--- title: 2 Chronicles 16:8 — Were not the Ethiopians and the Lubim a huge host, with chariots and… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Were not the Ethiopians and the Lubim a huge host, with chariots and horsemen exceeding many? yet, because thou didst rely on the LORD, He delivered them into thy hand. Who acts: Ethiopians, thou, host. 2 Chronicles 16:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.16.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [2 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/16/) / 16:8 # 2 Chronicles 16:8 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב **Who acts:** Ethiopians, thou, host · **What happens:** not be, rely, deliver · **To what, where:** huge host, Ethiopians, hand This is 2 Chronicles 16:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ethiopians, thou, host — and what happens in the verse to huge host, Ethiopians, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הֲלֹ֧א הַכּוּשִׁ֣ים וְהַלּוּבִ֗ים הָי֨וּ לְחַ֧יִל ׀ לָרֹ֛ב לְרֶ֥כֶב וּלְפָרָשִׁ֖ים לְהַרְבֵּ֣ה מְאֹ֑ד וּבְהִשָּֽׁעֶנְךָ֥ עַל־יְהוָ֖ה נְתָנָ֥ם בְּיָדֶֽךָ׃ [Were not the Ethiopians and the Lubim a huge host, with chariots and horsemen exceeding many? yet, because thou didst rely on the LORD, He delivered them into thy hand.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.340/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2CH:322 # text = הֲלֹ֧א הַכּוּשִׁ֣ים וְהַלּוּבִ֗ים הָי֨וּ לְחַ֧יִל ׀ לָרֹ֛ב לְרֶ֥כֶב וּלְפָרָשִׁ֖ים לְהַרְבֵּ֣ה מְאֹ֑ד וּבְהִשָּֽׁעֶנְךָ֥ עַל־יְהוָ֖ה נְתָנָ֥ם בְּיָדֶֽךָ׃ # verse = 2CH.16.8 1-2 הֲלֹ֧א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 10 advmod _ Gloss=?|Ref=2CH_16:8!1|MId=o140160080011|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 2 לֹ֧א לֹא ADV _ _ 10 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=2CH_16:8!1|MId=o140160080012|Strong=3808|Type=negative 3-4 הַכּוּשִׁ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2CH_16:8!2|MId=o140160080021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 כּוּשִׁ֣ים כֻּשִׁי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 nsubj _ Gloss=Cushites|Ref=2CH_16:8!2|MId=o140160080022|Strong=3569|Type=gentilic 5-7 וְהַלּוּבִ֗ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_16:8!3|MId=o140160080031|Strong=2050b 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2CH_16:8!3|MId=o140160080032|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 לּוּבִ֗ים לוּבִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 conj _ Gloss=Libyans|Ref=2CH_16:8!3|MId=o140160080033|Strong=3864|Type=gentilic 8 הָי֨וּ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 10 cop _ Gloss=were.they|Ref=2CH_16:8!4|MId=o140160080041|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:140160080022;140160080033;|Type=qatal 9-10 לְחַ֧יִל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=(to).an|Ref=2CH_16:8!5|MId=o140160080051|Strong=3807a 10 חַ֧יִל חַיִל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=army|Ref=2CH_16:8!5|MId=o140160080052|Strong=2428 11 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 10 punct _ Ref=2CH_16:8!5 12-13 לָרֹ֛ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=2CH_16:8!6|MId=o140160080061|Strong=3807a 13 רֹ֛ב רֹב NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 nmod _ Gloss=multitude|Ref=2CH_16:8!6|MId=o140160080062|Strong=7230 14-15 לְרֶ֥כֶב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=2CH_16:8!7|MId=o140160080071|Strong=3807a 15 רֶ֥כֶב רֶכֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=chariotry|Ref=2CH_16:8!7|MId=o140160080072|Strong=7393 16-18 וּלְפָרָשִׁ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_16:8!8|MId=o140160080081|Strong=2050b 17 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=2CH_16:8!8|MId=o140160080082|Strong=3807a 18 פָרָשִׁ֖ים פָּרָשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 conj _ Gloss=horsemen|Ref=2CH_16:8!8|MId=o140160080083|Strong=6571 19-20 לְהַרְבֵּ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_16:8!9|MId=o140160080091|Strong=3807a 20 הַרְבֵּ֣ה רָבָה ADV _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 10 obl _ Gloss=abundance|Ref=2CH_16:8!9|MId=o140160080092|Strong=7235b|Type=infinitive_absolute 21 מְאֹ֑ד מְאֹד ADV _ _ 20 advmod _ Gloss=exceedingly|Ref=2CH_16:8!10|MId=o140160080101|Strong=3966 22-25 וּבְהִשָּֽׁעֶנְךָ֥ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_16:8!11|MId=o140160080111|Strong=2050b 23 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=because|Ref=2CH_16:8!11|MId=o140160080112|Strong=0871a 24 הִשָּֽׁעֶנ שָׁעַן VERB _ HebBinyan=NIPHAL 28 xcomp _ Gloss=depended|Ref=2CH_16:8!11|MId=o140160080113|Strong=8172|Frame=A0:140160080114;|Type=infinitive_construct 25 ְךָ֥ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=2CH_16:8!11|MId=o140160080114|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 26 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2CH_16:8!12|MId=o140160080121|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 27 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 24 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=2CH_16:8!13|MId=o140160080131|Strong=3068 28-29 נְתָנָ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 נְתָנ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 10 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=2CH_16:8!14|MId=o140160080141|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:140160080131;A1:140160080142;|Type=qatal 29 ָ֥ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 obj _ Gloss=gave.them|Ref=2CH_16:8!14|MId=o140160080142|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 30-32 בְּיָדֶֽךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2CH_16:8!15|MId=o140160080151|Strong=0871a 31 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=hand|Ref=2CH_16:8!15|MId=o140160080152|Strong=3027 32 ֶֽךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 31 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=2CH_16:8!15|MId=o140160080153|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=2CH_16:8!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הָיוּ *were they* | qatal · qal | כּוּשִׁים *Cushites* + לּוּבִים *Libyans* | | | | | הִשָּֽׁעֶנ *depended* | infinitive construct · niphal | ְךָ *you* | | | | | נְתָנ *he* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | ָם *gave them* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Were not the Ethiopians and the Lubim a huge host, with chariots and horsemen exceeding many? yet, because thou didst rely on the LORD, He delivered them into thy hand.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.340/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2CH:322`. - ← previous: [2 Chronicles 16:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.16.7/) - next →: [2 Chronicles 16:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.16.9/) - ↑ back to [2 Chronicles 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/16/)