--- title: 2 Chronicles 11:12 — And in every city he put shields and spears, and made them exceeding… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And in every city he put shields and spears, and made them exceeding strong. And Judah and Benjamin adhered to him. Who acts: Hebron, Judah. 2 Chronicles 11:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.11.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [2 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/) / [chapter 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/11/) / 11:12 # 2 Chronicles 11:12 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב **Who acts:** Hebron, Judah · **What happens:** put, make, adhere · **To what, where:** shields, city, Hebron This is 2 Chronicles 11:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Hebron, Judah — and what happens in the verse to shields, city, Hebron, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּבְכָל־עִ֤יר וָעִיר֙ צִנּ֣וֹת וּרְמָחִ֔ים וַֽיְחַזְּקֵ֖ם לְהַרְבֵּ֣ה מְאֹ֑ד וַיְהִי־ל֖וֹ יְהוּדָ֥ה וּבִנְיָמִֽן׃ס [And in every city he put shields and spears, and made them exceeding strong.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.243/) [And Judah and Benjamin adhered to him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.244/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2CH:231 # text = וּבְכָל־עִ֤יר וָעִיר֙ צִנּ֣וֹת וּרְמָחִ֔ים וַֽיְחַזְּקֵ֖ם לְהַרְבֵּ֣ה מְאֹ֑ד וַיְהִי־ל֖וֹ יְהוּדָ֥ה וּבִנְיָמִֽן׃ס # verse = 2CH.11.12 1-3 וּבְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and.[were]|Ref=2CH_11:12!1|MId=o140110120011|Strong=2050b 2 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2CH_11:12!1|MId=o140110120012|Strong=0871a 3 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=every|Ref=2CH_11:12!1|MId=o140110120013|Strong=3605 4 עִ֤יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=city|Ref=2CH_11:12!2|MId=o140110120021|Strong=5892 5-6 וָעִיר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_11:12!3|MId=o140110120031|Strong=2050b 6 עִיר֙ עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=a.city|Ref=2CH_11:12!3|MId=o140110120032|Strong=5892 7 צִנּ֣וֹת צִנָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 3 obj _ Gloss=body.shields|Ref=2CH_11:12!4|MId=o140110120041|Strong=6793a 8-9 וּרְמָחִ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_11:12!5|MId=o140110120051|Strong=2050b 9 רְמָחִ֔ים רֹמַח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 conj _ Gloss=spears|Ref=2CH_11:12!5|MId=o140110120052|Strong=7420 10-12 וַֽיְחַזְּקֵ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_11:12!6|MId=o140110120061|Strong=2050b 11 יְחַזְּק חָזַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=2CH_11:12!6|MId=o140110120062|Strong=2388|Frame=A0:140110050021;A1:140110120063;|Type=wayyiqtol 12 ֵ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obj _ Gloss=made.them.strong|Ref=2CH_11:12!6|MId=o140110120063|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 13-14 לְהַרְבֵּ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_11:12!7|MId=o140110120071|Strong=3807a 14 הַרְבֵּ֣ה רָבָה ADV _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 11 obl _ Gloss=abundance|Ref=2CH_11:12!7|MId=o140110120072|Strong=7235b|Type=infinitive_absolute 15 מְאֹ֑ד מְאֹד ADV _ _ 14 advmod _ Gloss=exceedingly|Ref=2CH_11:12!8|MId=o140110120081|Strong=3966 16-17 וַיְהִי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_11:12!9|MId=o140110120091|Strong=2050b 17 יְהִי־ הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=it.belonged|Ref=2CH_11:12!9|MId=o140110120092|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:140110120111;140110120122;|Type=wayyiqtol 18-19 ל֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 ל לְ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_11:12!10|MId=o140110120101|Strong=3807a 19 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=2CH_11:12!10|MId=o140110120102|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 20 יְהוּדָ֥ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 17 nsubj _ Gloss=Judah|Ref=2CH_11:12!11|MId=o140110120111|Strong=3063 21-22 וּבִנְיָמִֽן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_11:12!12|MId=o140110120121|Strong=2050b 22 בִנְיָמִֽן בִּנְיָמִן PROPN _ _ 20 conj _ Gloss=Benjamin|Ref=2CH_11:12!12|MId=o140110120122|Strong=1144 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=2CH_11:12!12|SpaceAfter=No 24 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=2CH_11:12!12 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יְחַזְּק *he* | wayyiqtol · piel | | ֵם *made them strong* | | | | יְהִי־ *it belonged* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוּדָה *Judah* + בִנְיָמִֽן *Benjamin* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And in every city he put shields and spears, and made them exceeding strong.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.243/) 2. [And Judah and Benjamin adhered to him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.244/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2CH:231`. - ← previous: [2 Chronicles 11:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.11.11/) - next →: [2 Chronicles 11:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.11.13/) - ↑ back to [2 Chronicles 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/11/)