--- title: 1 Chronicles 8:40 — And the sons of Ulam were mighty men of valour, archers; and had man… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the sons of Ulam were mighty men of valour, archers; and had many sons, and sons' sons, a hundred and fifty. All these were of the sons of Benjamin. Who acts: sons, these. 1 Chronicles 8:40 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.8.40/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/8/) / 8:40 # 1 Chronicles 8:40 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים א **Who acts:** sons, these · **What happens:** be, have · **To what, where:** mighty men, many sons This is 1 Chronicles 8:40 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — sons, these — and what happens in the verse to mighty men, many sons, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 29 chapters of 1 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַֽיִּהְי֣וּ בְנֵי־א֠וּלָם אֲנָשִׁ֨ים גִּבֹּרֵי־חַ֜יִל דֹּ֣רְכֵי קֶ֗שֶׁת וּמַרְבִּ֤ים בָּנִים֙ וּבְנֵ֣י בָנִ֔ים מֵאָ֖ה וַחֲמִשִּׁ֑ים כָּל־אֵ֖לֶּה מִבְּנֵ֥י בִנְיָמִֽן׃פ [And the sons of Ulam were mighty men of valour, archers; and had many sons, and sons' sons, a hundred and fifty.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.407/) [All these were of the sons of Benjamin.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.408/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1CH:362 # text = וַֽיִּהְי֣וּ בְנֵי־א֠וּלָם אֲנָשִׁ֨ים גִּבֹּרֵי־חַ֜יִל דֹּ֣רְכֵי קֶ֗שֶׁת וּמַרְבִּ֤ים בָּנִים֙ וּבְנֵ֣י בָנִ֔ים מֵאָ֖ה וַחֲמִשִּׁ֑ים כָּל־אֵ֖לֶּה מִבְּנֵ֥י בִנְיָמִֽן׃פ # verse = 1CH.8.40 1-2 וַֽיִּהְי֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_8:40!1|MId=o130080400011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּהְי֣וּ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 cop _ Gloss=they.were|Ref=1CH_8:40!1|MId=o130080400012|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:130080400021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 בְנֵי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ Gloss=the.sons|Ref=1CH_8:40!2|MId=o130080400021|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 4 א֠וּלָם אוּלָם PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ulam|Ref=1CH_8:40!3|MId=o130080400031|Strong=0198 5 אֲנָשִׁ֨ים אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=men|Ref=1CH_8:40!4|MId=o130080400041|Strong=0376 6 גִּבֹּרֵי־ גִּבּוֹר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 appos _ Gloss=mighty|Ref=1CH_8:40!5|MId=o130080400051|Strong=1368|Type=adjective|SpaceAfter=No 7 חַ֜יִל חַיִל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.strength|Ref=1CH_8:40!6|MId=o130080400061|Strong=2428 8 דֹּ֣רְכֵי דָּרַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 5 appos _ Gloss=[who].bent|Ref=1CH_8:40!7|MId=o130080400071|Strong=1869|Frame=A0:130080400041;A1:130080400081;|Type=participle_active 9 קֶ֗שֶׁת קֶשֶׁת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=(of).a.bow|Ref=1CH_8:40!8|MId=o130080400081|Strong=7198 10-11 וּמַרְבִּ֤ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and.[who]|Ref=1CH_8:40!9|MId=o130080400091|Strong=2050b 11 מַרְבִּ֤ים רָבָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur 5 conj _ Gloss=had.many|Ref=1CH_8:40!9|MId=o130080400092|Strong=7235|Frame=AA:130080400021;A0:130080400101;130080400112;|Type=participle_active 12 בָּנִים֙ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 obj _ Gloss=children|Ref=1CH_8:40!10|MId=o130080400101|Strong=1121 13-14 וּבְנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_8:40!11|MId=o130080400111|Strong=2050b 14 בְנֵ֣י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 conj _ Gloss=children|Ref=1CH_8:40!11|MId=o130080400112|Strong=1121 15 בָנִ֔ים בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.children|Ref=1CH_8:40!12|MId=o130080400121|Strong=1121 16 מֵאָ֖ה מֵאָה NUM _ Number=Sing 12 nummod _ Gloss=one.hundred|Ref=1CH_8:40!13|MId=o130080400131|Strong=3967|Type=cardinal_number 17-18 וַחֲמִשִּׁ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1CH_8:40!14|MId=o130080400141|Strong=2050b 18 חֲמִשִּׁ֑ים חָמֵשׁ NUM _ Number=Plur 16 conj _ Gloss=fifty|Ref=1CH_8:40!14|MId=o130080400142|Strong=2572|Type=cardinal_number 19 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=1CH_8:40!15|MId=o130080400151|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 20 אֵ֖לֶּה אֵלֶּה DET _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 19 det _ Gloss=these|Ref=1CH_8:40!16|MId=o130080400161|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 21-22 מִבְּנֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=[were].of|Ref=1CH_8:40!17|MId=o130080400171|Strong=4480 22 בְּנֵ֥י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 parataxis _ Gloss=the.descendants|Ref=1CH_8:40!17|MId=o130080400172|Strong=1121 23 בִנְיָמִֽן בִּנְיָמִן PROPN _ _ 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Benjamin|Ref=1CH_8:40!18|MId=o130080400181|Strong=1144|SpaceAfter=No 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=1CH_8:40!18|SpaceAfter=No 25 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=1CH_8:40!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּהְיוּ *they were* | wayyiqtol · qal | בְנֵי־ *the sons* | | | | | דֹּרְכֵי *\[who\] bent* | participle active · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | קֶשֶׁת *(of) a bow* | | | | מַרְבִּים *had many* | participle active · hiphil | בָּנִים *children* + בְנֵי *children* | | | בְנֵי־ *the sons* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the sons of Ulam were mighty men of valour, archers; and had many sons, and sons' sons, a hundred and fifty.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.407/) 2. [All these were of the sons of Benjamin.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.408/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1CH:362`. - ← previous: [1 Chronicles 8:39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.8.39/) - next →: [1 Chronicles 9:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.9.1/) - ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/8/)