְּכ֣וֹר בְּכֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 appos _ Gloss=the.firstborn|Ref=1CH_2:3!14|MId=o130020030141|Strong=1060 22 יְהוּדָ֗ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Judah|Ref=1CH_2:3!15|MId=o130020030151|Strong=3063 23 רַ֛ע רַע ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 conj _ Gloss=evil|Ref=1CH_2:3!16|MId=o130020030161|Strong=7451|Type=adjective 24-25 בְּעֵינֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1CH_2:3!17|MId=o130020030171|Strong=0871a 25 עֵינֵ֥י עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 23 obl _ Gloss=the.eyes|Ref=1CH_2:3!17|MId=o130020030172|Strong=5869 26 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=1CH_2:3!18|MId=o130020030181|Strong=3068 27-29 וַיְמִיתֵֽהוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_2:3!19|MId=o130020030191|Strong=2050b 28 יְמִית מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=1CH_2:3!19|MId=o130020030192|Strong=4191|Frame=AA:130020030171;A0:130020030183;|Type=wayyiqtol 29 ֵֽהוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 obj _ Gloss=put.him.to.death|Ref=1CH_2:3!19|MId=o130020030193|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=1CH_2:3!19|SpaceAfter=No 31 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=1CH_2:3!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נוֹלַד *it was born* | qatal · niphal | | שְׁלוֹשָׁה *three \[sons\]* | | | | יְהִי *he was* | wayyiqtol · qal | וַ *and* | | | | | יְמִית *he* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | | | | בְּ *in* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [The sons of Judah: Er, and Onan, and Shelah; which three were born unto him of Bath-shua the Canaanitess.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.67/) 2. [And Er, Judah's first-born, was wicked in the sight of the LORD; and He slew him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.68/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1CH:56`. - ← previous: [1 Chronicles 2:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.2.2/) - next →: [1 Chronicles 2:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.2.4/) - ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/2/)