--- title: 1 Chronicles 5:18 — The sons of Reuben, and the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh,… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: The sons of Reuben, and the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh, as many as were valiant men, men able to bear buckler and sword, and to shoot with bow, and skilful in war, were forty and four thousand seven hundred and threescore, that were able to go forth to war. Who acts: sons. 1 Chronicles --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.5.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/5/) / 5:18 # 1 Chronicles 5:18 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים א **Who acts:** sons · **What happens:** be, bear, shoot, go · **To what, where:** valiant men, buckler, forty, war This is 1 Chronicles 5:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — sons — and what happens in the verse to valiant men, buckler, forty, war, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 29 chapters of 1 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בְּנֵֽי־רְאוּבֵ֨ן וְגָדִ֜י וַחֲצִ֥י שֵֽׁבֶט־מְנַשֶּׁה֮ מִן־בְּנֵי־חַיִל֒ אֲ֠נָשִׁים נֹשְׂאֵ֨י מָגֵ֤ן וְחֶ֙רֶב֙ וְדֹ֣רְכֵי קֶ֔שֶׁת וּלְמוּדֵ֖י מִלְחָמָ֑ה אַרְבָּעִ֨ים וְאַרְבָּעָ֥ה אֶ֛לֶף וּשְׁבַע־מֵא֥וֹת וְשִׁשִּׁ֖ים יֹצְאֵ֥י צָבָֽא׃ [The sons of Reuben, and the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh, as many as were valiant men, men able to bear buckler and sword, and to shoot with bow, and skilful in war, were forty and four thousand seven hundred and threescore, that were able to go forth to war.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.225/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1CH:193 # text = בְּנֵֽי־רְאוּבֵ֨ן וְגָדִ֜י וַחֲצִ֥י שֵֽׁבֶט־מְנַשֶּׁה֮ מִן־בְּנֵי־חַיִל֒ אֲ֠נָשִׁים נֹשְׂאֵ֨י מָגֵ֤ן וְחֶ֙רֶב֙ וְדֹ֣רְכֵי קֶ֔שֶׁת וּלְמוּדֵ֖י מִלְחָמָ֑ה אַרְבָּעִ֨ים וְאַרְבָּעָ֥ה אֶ֛לֶף וּשְׁבַע־מֵא֥וֹת וְשִׁשִּׁ֖ים יֹצְאֵ֥י צָבָֽא׃ # verse = 1CH.5.18 1 בְּנֵֽי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 32 nsubj _ Gloss=the.descendants|Ref=1CH_5:18!1|MId=o130050180011|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 2 רְאוּבֵ֨ן רְאוּבֵן PROPN _ _ 1 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Reuben|Ref=1CH_5:18!2|MId=o130050180021|Strong=7205 3-4 וְגָדִ֜י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and.[the]|Ref=1CH_5:18!3|MId=o130050180031|Strong=2050b 4 גָדִ֜י גָּדִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 conj _ Gloss=Gadite[s]|Ref=1CH_5:18!3|MId=o130050180032|Strong=1425|Type=gentilic 5-6 וַחֲצִ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_5:18!4|MId=o130050180041|Strong=2050b 6 חֲצִ֥י חֲצִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 conj _ Gloss=the.half|Ref=1CH_5:18!4|MId=o130050180042|Strong=2677 7 שֵֽׁבֶט־ שֵׁבֶט NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.tribe|Ref=1CH_5:18!5|MId=o130050180051|Strong=7626|SpaceAfter=No 8 מְנַשֶּׁה֮ מְנַשֶּׁה PROPN _ _ 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Manasseh|Ref=1CH_5:18!6|MId=o130050180061|Strong=4519 9 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1CH_5:18!7|MId=o130050180071|Strong=4480|SpaceAfter=No 10 בְּנֵי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 nmod _ Gloss=[the].sons|Ref=1CH_5:18!8|MId=o130050180081|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 11 חַיִל֒ חַיִל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.strength|Ref=1CH_5:18!9|MId=o130050180091|Strong=2428 12 אֲ֠נָשִׁים אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 appos _ Gloss=men|Ref=1CH_5:18!10|MId=o130050180101|Strong=0376 13 נֹשְׂאֵ֨י נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 12 appos _ Gloss=[who].carried|Ref=1CH_5:18!11|MId=o130050180111|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:130050180101;A1:130050180121;130050180132;|Type=participle_active 14 מָגֵ֤ן מָגֵן NOUN _ Number=Sing 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=(of).shield|Ref=1CH_5:18!12|MId=o130050180121|Strong=4043 15-16 וְחֶ֙רֶב֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_5:18!13|MId=o130050180131|Strong=2050b 16 חֶ֙רֶב֙ חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 14 conj _ Gloss=sword|Ref=1CH_5:18!13|MId=o130050180132|Strong=2719 17-18 וְדֹ֣רְכֵי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and.[who]|Ref=1CH_5:18!14|MId=o130050180141|Strong=2050b 18 דֹ֣רְכֵי דָּרַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 13 conj _ Gloss=bent|Ref=1CH_5:18!14|MId=o130050180142|Strong=1869|Frame=A0:130050180101;A1:130050180151;|Type=participle_active 19 קֶ֔שֶׁת קֶשֶׁת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=(of).a.bow|Ref=1CH_5:18!15|MId=o130050180151|Strong=7198 20-21 וּלְמוּדֵ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_5:18!16|MId=o130050180161|Strong=2050b 21 לְמוּדֵ֖י לָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 13 conj _ Gloss=[who.were].trained|Ref=1CH_5:18!16|MId=o130050180162|Strong=3925|Frame=A1:130050180101;|Type=participle_passive 22 מִלְחָמָ֑ה מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.warfare|Ref=1CH_5:18!17|MId=o130050180171|Strong=4421 23 אַרְבָּעִ֨ים אַרְבַּע NUM _ Number=Plur 32 nummod _ Gloss=forty|Ref=1CH_5:18!18|MId=o130050180181|Strong=0705|Type=cardinal_number 24-25 וְאַרְבָּעָ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_5:18!19|MId=o130050180191|Strong=2050b 25 אַרְבָּעָ֥ה אַרְבַּע NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 conj _ Gloss=four|Ref=1CH_5:18!19|MId=o130050180192|Strong=0702|Type=cardinal_number 26 אֶ֛לֶף אֶלֶף NUM _ Number=Sing 23 flat _ Gloss=thousand|Ref=1CH_5:18!20|MId=o130050180201|Strong=0505|Type=cardinal_number 27-28 וּשְׁבַע־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_5:18!21|MId=o130050180211|Strong=2050b 28 שְׁבַע־ שֶׁבַע NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 23 conj _ Gloss=seven|Ref=1CH_5:18!21|MId=o130050180212|Strong=7651|Type=cardinal_number 29 מֵא֥וֹת מֵאָה NUM _ Number=Plur 28 flat _ Gloss=hundred(s)|Ref=1CH_5:18!22|MId=o130050180221|Strong=3967|Type=cardinal_number 30-31 וְשִׁשִּׁ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_5:18!23|MId=o130050180231|Strong=2050b 31 שִׁשִּׁ֖ים שֵׁשׁ NUM _ Number=Plur 23 conj _ Gloss=sixty|Ref=1CH_5:18!23|MId=o130050180232|Strong=8346|Type=cardinal_number 32 יֹצְאֵ֥י יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=[were].going.forth|Ref=1CH_5:18!24|MId=o130050180241|Strong=3318|Type=participle_active 33 צָבָֽא צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Sing 32 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.war|Ref=1CH_5:18!25|MId=o130050180251|Strong=6635|SpaceAfter=No 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=1CH_5:18!25 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נֹשְׂאֵי *\[who\] carried* | participle active · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | מָגֵן *(of) shield* + חֶרֶב *sword* | | | | דֹרְכֵי *bent* | participle active · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | קֶשֶׁת *(of) a bow* | | | | לְמוּדֵי *\[who were\] trained* | participle passive · qal | | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [The sons of Reuben, and the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh, as many as were valiant men, men able to bear buckler and sword, and to shoot with bow, and skilful in war, were forty and four thousand seven hundred and threescore, that were able to go forth to war.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.225/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1CH:193`. - ← previous: [1 Chronicles 5:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.5.17/) - next →: [1 Chronicles 5:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.5.19/) - ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/5/)