--- title: 2 Chronicles 18:23 — Then Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah came near, and smote Micaiah upon… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah came near, and smote Micaiah upon the check, and said: 'Which way went the spirit of the LORD from me to speak unto thee?' Who acts: Zedekiah. 2 Chronicles 18:23 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.18.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [2 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/18/) / 18:23 # 2 Chronicles 18:23 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב **Who acts:** Zedekiah · **What happens:** come near, smote, say, go, speak · **To what, where:** Micaiah, way · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Chronicles 18:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Zedekiah — and what happens in the verse to Micaiah, way, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּגַּשׁ֙ צִדְקִיָּ֣הוּ בֶֽן־כְּנַעֲנָ֔ה וַיַּ֥ךְ אֶת־מִיכָ֖יְהוּ עַל־הַלֶּ֑חִי וַיֹּ֗אמֶר אֵ֣י זֶ֤ה הַדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ עָבַ֧ר רֽוּחַ־יְהוָ֛ה מֵאִתִּ֖י לְדַבֵּ֥ר אֹתָֽךְ׃ [Then Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah came near, and smote Micaiah upon the check, and said: 'Which way went the spirit of the LORD from me to speak unto thee?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.394/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2CH:370 # text = וַיִּגַּשׁ֙ צִדְקִיָּ֣הוּ בֶֽן־כְּנַעֲנָ֔ה וַיַּ֥ךְ אֶת־מִיכָ֖יְהוּ עַל־הַלֶּ֑חִי וַיֹּ֗אמֶר אֵ֣י זֶ֤ה הַדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ עָבַ֧ר רֽוּחַ־יְהוָ֛ה מֵאִתִּ֖י לְדַבֵּ֥ר אֹתָֽךְ׃ # verse = 2CH.18.23 1-2 וַיִּגַּשׁ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_18:23!1|MId=o140180230011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּגַּשׁ֙ נָגַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.drew.near|Ref=2CH_18:23!1|MId=o140180230012|Strong=5066|Frame=A0:140180230021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 צִדְקִיָּ֣הוּ צִדְקִיָּהוּ PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Zedekiah|Ref=2CH_18:23!2|MId=o140180230021|Strong=6667a 4 בֶֽן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=2CH_18:23!3|MId=o140180230031|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 5 כְּנַעֲנָ֔ה כְּנַעֲנָה PROPN _ _ 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Kenaanah|Ref=2CH_18:23!4|MId=o140180230041|Strong=3668 6-7 וַיַּ֥ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_18:23!5|MId=o140180230051|Strong=2050b 7 יַּ֥ךְ נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.struck|Ref=2CH_18:23!5|MId=o140180230052|Strong=5221|Frame=AA:140180230021;A0:140180230071;|Type=wayyiqtol 8 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2CH_18:23!6|MId=o140180230061|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 9 מִיכָ֖יְהוּ מִיכָיְהוּ PROPN _ _ 7 obj _ Gloss=Micaiah|Ref=2CH_18:23!7|MId=o140180230071|Strong=4321 10 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2CH_18:23!8|MId=o140180230081|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 11-12 הַלֶּ֑חִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2CH_18:23!9|MId=o140180230091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 לֶּ֑חִי לְחִי NOUN _ Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=cheek|Ref=2CH_18:23!9|MId=o140180230092|Strong=3895 13-14 וַיֹּ֗אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_18:23!10|MId=o140180230101|Strong=2050b 14 יֹּ֗אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2CH_18:23!10|MId=o140180230102|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:140180230021;|Type=wayyiqtol 15 אֵ֣י אַי PART _ _ 14 ccomp _ Gloss=where?|Ref=2CH_18:23!11|MId=o140180230111|Strong=0335|Type=interrogative 16 זֶ֤ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 15 nsubj _ Gloss=this|Ref=2CH_18:23!12|MId=o140180230121|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 17-18 הַדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=[is].the|Ref=2CH_18:23!13|MId=o140180230131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 דֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 16 appos _ Gloss=way|Ref=2CH_18:23!13|MId=o140180230132|Strong=1870 19 עָבַ֧ר עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 18 acl _ Gloss=[which].it.passed.on|Ref=2CH_18:23!14|MId=o140180230141|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:140180230151;|Type=qatal 20 רֽוּחַ־ רוּחַ NOUN _ Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ Gloss=the.spirit|Ref=2CH_18:23!15|MId=o140180230151|Strong=7307|SpaceAfter=No 21 יְהוָ֛ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=2CH_18:23!16|MId=o140180230161|Strong=3068 22-24 מֵאִתִּ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2CH_18:23!17|MId=o140180230171|Strong=4480 23 אִתּ אֵת ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2CH_18:23!17|MId=o140180230172|Strong=0854 24 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=2CH_18:23!17|MId=o140180230173|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 25-26 לְדַבֵּ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_18:23!18|MId=o140180230181|Strong=3807a 26 דַבֵּ֥ר דָבַר VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 19 advcl _ Gloss=speak|Ref=2CH_18:23!18|MId=o140180230182|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:140180230151;|Type=infinitive_construct 27-28 אֹתָֽךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2CH_18:23!19|MId=o140180230191|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 28 ָֽךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 26 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=2CH_18:23!19|MId=o140180230192|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=2CH_18:23!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּגַּשׁ *he drew near* | wayyiqtol · qal | צִדְקִיָּהוּ *Zedekiah* | | | | | יַּךְ *he struck* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | מִיכָיְהוּ *Micaiah* | | | צִדְקִיָּהוּ *Zedekiah* | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | צִדְקִיָּהוּ *Zedekiah* | | | | | עָבַר *\[which\] it passed on* | qatal · qal | רֽוּחַ־ *the spirit* | | | | | דַבֵּר *speak* | infinitive construct · piel | רֽוּחַ־ *the spirit* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah came near, and smote Micaiah upon the check, and said: 'Which way went the spirit of the LORD from me to speak unto thee?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.394/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2CH:370`. - ← previous: [2 Chronicles 18:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.18.22/) - next →: [2 Chronicles 18:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.18.24/) - ↑ back to [2 Chronicles 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/18/)