--- title: 2 Chronicles 18:22 — Now therefore, behold, the LORD hath put a lying spirit in the mouth… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Now therefore, behold, the LORD hath put a lying spirit in the mouth of these thy prophets; and the LORD hath spoken evil concerning thee.' Who acts: LORD. 2 Chronicles 18:22 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.18.22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [2 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/18/) / 18:22 # 2 Chronicles 18:22 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב **Who acts:** LORD · **What happens:** put, speak · **To what, where:** lying spirit, mouth, evil · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Chronicles 18:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD — and what happens in the verse to lying spirit, mouth, evil, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְעַתָּ֗ה הִנֵּ֨ה נָתַ֤ן יְהוָה֙ ר֣וּחַ שֶׁ֔קֶר בְּפִ֖י נְבִיאֶ֣יךָ אֵ֑לֶּה וַֽיהוָ֔ה דִּבֶּ֥ר עָלֶ֖יךָ רָעָֽה׃ס [Now therefore, behold, the LORD hath put a lying spirit in the mouth of these thy prophets; and the LORD hath spoken evil concerning thee.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.393/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2CH:369 # text = וְעַתָּ֗ה הִנֵּ֨ה נָתַ֤ן יְהוָה֙ ר֣וּחַ שֶׁ֔קֶר בְּפִ֖י נְבִיאֶ֣יךָ אֵ֑לֶּה וַֽיהוָ֔ה דִּבֶּ֥ר עָלֶ֖יךָ רָעָֽה׃ס # verse = 2CH.18.22 1-2 וְעַתָּ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_18:22!1|MId=o140180220011|Strong=2050b 2 עַתָּ֗ה עַתָּה ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=2CH_18:22!1|MId=o140180220012|Strong=6258 3 הִנֵּ֨ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 4 discourse _ Gloss=here!|Ref=2CH_18:22!2|MId=o140180220021|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 4 נָתַ֤ן נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.has.put|Ref=2CH_18:22!3|MId=o140180220031|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:140180220041;A1:140180220051;|Type=qatal 5 יְהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 4 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=2CH_18:22!4|MId=o140180220041|Strong=3068 6 ר֣וּחַ רוּחַ NOUN _ Number=Sing 4 obj _ Gloss=a.spirit|Ref=2CH_18:22!5|MId=o140180220051|Strong=7307 7 שֶׁ֔קֶר שֶׁקֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.falsehood|Ref=2CH_18:22!6|MId=o140180220061|Strong=8267 8-9 בְּפִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2CH_18:22!7|MId=o140180220071|Strong=0871a 9 פִ֖י פֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=the.mouth|Ref=2CH_18:22!7|MId=o140180220072|Strong=6310 10-11 נְבִיאֶ֣יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 נְבִיאֶ֣י נָבִיא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=your.prophets|Ref=2CH_18:22!8|MId=o140180220081|Strong=5030 11 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=2CH_18:22!8|MId=o140180220082|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 12 אֵ֑לֶּה אֵלֶּה DET _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 10 det _ Gloss=these|Ref=2CH_18:22!9|MId=o140180220091|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 13-14 וַֽיהוָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_18:22!10|MId=o140180220101|Strong=2050b 14 יהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 15 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=2CH_18:22!10|MId=o140180220102|Strong=3068 15 דִּבֶּ֥ר דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.has.spoken|Ref=2CH_18:22!11|MId=o140180220111|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:140180220102;A1:140180220131;|Type=qatal 16-17 עָלֶ֖יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 עָלֶ֖י עַל ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2CH_18:22!12|MId=o140180220121|Strong=5921 17 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 15 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=2CH_18:22!12|MId=o140180220122|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 18 רָעָֽה רָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 obj _ Gloss=calamity|Ref=2CH_18:22!13|MId=o140180220131|Strong=7451b|SpaceAfter=No 19 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 18 punct _ Ref=2CH_18:22!13|SpaceAfter=No 20 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 18 punct _ Ref=2CH_18:22!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נָתַן *he has put* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | רוּחַ *a spirit* | | | | דִּבֶּר *he has spoken* | qatal · piel | יהוָה *Yahweh* | רָעָֽה *calamity* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Now therefore, behold, the LORD hath put a lying spirit in the mouth of these thy prophets; and the LORD hath spoken evil concerning thee.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.393/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2CH:369`. - ← previous: [2 Chronicles 18:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.18.21/) - next →: [2 Chronicles 18:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.18.23/) - ↑ back to [2 Chronicles 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/18/)