--- title: 1 Chronicles 4:4 — and Penuel the father of Gedor, and Ezer the father of Hushah. These… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and Penuel the father of Gedor, and Ezer the father of Hushah. These are the sons of Hur the first-born of Ephrath, the father of Beth-lehem. Who acts: These. 1 Chronicles 4:4 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.4.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/4/) / 4:4 # 1 Chronicles 4:4 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים א **Who acts:** These · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** sons This is 1 Chronicles 4:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — These — and what happens in the verse to sons, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 29 chapters of 1 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּפְנוּאֵל֙ אֲבִ֣י גְדֹ֔ר וְעֵ֖זֶר אֲבִ֣י חוּשָׁ֑ה אֵ֤לֶּה בְנֵי־חוּר֙ בְּכ֣וֹר אֶפְרָ֔תָה אֲבִ֖י בֵּ֥ית לָֽחֶם בֵּ֥ית לָֽחֶם׃ [and Penuel the father of Gedor, and Ezer the father of Hushah.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.160/) [These are the sons of Hur the first-born of Ephrath, the father of Beth-lehem.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.161/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1CH:136 # text = וּפְנוּאֵל֙ אֲבִ֣י גְדֹ֔ר וְעֵ֖זֶר אֲבִ֣י חוּשָׁ֑ה אֵ֤לֶּה בְנֵי־חוּר֙ בְּכ֣וֹר אֶפְרָ֔תָה אֲבִ֖י בֵּ֥ית לָֽחֶם בֵּ֥ית לָֽחֶם׃ # verse = 1CH.4.4 1-2 וּפְנוּאֵל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_4:4!1|MId=o130040040011|Strong=2050b 2 פְנוּאֵל֙ פְּנוּאֵל PROPN _ _ 3 nsubj _ Gloss=Penuel|Ref=1CH_4:4!1|MId=o130040040012|Strong=6439 3 אֲבִ֣י אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[was].the.father|Ref=1CH_4:4!2|MId=o130040040021|Strong=0001 4 גְדֹ֔ר גְּדֹר PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Gedor|Ref=1CH_4:4!3|MId=o130040040031|Strong=1446 5-6 וְעֵ֖זֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_4:4!4|MId=o130040040041|Strong=2050b 6 עֵ֖זֶר עֵזֶר PROPN _ _ 7 nsubj _ Gloss=Ezer|Ref=1CH_4:4!4|MId=o130040040042|Strong=5829 7 אֲבִ֣י אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 conj _ Gloss=[was].the.father|Ref=1CH_4:4!5|MId=o130040040051|Strong=0001 8 חוּשָׁ֑ה חוּשָׁה PROPN _ _ 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Hushah|Ref=1CH_4:4!6|MId=o130040040061|Strong=2364 9 אֵ֤לֶּה אֵלֶּה PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 10 nsubj _ Gloss=these|Ref=1CH_4:4!7|MId=o130040040071|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 10 בְנֵי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 parataxis _ Gloss=[were].the.descendants|Ref=1CH_4:4!8|MId=o130040040081|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 11 חוּר֙ חוּר PROPN _ _ 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Hur|Ref=1CH_4:4!9|MId=o130040040091|Strong=2354 12 בְּכ֣וֹר בְּכֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 appos _ Gloss=the.firstborn|Ref=1CH_4:4!10|MId=o130040040101|Strong=1060 13 אֶפְרָ֔תָה אֶפְרָתָה PROPN _ _ 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ephrath|Ref=1CH_4:4!11|MId=o130040040111|Strong=0672c 14 אֲבִ֖י אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 appos _ Gloss=the.father|Ref=1CH_4:4!12|MId=o130040040121|Strong=0001 15 בֵּ֥ית בֵּית PROPN _ _ 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=1CH_4:4!13|MId=o130040040131 16 לָֽחֶם לֶחֶם PROPN _ _ 15 flat:name _ Ref=1CH_4:4!13 17 בֵּ֥ית בֵּית PROPN _ _ 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Bethlehem|Ref=1CH_4:4!14|MId=o130040040141 18 לָֽחֶם לֶחֶם PROPN _ _ 17 flat:name _ Ref=1CH_4:4!14|SpaceAfter=No 19 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 17 punct _ Ref=1CH_4:4!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no MACULA marks no verb frame in this verse. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and Penuel the father of Gedor, and Ezer the father of Hushah.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.160/) 2. [These are the sons of Hur the first-born of Ephrath, the father of Beth-lehem.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.161/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1CH:136`. - ← previous: [1 Chronicles 4:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.4.3/) - next →: [1 Chronicles 4:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.4.5/) - ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/4/)