--- title: 1 Chronicles 24:31 — These likewise cast lots even as their brethren the sons of Aaron in… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: These likewise cast lots even as their brethren the sons of Aaron in the presence of David the king, and Zadok, and Ahimelech, and the heads of the fathers' houses of the priests and of the Levites; the fathers' houses of the chief even as those of his younger brother. Who acts: These. 1 Chronicles --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.24.31/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/24/) / 24:31 # 1 Chronicles 24:31 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים א **Who acts:** These · **What happens:** cast · **To what, where:** lots, presence This is 1 Chronicles 24:31 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — These — and what happens in the verse to lots, presence, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 29 chapters of 1 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּפִּילוּ֩ גַם־הֵ֨ם גּוֹרָל֜וֹת לְעֻמַּ֣ת ׀ אֲחֵיהֶ֣ם בְּנֵֽי־אַהֲרֹ֗ן לִפְנֵ֨י דָוִ֤יד הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ וְצָד֣וֹק וַאֲחִימֶ֔לֶךְ וְרָאשֵׁי֙ הָֽאָב֔וֹת לַכֹּהֲנִ֖ים וְלַלְוִיִּ֑ם אָב֣וֹת הָרֹ֔אשׁ לְעֻמַּ֖ת אָחִ֥יו הַקָּטָֽן׃ס [These likewise cast lots even as their brethren the sons of Aaron in the presence of David the king, and Zadok, and Ahimelech, and the heads of the fathers' houses of the priests and of the Levites; the fathers' houses of the chief even as those of his younger brother.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.873/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1CH:794 # text = וַיַּפִּילוּ֩ גַם־הֵ֨ם גּוֹרָל֜וֹת לְעֻמַּ֣ת ׀ אֲחֵיהֶ֣ם בְּנֵֽי־אַהֲרֹ֗ן לִפְנֵ֨י דָוִ֤יד הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ וְצָד֣וֹק וַאֲחִימֶ֔לֶךְ וְרָאשֵׁי֙ הָֽאָב֔וֹת לַכֹּהֲנִ֖ים וְלַלְוִיִּ֑ם אָב֣וֹת הָרֹ֔אשׁ לְעֻמַּ֖ת אָחִ֥יו הַקָּטָֽן׃ס # verse = 1CH.24.31 1-2 וַיַּפִּילוּ֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_24:31!1|MId=o130240310011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּפִּילוּ֩ נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.cast|Ref=1CH_24:31!1|MId=o130240310012|Strong=5307|Frame=AA:130240310031;A0:130240310041;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 גַם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 4 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=1CH_24:31!2|MId=o130240310021|Strong=1571|SpaceAfter=No 4 הֵ֨ם הֵם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ Gloss=they|Ref=1CH_24:31!3|MId=o130240310031|Strong=1992|Type=personal 5 גּוֹרָל֜וֹת גּוֹרָל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obj _ Gloss=lots|Ref=1CH_24:31!4|MId=o130240310041|Strong=1486 6-7 לְעֻמַּ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=corresponding|Ref=1CH_24:31!5|MId=o130240310051|Strong=3807a 7 עֻמַּ֣ת עֻמָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=to|Ref=1CH_24:31!5|MId=o130240310052|Strong=5980 8 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 7 punct _ Ref=1CH_24:31!5 9-10 אֲחֵיהֶ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 אֲחֵי אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=relatives|Ref=1CH_24:31!6|MId=o130240310061|Strong=0251 10 הֶ֣ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=1CH_24:31!6|MId=o130240310062|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 11 בְּנֵֽי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 appos _ Gloss=the.descendants|Ref=1CH_24:31!7|MId=o130240310071|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 12 אַהֲרֹ֗ן אַהֲרֹן PROPN _ _ 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Aaron|Ref=1CH_24:31!8|MId=o130240310081|Strong=0175 13-14 לִפְנֵ֨י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=1CH_24:31!9|MId=o130240310091|Strong=3807a 14 פְנֵ֨י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 2 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=1CH_24:31!9|MId=o130240310092|Strong=6440 15 דָוִ֤יד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=David|Ref=1CH_24:31!10|MId=o130240310101|Strong=1732 16-17 הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1CH_24:31!11|MId=o130240310111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 appos _ Gloss=king|Ref=1CH_24:31!11|MId=o130240310112|Strong=4428 18-19 וְצָד֣וֹק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_24:31!12|MId=o130240310121|Strong=2050b 19 צָד֣וֹק צָדוֹק PROPN _ _ 15 conj _ Gloss=Zadok|Ref=1CH_24:31!12|MId=o130240310122|Strong=6659 20-21 וַאֲחִימֶ֔לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_24:31!13|MId=o130240310131|Strong=2050b 21 אֲחִימֶ֔לֶךְ אֲחִימֶלֶךְ PROPN _ _ 15 conj _ Gloss=Ahimelech|Ref=1CH_24:31!13|MId=o130240310132|Strong=0288 22-23 וְרָאשֵׁי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_24:31!14|MId=o130240310141|Strong=2050b 23 רָאשֵׁי֙ רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 conj _ Gloss=the.heads|Ref=1CH_24:31!14|MId=o130240310142|Strong=7218 24-25 הָֽאָב֔וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1CH_24:31!15|MId=o130240310151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 אָב֔וֹת אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.fathers|Ref=1CH_24:31!15|MId=o130240310152|Strong=0001 26-28 לַכֹּהֲנִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=1CH_24:31!16|MId=o130240310161|Strong=3807a 27 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1CH_24:31!16|MId=o130240310161ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 כֹּהֲנִ֖ים כֹּהֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 23 nmod _ Gloss=priests|Ref=1CH_24:31!16|MId=o130240310162|Strong=3548 29-32 וְלַלְוִיִּ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_24:31!17|MId=o130240310171|Strong=2050b 30 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=1CH_24:31!17|MId=o130240310172|Strong=3807a 31 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 32 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1CH_24:31!17|MId=o130240310172ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 32 לְוִיִּ֑ם לֵוִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 28 conj _ Gloss=Levites|Ref=1CH_24:31!17|MId=o130240310173|Strong=3881|Type=gentilic 33 אָב֣וֹת אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 37 nsubj _ Gloss=fathers|Ref=1CH_24:31!18|MId=o130240310181|Strong=0001 34-35 הָרֹ֔אשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 35 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1CH_24:31!19|MId=o130240310191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 35 רֹ֔אשׁ רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 33 appos _ Gloss=chief|Ref=1CH_24:31!19|MId=o130240310192|Strong=7218 36-37 לְעֻמַּ֖ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=[was].corresponding|Ref=1CH_24:31!20|MId=o130240310201|Strong=3807a 37 עֻמַּ֖ת עֻמָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=to|Ref=1CH_24:31!20|MId=o130240310202|Strong=5980 38-39 אָחִ֥יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 אָחִ֥י אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 37 compound:smixut _ Gloss=brother|Ref=1CH_24:31!21|MId=o130240310211|Strong=0251 39 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1CH_24:31!21|MId=o130240310212|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 40-41 הַקָּטָֽן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 41 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1CH_24:31!22|MId=o130240310221|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 41 קָּטָֽן קָטָן ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 38 amod _ Gloss=young|Ref=1CH_24:31!22|MId=o130240310222|Strong=6996|Type=adjective 42 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 41 punct _ Ref=1CH_24:31!22|SpaceAfter=No 43 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 41 punct _ Ref=1CH_24:31!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּפִּילוּ *they cast* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | גּוֹרָלוֹת *lots* | | | הֵם *they* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [These likewise cast lots even as their brethren the sons of Aaron in the presence of David the king, and Zadok, and Ahimelech, and the heads of the fathers' houses of the priests and of the Levites; the fathers' houses of the chief even as those of his younger brother.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.873/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1CH:794`. - ← previous: [1 Chronicles 24:30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.24.30/) - next →: [1 Chronicles 25:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.25.1/) - ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/24/)