--- title: 1 Chronicles 21:3 — And Joab said: 'The LORD make His people a hundred times so many mor… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Joab said: 'The LORD make His people a hundred times so many more as they are; but, my lord the king, are they not all my lord's servants? why doth my lord require this thing? why will he be a cause of guilt unto Israel?' Who acts: Joab, LORD. 1 Chronicles 21:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.21.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/21/) / 21:3 # 1 Chronicles 21:3 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים א **Who acts:** Joab, LORD · **What happens:** say, make, not be, require, be · **To what, where:** more, people, servants, thing, cause · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Chronicles 21:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joab, LORD — and what happens in the verse to more, people, servants, thing, cause, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 29 chapters of 1 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יוֹאָ֗ב יוֹסֵף֩ יְהוָ֨ה עַל־עַמּ֤וֹ ׀ כָּהֵם֙ מֵאָ֣ה פְעָמִ֔ים הֲלֹא֙ אֲדֹנִ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ כֻּלָּ֥ם לַאדֹנִ֖י לַעֲבָדִ֑ים לָ֣מָּה יְבַקֵּ֥שׁ זֹאת֙ אֲדֹנִ֔י לָ֛מָּה יִהְיֶ֥ה לְאַשְׁמָ֖ה לְיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ [And Joab said: 'The LORD make His people a hundred times so many more as they are; but, my lord the king, are they not all my lord's servants? why doth my lord require this thing? why will he be a cause of guilt unto Israel?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.752/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1CH:685 # text = וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יוֹאָ֗ב יוֹסֵף֩ יְהוָ֨ה עַל־עַמּ֤וֹ ׀ כָּהֵם֙ מֵאָ֣ה פְעָמִ֔ים הֲלֹא֙ אֲדֹנִ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ כֻּלָּ֥ם לַאדֹנִ֖י לַעֲבָדִ֑ים לָ֣מָּה יְבַקֵּ֥שׁ זֹאת֙ אֲדֹנִ֔י לָ֛מָּה יִהְיֶ֥ה לְאַשְׁמָ֖ה לְיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ # verse = 1CH.21.3 1-2 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_21:3!1|MId=o130210030011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1CH_21:3!1|MId=o130210030012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:130210030021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יוֹאָ֗ב יוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Joab|Ref=1CH_21:3!2|MId=o130210030021|Strong=3097 4 יוֹסֵף֩ יָסַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 ccomp _ Gloss=may.he.add|Ref=1CH_21:3!3|MId=o130210030031|Strong=3254|Frame=A0:130210030041;|Type=jussive 5 יְהוָ֨ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 4 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1CH_21:3!4|MId=o130210030041|Strong=3068 6 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1CH_21:3!5|MId=o130210030051|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 7-8 עַמּ֤וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=people|Ref=1CH_21:3!6|MId=o130210030061|Strong=5971 8 ֤וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1CH_21:3!6|MId=o130210030062|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 9 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 8 punct _ Ref=1CH_21:3!6 10-11 כָּהֵם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 כּ כְּ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=1CH_21:3!7|MId=o130210030071|Strong=3509a 11 ָהֵם֙ הֵמָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=1CH_21:3!7|MId=o130210030072|Strong=3963a|Type=personal 12 מֵאָ֣ה מֵאָה NUM _ Number=Sing 13 nummod _ Gloss=a.hundred|Ref=1CH_21:3!8|MId=o130210030081|Strong=3967|Type=cardinal_number 13 פְעָמִ֔ים פַּעַם NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 4 obl _ Gloss=times|Ref=1CH_21:3!9|MId=o130210030091|Strong=6471 14-15 הֲלֹא֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 23 advmod _ Gloss=?|Ref=1CH_21:3!10|MId=o130210030101|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 15 לֹא֙ לֹא ADV _ _ 23 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1CH_21:3!10|MId=o130210030102|Strong=3808|Type=negative 16-17 אֲדֹנִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 אֲדֹנ אָדוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 parataxis _ Gloss=my.lord|Ref=1CH_21:3!11|MId=o130210030111|Strong=0113 17 ִ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1CH_21:3!11|MId=o130210030112|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 18-19 הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1CH_21:3!12|MId=o130210030121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 מֶּ֔לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 appos _ Gloss=king|Ref=1CH_21:3!12|MId=o130210030122|Strong=4428 20-21 כֻּלָּ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 כֻּלּ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ Gloss=of.them|Ref=1CH_21:3!13|MId=o130210030131|Strong=3605 21 ָ֥ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[do].all|Ref=1CH_21:3!13|MId=o130210030132|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 22-24 לַאדֹנִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=[belong].to|Ref=1CH_21:3!14|MId=o130210030141|Strong=3807a 23 אדֹנ אָדוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 parataxis _ Gloss=lord|Ref=1CH_21:3!14|MId=o130210030142|Strong=0113 24 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1CH_21:3!14|MId=o130210030143|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 25-26 לַעֲבָדִ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1CH_21:3!15|MId=o130210030151|Strong=3807a 26 עֲבָדִ֑ים עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 23 obl _ Gloss=subjects|Ref=1CH_21:3!15|MId=o130210030152|Strong=5650 27-28 לָ֣מָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 לָ֣ לָמָה ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=|Ref=1CH_21:3!16|MId=o130210030161|Strong=3807a 28 מָּה מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 29 obl _ Gloss=why?|Ref=1CH_21:3!16|MId=o130210030162|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 29 יְבַקֵּ֥שׁ בָּקַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 parataxis _ Gloss=does.he.seek|Ref=1CH_21:3!17|MId=o130210030171|Strong=1245|Frame=A1:130210030181;A0:130210030191;|Type=yiqtol 30 זֹאת֙ זֹאת PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 29 obj _ Gloss=this|Ref=1CH_21:3!18|MId=o130210030181|Strong=2063|Type=demonstrative 31-32 אֲדֹנִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 אֲדֹנ אָדוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ Gloss=lord|Ref=1CH_21:3!19|MId=o130210030191|Strong=0113 32 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 31 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1CH_21:3!19|MId=o130210030192|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 33-34 לָ֛מָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 לָ֛ לָמָה ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=|Ref=1CH_21:3!20|MId=o130210030201|Strong=3807a 34 מָּה מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 37 obl _ Gloss=why?|Ref=1CH_21:3!20|MId=o130210030202|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 35 יִהְיֶ֥ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 37 cop _ Gloss=will.it.become|Ref=1CH_21:3!21|MId=o130210030211|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:130210030191;|Type=yiqtol 36-37 לְאַשְׁמָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=(into)|Ref=1CH_21:3!22|MId=o130210030221|Strong=3807a 37 אַשְׁמָ֖ה אַשְׁמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 parataxis _ Gloss=guilt|Ref=1CH_21:3!22|MId=o130210030222|Strong=0819 38-39 לְיִשְׂרָאֵֽל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 39 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=1CH_21:3!23|MId=o130210030231|Strong=3807a 39 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 37 obl _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=1CH_21:3!23|MId=o130210030232|Strong=3478 40 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 39 punct _ Ref=1CH_21:3!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | יוֹאָב *Joab* | | | | | יוֹסֵף *may he add* | jussive · hiphil | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | יְבַקֵּשׁ *does he seek* | yiqtol · piel | אֲדֹנ *lord* | זֹאת *this* | | | | יִהְיֶה *will it become* | yiqtol · qal | אֲדֹנ *lord* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Joab said: 'The LORD make His people a hundred times so many more as they are; but, my lord the king, are they not all my lord's servants? why doth my lord require this thing? why will he be a cause of guilt unto Israel?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.752/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1CH:685`. - ← previous: [1 Chronicles 21:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.21.2/) - next →: [1 Chronicles 21:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.21.4/) - ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/21/)