--- title: 2 Chronicles 17:12 — And Jehoshaphat waxed great exceedingly; and he built in Judah castl… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Jehoshaphat waxed great exceedingly; and he built in Judah castles and cities of store. Who acts: Jehoshaphat. 2 Chronicles 17:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.17.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [2 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/) / [chapter 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/17/) / 17:12 # 2 Chronicles 17:12 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב **Who acts:** Jehoshaphat · **What happens:** wax, build This is 2 Chronicles 17:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jehoshaphat — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִ֧י יְהוֹשָׁפָ֛ט הֹלֵ֥ךְ וְגָדֵ֖ל עַד־לְמָ֑עְלָה וַיִּ֧בֶן בִּֽיהוּדָ֛ה בִּירָנִיּ֖וֹת וְעָרֵ֥י מִסְכְּנֽוֹת׃ [And Jehoshaphat waxed great exceedingly; and he built in Judah castles and cities of store.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.360/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2CH:340 # text = וַיְהִ֧י יְהוֹשָׁפָ֛ט הֹלֵ֥ךְ וְגָדֵ֖ל עַד־לְמָ֑עְלָה וַיִּ֧בֶן בִּֽיהוּדָ֛ה בִּירָנִיּ֖וֹת וְעָרֵ֥י מִסְכְּנֽוֹת׃ # verse = 2CH.17.12 1-2 וַיְהִ֧י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_17:12!1|MId=o140170120011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִ֧י הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 cop _ Gloss=he.was|Ref=2CH_17:12!1|MId=o140170120012|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:140170120021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יְהוֹשָׁפָ֛ט יְהוֹשָׁפָט PROPN _ _ 4 nsubj _ Gloss=Jehoshaphat|Ref=2CH_17:12!2|MId=o140170120021|Strong=3092 4 הֹלֵ֥ךְ הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=going|Ref=2CH_17:12!3|MId=o140170120031|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:140170120021;|Type=participle_active 5-6 וְגָדֵ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_17:12!4|MId=o140170120041|Strong=2050b 6 גָדֵ֖ל גָּדֵל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=becoming.great|Ref=2CH_17:12!4|MId=o140170120042|Strong=1432|Frame=A0:140170120021;|Type=participle_active 7 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_17:12!5|MId=o140170120051|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 8-10 לְמָ֑עְלָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=2CH_17:12!6|MId=o140170120061|Strong=3807a 9 מָ֑עְל מַעַל ADV _ _ 4 obl _ Gloss=upwards|Ref=2CH_17:12!6|MId=o140170120062|Strong=4605 10 ָה ה X _ _ 9 nmod _ Gloss=|Ref=2CH_17:12!6|MId=o140170120063|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 11-12 וַיִּ֧בֶן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_17:12!7|MId=o140170120071|Strong=2050b 12 יִּ֧בֶן בָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.built|Ref=2CH_17:12!7|MId=o140170120072|Strong=1129|Frame=A0:140170120021;A1:140170120091;140170120102;|Type=wayyiqtol 13-14 בִּֽיהוּדָ֛ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בִּֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2CH_17:12!8|MId=o140170120081|Strong=0871a 14 יהוּדָ֛ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 12 obl _ Gloss=Judah|Ref=2CH_17:12!8|MId=o140170120082|Strong=3063 15 בִּירָנִיּ֖וֹת בִּירָנִיָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 12 obj _ Gloss=fortresses|Ref=2CH_17:12!9|MId=o140170120091|Strong=1003 16-17 וְעָרֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_17:12!10|MId=o140170120101|Strong=2050b 17 עָרֵ֥י עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 15 conj _ Gloss=cities|Ref=2CH_17:12!10|MId=o140170120102|Strong=5892 18 מִסְכְּנֽוֹת מִסְכְּנוֹת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.stores|Ref=2CH_17:12!11|MId=o140170120111|Strong=4543|SpaceAfter=No 19 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 18 punct _ Ref=2CH_17:12!11 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יְהִי *he was* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוֹשָׁפָט *Jehoshaphat* | | | | | הֹלֵךְ *going* | participle active · qal | יְהוֹשָׁפָט *Jehoshaphat* | | | | | גָדֵל *becoming great* | participle active · qal | יְהוֹשָׁפָט *Jehoshaphat* | | | | | יִּבֶן *he built* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוֹשָׁפָט *Jehoshaphat* | בִּירָנִיּוֹת *fortresses* + עָרֵי *cities* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Jehoshaphat waxed great exceedingly; and he built in Judah castles and cities of store.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.360/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2CH:340`. - ← previous: [2 Chronicles 17:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.17.11/) - next →: [2 Chronicles 17:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.17.13/) - ↑ back to [2 Chronicles 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/17/)