--- title: 2 Chronicles 20:12 — O our God, wilt Thou not execute judgment on them? for we have no mi… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: O our God, wilt Thou not execute judgment on them? for we have no might against this great multitude that cometh against us; neither know we what to do; but our eyes are upon Thee.' Who acts: Thou, we, great multitude, eyes. 2 Chronicles 20:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pra --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [2 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/20/) / 20:12 # 2 Chronicles 20:12 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב **Who acts:** Thou, we, great multitude, eyes · **What happens:** not execute, have, come, know, do, be · **To what, where:** judgment, might · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Chronicles 20:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Thou, we, great multitude, eyes — and what happens in the verse to judgment, might, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אֱלֹהֵ֙ינוּ֙ הֲלֹ֣א תִשְׁפָּט־בָּ֔ם כִּ֣י אֵ֥ין בָּ֙נוּ֙ כֹּ֔חַ לִ֠פְנֵי הֶהָמ֥וֹן הָרָ֛ב הַזֶּ֖ה הַבָּ֣א עָלֵ֑ינוּ וַאֲנַ֗חְנוּ לֹ֤א נֵדַע֙ מַֽה־נַּעֲשֶׂ֔ה כִּ֥י עָלֶ֖יךָ עֵינֵֽינוּ׃ [O our God, wilt Thou not execute judgment on them? for we have no might against this great multitude that cometh against us; neither know we what to do; but our eyes are upon Thee.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.430/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2CH:404 # text = אֱלֹהֵ֙ינוּ֙ הֲלֹ֣א תִשְׁפָּט־בָּ֔ם כִּ֣י אֵ֥ין בָּ֙נוּ֙ כֹּ֔חַ לִ֠פְנֵי הֶהָמ֥וֹן הָרָ֛ב הַזֶּ֖ה הַבָּ֣א עָלֵ֑ינוּ וַאֲנַ֗חְנוּ לֹ֤א נֵדַע֙ מַֽה־נַּעֲשֶׂ֔ה כִּ֥י עָלֶ֖יךָ עֵינֵֽינוּ׃ # verse = 2CH.20.12 1-2 אֱלֹהֵ֙ינוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 אֱלֹהֵ֙י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 dislocated _ Gloss=our.God|Ref=2CH_20:12!1|MId=o140200120011|Strong=0430 2 נוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 1 nmod:poss _ Gloss=O|Ref=2CH_20:12!1|MId=o140200120012|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 3-4 הֲלֹ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 5 advmod _ Gloss=?|Ref=2CH_20:12!2|MId=o140200120021|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 4 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 5 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=2CH_20:12!2|MId=o140200120022|Strong=3808|Type=negative 5 תִשְׁפָּט־ שָׁפַט VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=will.you.enter.into.judgment|Ref=2CH_20:12!3|MId=o140200120031|Strong=8199|Frame=A0:140200070031;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 6-7 בָּ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2CH_20:12!4|MId=o140200120041|Strong=0871a 7 ָ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=2CH_20:12!4|MId=o140200120042|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 8 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 9 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=2CH_20:12!5|MId=o140200120051|Strong=3588 9 אֵ֥ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 5 advcl _ Gloss=there.[is].not|Ref=2CH_20:12!6|MId=o140200120061|Strong=0369|Type=negative 10-11 בָּ֙נוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2CH_20:12!7|MId=o140200120071|Strong=0871a 11 ָ֙נוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 9 obl _ Gloss=us|Ref=2CH_20:12!7|MId=o140200120072|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 12 כֹּ֔חַ כֹּחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=strength|Ref=2CH_20:12!8|MId=o140200120081|Strong=3581 13-14 לִ֠פְנֵי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לִ֠ לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=2CH_20:12!9|MId=o140200120091|Strong=3807a 14 פְנֵי פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 9 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=2CH_20:12!9|MId=o140200120092|Strong=6440 15-16 הֶהָמ֥וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הֶ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2CH_20:12!10|MId=o140200120101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 הָמ֥וֹן הָמוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=multitude|Ref=2CH_20:12!10|MId=o140200120102|Strong=1995 17-18 הָרָ֛ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2CH_20:12!11|MId=o140200120111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 רָ֛ב רַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=2CH_20:12!11|MId=o140200120112|Strong=7227|Type=adjective 19-20 הַזֶּ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2CH_20:12!12|MId=o140200120121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 זֶּ֖ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 16 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=2CH_20:12!12|MId=o140200120122|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 21-22 הַבָּ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 22 mark _ Gloss=[which|Ref=2CH_20:12!13|MId=o140200120131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 בָּ֣א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 16 appos _ Gloss=is].coming|Ref=2CH_20:12!13|MId=o140200120132|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:140200120102;|Type=participle_active 23-24 עָלֵ֑ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 עָלֵ֑י עַל ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2CH_20:12!14|MId=o140200120141|Strong=5921 24 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 obl _ Gloss=us|Ref=2CH_20:12!14|MId=o140200120142|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 25-26 וַאֲנַ֗חְנוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_20:12!15|MId=o140200120151|Strong=2050b 26 אֲנַ֗חְנוּ אֲנַחְנוּ PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ Gloss=we|Ref=2CH_20:12!15|MId=o140200120152|Strong=0587|Type=personal 27 לֹ֤א לֹא ADV _ _ 28 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=2CH_20:12!16|MId=o140200120161|Strong=3808|Type=negative 28 נֵדַע֙ יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 5 conj _ Gloss=we.know|Ref=2CH_20:12!17|MId=o140200120171|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:140200120152;A1:140200120191;|Type=yiqtol 29 מַֽה־ מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 30 obj _ Gloss=what?|Ref=2CH_20:12!18|MId=o140200120181|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative|SpaceAfter=No 30 נַּעֲשֶׂ֔ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 28 ccomp _ Gloss=will.we.do|Ref=2CH_20:12!19|MId=o140200120191|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:140200050021;140200050032;A1:140200120181;|Type=yiqtol 31 כִּ֥י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 33 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=2CH_20:12!20|MId=o140200120201|Strong=3588 32-33 עָלֶ֖יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 עָלֶ֖י עַל ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=[are].on|Ref=2CH_20:12!21|MId=o140200120211|Strong=5921 33 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 5 advcl _ Gloss=you|Ref=2CH_20:12!21|MId=o140200120212|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 34-35 עֵינֵֽינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 עֵינֵֽי עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 33 nsubj _ Gloss=eyes|Ref=2CH_20:12!22|MId=o140200120221|Strong=5869 35 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=2CH_20:12!22|MId=o140200120222|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 36 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 35 punct _ Ref=2CH_20:12!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes - indirect: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** תִשְׁפָּט־ *will you enter into judgment* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | בָּא *is\] coming* | participle active · qal | הָמוֹן *multitude* | | | | | **not** נֵדַע *we know* | yiqtol · qal | אֲנַחְנוּ *we* | נַּעֲשֶׂה *will we do* | | | | נַּעֲשֶׂה *will we do* | yiqtol · qal | | מַֽה־ *what?* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [O our God, wilt Thou not execute judgment on them? for we have no might against this great multitude that cometh against us; neither know we what to do; but our eyes are upon Thee.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.430/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2CH:404`. - ← previous: [2 Chronicles 20:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.11/) - next →: [2 Chronicles 20:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.13/) - ↑ back to [2 Chronicles 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/20/)