--- title: 2 Chronicles 18:19 — And the LORD said: who shall entice Ahab king of Israel, that he may… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the LORD said: who shall entice Ahab king of Israel, that he may go up and fall at Ramoth-gilead? And one spoke saying after this manner, and another saying after that manner. Who acts: LORD, one, another. 2 Chronicles 18:19 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of ever --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.18.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [2 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/18/) / 18:19 # 2 Chronicles 18:19 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב **Who acts:** LORD, one, another · **What happens:** say, entice, go up, fall, speak · **To what, where:** Ahab, Ramoth · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Chronicles 18:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, one, another — and what happens in the verse to Ahab, Ramoth, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָ֗ה מִ֤י יְפַתֶּה֙ אֶת־אַחְאָ֣ב מֶֽלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְיַ֕עַל וְיִפֹּ֖ל בְּרָמ֣וֹת גִּלְעָ֑ד רָמ֣וֹת גִּלְעָ֑ד וַיֹּ֕אמֶר זֶ֚ה אֹמֵ֣ר כָּ֔כָה וְזֶ֖ה אֹמֵ֥ר כָּֽכָה׃ [And the LORD said: who shall entice Ahab king of Israel, that he may go up and fall at Ramoth-gilead?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.387/) [And one spoke saying after this manner, and another saying after that manner.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.388/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2CH:366 # text = וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָ֗ה מִ֤י יְפַתֶּה֙ אֶת־אַחְאָ֣ב מֶֽלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְיַ֕עַל וְיִפֹּ֖ל בְּרָמ֣וֹת גִּלְעָ֑ד רָמ֣וֹת גִּלְעָ֑ד וַיֹּ֕אמֶר זֶ֚ה אֹמֵ֣ר כָּ֔כָה וְזֶ֖ה אֹמֵ֥ר כָּֽכָה׃ # verse = 2CH.18.19 1-2 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_18:19!1|MId=o140180190011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2CH_18:19!1|MId=o140180190012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:140180190021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יְהוָ֗ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=2CH_18:19!2|MId=o140180190021|Strong=3068 4 מִ֤י מִי PRON _ PronType=Int 5 nsubj _ Gloss=who?|Ref=2CH_18:19!3|MId=o140180190031|Strong=4310|Type=interrogative 5 יְפַתֶּה֙ פָּתָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 ccomp _ Gloss=will.he.deceive|Ref=2CH_18:19!4|MId=o140180190041|Strong=6601|Frame=A0:140180190031;A1:140180190061;|Type=yiqtol 6 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2CH_18:19!5|MId=o140180190051|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 7 אַחְאָ֣ב אַחְאָב PROPN _ _ 5 obj _ Gloss=Ahab|Ref=2CH_18:19!6|MId=o140180190061|Strong=0256 8 מֶֽלֶךְ־ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=2CH_18:19!7|MId=o140180190071|Strong=4428|SpaceAfter=No 9 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=2CH_18:19!8|MId=o140180190081|Strong=3478 10-11 וְיַ֕עַל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=so|Ref=2CH_18:19!9|MId=o140180190091|Strong=2050b 11 יַ֕עַל עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 conj _ Gloss=that.he.will.go.up|Ref=2CH_18:19!9|MId=o140180190092|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:140180190061;|Type=jussive 12-13 וְיִפֹּ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_18:19!10|MId=o140180190101|Strong=2050b 13 יִפֹּ֖ל נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 conj _ Gloss=so.that.he.will.fall|Ref=2CH_18:19!10|MId=o140180190102|Strong=5307|Frame=A0:140180190061;|Type=yiqtol 14-15 בְּרָמ֣וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=2CH_18:19!11|MId=o140180190111|Strong=0871a 15 רָמ֣וֹת רָמֹת PROPN _ _ 13 obl _ Gloss=Ramoth|Ref=2CH_18:19!11|MId=o140180190112 16 גִּלְעָ֑ד _ PROPN _ _ 15 flat:name _ Ref=2CH_18:19!11 17 רָמ֣וֹת גִּלְעָד PROPN _ _ 15 nmod _ Gloss=Gilead|Ref=2CH_18:19!12|MId=o140180190121 18 גִּלְעָ֑ד _ PROPN _ _ 17 flat:name _ Ref=2CH_18:19!12 19-20 וַיֹּ֕אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_18:19!13|MId=o140180190131|Strong=2050b 20 יֹּ֕אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.said|Ref=2CH_18:19!13|MId=o140180190132|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:140180130021;|Type=wayyiqtol 21 זֶ֚ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 22 nsubj _ Gloss=this.[one]|Ref=2CH_18:19!14|MId=o140180190141|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 22 אֹמֵ֣ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 20 ccomp _ Gloss=[was].saying|Ref=2CH_18:19!15|MId=o140180190151|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:140180190131;|Type=participle_active 23 כָּ֔כָה כָּכָה ADV _ _ 22 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=2CH_18:19!16|MId=o140180190161|Strong=3602 24-25 וְזֶ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_18:19!17|MId=o140180190171|Strong=2050b 25 זֶ֖ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 26 nsubj _ Gloss=this.[one]|Ref=2CH_18:19!17|MId=o140180190172|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 26 אֹמֵ֥ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 22 conj _ Gloss=[was].saying|Ref=2CH_18:19!18|MId=o140180190181|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:140180190162;|Type=participle_active 27 כָּֽכָה כָּכָה ADV _ _ 26 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=2CH_18:19!19|MId=o140180190191|Strong=3602|SpaceAfter=No 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=2CH_18:19!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | יְפַתֶּה *will he deceive* | yiqtol · piel | מִי *who?* | אַחְאָב *Ahab* | | | | יַעַל *that he will go up* | jussive · qal | אַחְאָב *Ahab* | | | | | יִפֹּל *so that he will fall* | yiqtol · qal | אַחְאָב *Ahab* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *it said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | אֹמֵר *\[was\] saying* | participle active · qal | וַ *and* | | | | | אֹמֵר *\[was\] saying* | participle active · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the LORD said: who shall entice Ahab king of Israel, that he may go up and fall at Ramoth-gilead?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.387/) 2. [And one spoke saying after this manner, and another saying after that manner.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.388/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2CH:366`. - ← previous: [2 Chronicles 18:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.18.18/) - next →: [2 Chronicles 18:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.18.20/) - ↑ back to [2 Chronicles 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/18/)