--- title: 2 Chronicles 13:14 — And when Judah looked back, behold, the battle was before and behind… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And when Judah looked back, behold, the battle was before and behind them; and they cried unto the LORD, and the priests sounded with the trumpets. Who acts: Judah, battle, fathers, priests. 2 Chronicles 13:14 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.13.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [2 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/) / [chapter 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/13/) / 13:14 # 2 Chronicles 13:14 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב **Who acts:** Judah, battle, fathers, priests · **What happens:** look back, be, cry, sound This is 2 Chronicles 13:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Judah, battle, fathers, priests — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּפְנ֣וּ יְהוּדָ֗ה וְהִנֵּ֨ה לָהֶ֤ם הַמִּלְחָמָה֙ פָּנִ֣ים וְאָח֔וֹר וַֽיִּצְעֲק֖וּ לַיהוָ֑ה וְהַכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים מַחְצְרִ֖ים בַּחֲצֹצְרֽוֹת׃ [And when Judah looked back, behold, the battle was before and behind them; and they cried unto the LORD, and the priests sounded with the trumpets.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.289/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2CH:272 # text = וַיִּפְנ֣וּ יְהוּדָ֗ה וְהִנֵּ֨ה לָהֶ֤ם הַמִּלְחָמָה֙ פָּנִ֣ים וְאָח֔וֹר וַֽיִּצְעֲק֖וּ לַיהוָ֑ה וְהַכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים מַחְצְרִ֖ים בַּחֲצֹצְרֽוֹת׃ # verse = 2CH.13.14 1-2 וַיִּפְנ֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_13:14!1|MId=o140130140011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּפְנ֣וּ פָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.turned|Ref=2CH_13:14!1|MId=o140130140012|Strong=6437|Frame=A0:140130140021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יְהוּדָ֗ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Judah|Ref=2CH_13:14!2|MId=o140130140021|Strong=3063 4-5 וְהִנֵּ֨ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_13:14!3|MId=o140130140031|Strong=2050b 5 הִנֵּ֨ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 7 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=2CH_13:14!3|MId=o140130140032|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 6-7 לָהֶ֤ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 ל לְ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=[was].to|Ref=2CH_13:14!4|MId=o140130140041|Strong=3807a 7 ָהֶ֤ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 conj _ Gloss=them|Ref=2CH_13:14!4|MId=o140130140042|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 8-9 הַמִּלְחָמָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2CH_13:14!5|MId=o140130140051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 מִּלְחָמָה֙ מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ Gloss=battle|Ref=2CH_13:14!5|MId=o140130140052|Strong=4421 10 פָּנִ֣ים פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 7 obl _ Gloss=before|Ref=2CH_13:14!6|MId=o140130140061|Strong=6440 11-12 וְאָח֔וֹר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_13:14!7|MId=o140130140071|Strong=2050b 12 אָח֔וֹר אָחוֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 conj _ Gloss=behind|Ref=2CH_13:14!7|MId=o140130140072|Strong=0268 13-14 וַֽיִּצְעֲק֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_13:14!8|MId=o140130140081|Strong=2050b 14 יִּצְעֲק֖וּ צָעַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.cried.out|Ref=2CH_13:14!8|MId=o140130140082|Strong=6817|Frame=A0:140130140021;|Type=wayyiqtol 15-16 לַיהוָ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_13:14!9|MId=o140130140091|Strong=3807a 16 יהוָ֑ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 14 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=2CH_13:14!9|MId=o140130140092|Strong=3068 17-19 וְהַכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_13:14!10|MId=o140130140101|Strong=2050b 18 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2CH_13:14!10|MId=o140130140102|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 כֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים כֹּהֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 20 nsubj _ Gloss=priests|Ref=2CH_13:14!10|MId=o140130140103|Strong=3548 20 מַחְצְרִ֖ים חָצַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur 2 conj _ Gloss=[were].blowing.a.trumpet|Ref=2CH_13:14!12|MId=o140130140121|Strong=2690|Frame=A0:140130140103;|Type=participle_active 21-22 בַּחֲצֹצְרֽוֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2CH_13:14!13|MId=o140130140131|Strong=0871a 22 חֲצֹצְרֽוֹת חֲצֹצְרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 20 obl _ Gloss=trumpets|Ref=2CH_13:14!13|MId=o140130140132|Strong=2689 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=2CH_13:14!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּפְנוּ *they turned* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוּדָה *Judah* | | | | | יִּצְעֲקוּ *they cried out* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוּדָה *Judah* | | | | | מַחְצְרִים *\[were\] blowing a trumpet* | participle active · hiphil | כֹּהֲנִים *priests* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And when Judah looked back, behold, the battle was before and behind them; and they cried unto the LORD, and the priests sounded with the trumpets.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.289/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2CH:272`. - ← previous: [2 Chronicles 13:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.13.13/) - next →: [2 Chronicles 13:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.13.15/) - ↑ back to [2 Chronicles 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/13/)