--- title: 1 Chronicles 21:15 — And God sent an angel unto Jerusalem to destroy it; and as he was ab… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And God sent an angel unto Jerusalem to destroy it; and as he was about to destroy, the LORD beheld, and He repented Him of the evil, and said to the destroying angel: 'It is enough; now stay thy hand.' And the angel of the LORD was standing by the threshing-floor of Ornan the Jebusite. Who acts: Go --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.21.15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/21/) / 21:15 # 1 Chronicles 21:15 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים א **Who acts:** God, LORD, angel · **What happens:** send, destroy, be, behold, repent, say · **To what, where:** angel, God, hand · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Chronicles 21:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — God, LORD, angel — and what happens in the verse to angel, God, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 29 chapters of 1 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּשְׁלַח֩ הָאֱלֹהִ֨ים ׀ מַלְאָ֥ךְ ׀ לִֽירוּשָׁלִַם֮ לְהַשְׁחִיתָהּ֒ וּכְהַשְׁחִ֗ית רָאָ֤ה יְהוָה֙ וַיִּנָּ֣חֶם עַל־הָֽרָעָ֔ה וַיֹּ֨אמֶר לַמַּלְאָ֤ךְ הַמַּשְׁחִית֙ רַ֔ב עַתָּ֖ה הֶ֣רֶף יָדֶ֑ךָ וּמַלְאַ֤ךְ יְהוָה֙ עֹמֵ֔ד עִם־גֹּ֖רֶן אָרְנָ֥ן הַיְבוּסִֽי׃ס [And God sent an angel unto Jerusalem to destroy it; and as he was about to destroy, the LORD beheld, and He repented Him of the evil, and said to the destroying angel: 'It is enough; now stay thy hand.' And the angel of the LORD was standing by the threshing-floor of Ornan the Jebusite.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.767/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1CH:697 # text = וַיִּשְׁלַח֩ הָאֱלֹהִ֨ים ׀ מַלְאָ֥ךְ ׀ לִֽירוּשָׁלִַם֮ לְהַשְׁחִיתָהּ֒ וּכְהַשְׁחִ֗ית רָאָ֤ה יְהוָה֙ וַיִּנָּ֣חֶם עַל־הָֽרָעָ֔ה וַיֹּ֨אמֶר לַמַּלְאָ֤ךְ הַמַּשְׁחִית֙ רַ֔ב עַתָּ֖ה הֶ֣רֶף יָדֶ֑ךָ וּמַלְאַ֤ךְ יְהוָה֙ עֹמֵ֔ד עִם־גֹּ֖רֶן אָרְנָ֥ן הַיְבוּסִֽי׃ס # verse = 1CH.21.15 1-2 וַיִּשְׁלַח֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_21:15!1|MId=o130210150011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּשְׁלַח֩ שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.sent|Ref=1CH_21:15!1|MId=o130210150012|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:130210150022;A1:130210150031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הָאֱלֹהִ֨ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1CH_21:15!2|MId=o130210150021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 אֱלֹהִ֨ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=God|Ref=1CH_21:15!2|MId=o130210150022|Strong=0430 5 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 4 punct _ Ref=1CH_21:15!2 6 מַלְאָ֥ךְ מַלְאָךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=an.angel|Ref=1CH_21:15!3|MId=o130210150031|Strong=4397 7 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 6 punct _ Ref=1CH_21:15!3 8-9 לִֽירוּשָׁלִַם֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 לִֽ לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1CH_21:15!4|MId=o130210150041|Strong=3807a 9 ירוּשָׁלִַם֮ יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Jerusalem|Ref=1CH_21:15!4|MId=o130210150042|Strong=3389 10-12 לְהַשְׁחִיתָהּ֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1CH_21:15!5|MId=o130210150051|Strong=3807a 11 הַשְׁחִית שָׁחַת VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 2 advcl _ Gloss=destroy|Ref=1CH_21:15!5|MId=o130210150052|Strong=7843|Frame=AA:130210150031;A0:130210150053;|Type=infinitive_construct 12 ָהּ֒ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obj _ Gloss=it|Ref=1CH_21:15!5|MId=o130210150053|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 13-15 וּכְהַשְׁחִ֗ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_21:15!6|MId=o130210150061|Strong=2050b 14 כְ כְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=just|Ref=1CH_21:15!6|MId=o130210150062|Strong=3509a 15 הַשְׁחִ֗ית שָׁחַת VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 16 advcl _ Gloss=as.was.destroying.[it]|Ref=1CH_21:15!6|MId=o130210150063|Strong=7843|Frame=AA:130210150031;A0:130210150042;|Type=infinitive_construct 16 רָאָ֤ה רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.saw|Ref=1CH_21:15!7|MId=o130210150071|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:130210150081;|Type=qatal 17 יְהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 16 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1CH_21:15!8|MId=o130210150081|Strong=3068 18-19 וַיִּנָּ֣חֶם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_21:15!9|MId=o130210150091|Strong=2050b 19 יִּנָּ֣חֶם נָחַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.relented|Ref=1CH_21:15!9|MId=o130210150092|Strong=5162|Frame=A0:130210150081;|Type=wayyiqtol 20 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1CH_21:15!10|MId=o130210150101|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 21-22 הָֽרָעָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1CH_21:15!11|MId=o130210150111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 רָעָ֔ה רָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 19 obl _ Gloss=harm|Ref=1CH_21:15!11|MId=o130210150112|Strong=7451b 23-24 וַיֹּ֨אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_21:15!12|MId=o130210150121|Strong=2050b 24 יֹּ֨אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1CH_21:15!12|MId=o130210150122|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:130210150081;|Type=wayyiqtol 25-27 לַמַּלְאָ֤ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1CH_21:15!13|MId=o130210150131|Strong=3807a 26 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1CH_21:15!13|MId=o130210150131ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 מַּלְאָ֤ךְ מַלְאָךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 obl _ Gloss=angel|Ref=1CH_21:15!13|MId=o130210150132|Strong=4397 28-29 הַמַּשְׁחִית֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 29 mark _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1CH_21:15!14|MId=o130210150141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 מַּשְׁחִית֙ שָׁחַת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing 27 acl:relcl _ Gloss=destroying|Ref=1CH_21:15!14|MId=o130210150142|Strong=7843|Frame=A0:130210150133;|Type=participle_active 30 רַ֔ב רַב ADV _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 ccomp _ Gloss=enough|Ref=1CH_21:15!15|MId=o130210150151|Strong=7227|Type=adjective 31 עַתָּ֖ה עַתָּה ADV _ _ 32 advmod _ Gloss=now|Ref=1CH_21:15!16|MId=o130210150161|Strong=6258 32 הֶ֣רֶף רָפָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 30 parataxis _ Gloss=let.drop|Ref=1CH_21:15!17|MId=o130210150171|Strong=7503|Frame=AA:130210150133;A0:130210150181;|Type=imperative 33-34 יָדֶ֑ךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 32 obj _ Gloss=hand|Ref=1CH_21:15!18|MId=o130210150181|Strong=3027 34 ֶ֑ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1CH_21:15!18|MId=o130210150182|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 35-36 וּמַלְאַ֤ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 38 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_21:15!19|MId=o130210150191|Strong=2050b 36 מַלְאַ֤ךְ מַלְאָךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 38 nsubj _ Gloss=the.angel|Ref=1CH_21:15!19|MId=o130210150192|Strong=4397 37 יְהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 36 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=1CH_21:15!20|MId=o130210150201|Strong=3068 38 עֹמֵ֔ד עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 30 conj _ Gloss=[was].standing|Ref=1CH_21:15!21|MId=o130210150211|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:130210150192;|Type=participle_active 39 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 40 case _ Gloss=near|Ref=1CH_21:15!22|MId=o130210150221|Strong=5973|SpaceAfter=No 40 גֹּ֖רֶן גֹּרֶן NOUN _ Number=Sing 38 obl _ Gloss=the.threshing.floor|Ref=1CH_21:15!23|MId=o130210150231|Strong=1637 41 אָרְנָ֥ן אׇרְנָן PROPN _ _ 40 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ornan|Ref=1CH_21:15!24|MId=o130210150241|Strong=0771 42-43 הַיְבוּסִֽי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 43 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1CH_21:15!25|MId=o130210150251|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 43 יְבוּסִֽי יְבוּסִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 41 appos _ Gloss=Jebusite|Ref=1CH_21:15!25|MId=o130210150252|Strong=2983|Type=gentilic 44 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 43 punct _ Ref=1CH_21:15!25|SpaceAfter=No 45 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 43 punct _ Ref=1CH_21:15!25 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּשְׁלַח *he sent* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֱלֹהִים *God* | מַלְאָךְ *an angel* | | | | הַשְׁחִית *destroy* | infinitive construct · hiphil | ָהּ *it* | | | מַלְאָךְ *an angel* | | הַשְׁחִית *as was destroying \[it\]* | infinitive construct · hiphil | ירוּשָׁלִַם *Jerusalem* | | | מַלְאָךְ *an angel* | | רָאָה *he saw* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | יִּנָּחֶם *he relented* | wayyiqtol · niphal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | מַּשְׁחִית *destroying* | participle active · hiphil | | | | | | הֶרֶף *let drop* | imperative · hiphil | יָד *hand* | | | | | עֹמֵד *\[was\] standing* | participle active · qal | מַלְאַךְ *the angel* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And God sent an angel unto Jerusalem to destroy it; and as he was about to destroy, the LORD beheld, and He repented Him of the evil, and said to the destroying angel: 'It is enough; now stay thy hand.' And the angel of the LORD was standing by the threshing-floor of Ornan the Jebusite.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.767/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1CH:697`. - ← previous: [1 Chronicles 21:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.21.14/) - next →: [1 Chronicles 21:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.21.16/) - ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/21/)