--- title: 2 Chronicles 20:15 — and he said: 'Hearken ye, all Judah, and ye inhabitants of Jerusalem… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and he said: 'Hearken ye, all Judah, and ye inhabitants of Jerusalem, and thou king Jehoshaphat: thus saith the LORD unto you: Fear not ye, neither be dismayed by reason of this great multitude; for the battle is not yours, but God's. Who acts: spirit, ye, LORD, reason. 2 Chronicles 20:15 in Hebrew --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [2 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/20/) / 20:15 # 2 Chronicles 20:15 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב **Who acts:** spirit, ye, LORD, reason, battle · **What happens:** say, hearken, not fear, dismay, not be · **To what, where:** yours · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Chronicles 20:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — spirit, ye, LORD, reason, battle — and what happens in the verse to yours, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הַקְשִׁ֤יבוּ כָל־יְהוּדָה֙ וְיֹשְׁבֵ֣י יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם וְהַמֶּ֖לֶךְ יְהוֹשָׁפָ֑ט כֹּֽה־אָמַ֨ר יְהוָ֜ה לָכֶ֗ם אַ֠תֶּם אַל־תִּֽירְא֤וּ וְאַל־תֵּחַ֙תּוּ֙ מִפְּנֵ֨י הֶהָמ֤וֹן הָרָב֙ הַזֶּ֔ה כִּ֣י לֹ֥א לָכֶ֛ם הַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה כִּ֥י לֵאלֹהִֽים׃ [and he said: 'Hearken ye, all Judah, and ye inhabitants of Jerusalem, and thou king Jehoshaphat: thus saith the LORD unto you: Fear not ye, neither be dismayed by reason of this great multitude; for the battle is not yours, but God's.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.433/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2CH:407 # text = וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הַקְשִׁ֤יבוּ כָל־יְהוּדָה֙ וְיֹשְׁבֵ֣י יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם וְהַמֶּ֖לֶךְ יְהוֹשָׁפָ֑ט כֹּֽה־אָמַ֨ר יְהוָ֜ה לָכֶ֗ם אַ֠תֶּם אַל־תִּֽירְא֤וּ וְאַל־תֵּחַ֙תּוּ֙ מִפְּנֵ֨י הֶהָמ֤וֹן הָרָב֙ הַזֶּ֔ה כִּ֣י לֹ֥א לָכֶ֛ם הַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה כִּ֥י לֵאלֹהִֽים׃ # verse = 2CH.20.15 1-2 וַיֹּ֗אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_20:15!1|MId=o140200150011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֗אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2CH_20:15!1|MId=o140200150012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:140200140012;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 הַקְשִׁ֤יבוּ קָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=pay.attention|Ref=2CH_20:15!2|MId=o140200150021|Strong=7181|Frame=A0:140200150041;140200150052;140200150073;|Type=imperative 4 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 parataxis _ Gloss=O.all|Ref=2CH_20:15!3|MId=o140200150031|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 5 יְהוּדָה֙ יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Judah|Ref=2CH_20:15!4|MId=o140200150041|Strong=3063 6-7 וְיֹשְׁבֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_20:15!5|MId=o140200150051|Strong=2050b 7 יֹשְׁבֵ֣י יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 4 conj _ Gloss=the.inhabitants|Ref=2CH_20:15!5|MId=o140200150052|Strong=3427|Type=participle_active 8 יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Jerusalem|Ref=2CH_20:15!6|MId=o140200150061|Strong=3389 9-11 וְהַמֶּ֖לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_20:15!7|MId=o140200150071|Strong=2050b 10 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2CH_20:15!7|MId=o140200150072|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 מֶּ֖לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=king|Ref=2CH_20:15!7|MId=o140200150073|Strong=4428 12 יְהוֹשָׁפָ֑ט יְהוֹשָׁפָט PROPN _ _ 11 appos _ Gloss=Jehoshaphat|Ref=2CH_20:15!8|MId=o140200150081|Strong=3092 13 כֹּֽה־ כֹּה ADV _ _ 14 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=2CH_20:15!9|MId=o140200150091|Strong=3541|SpaceAfter=No 14 אָמַ֨ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 parataxis _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=2CH_20:15!10|MId=o140200150101|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:140200150111;|Type=qatal 15 יְהוָ֜ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 14 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=2CH_20:15!11|MId=o140200150111|Strong=3068 16-17 לָכֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 ל לְ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_20:15!12|MId=o140200150121|Strong=3807a 17 ָכֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=2CH_20:15!12|MId=o140200150122|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 18 אַ֠תֶּם אַתֶּם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=2CH_20:15!13|MId=o140200150131|Strong=0859a|Type=personal 19 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 20 advmod _ Gloss=do.not|Ref=2CH_20:15!14|MId=o140200150141|Strong=0408|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 20 תִּֽירְא֤וּ יָרֵא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 14 ccomp _ Gloss=be.afraid|Ref=2CH_20:15!15|MId=o140200150151|Strong=3372|Frame=A0:140200150131;|Type=jussive 21-22 וְאַל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_20:15!16|MId=o140200150161|Strong=2050b 22 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 23 advmod _ Gloss=do.not|Ref=2CH_20:15!16|MId=o140200150162|Strong=0408|Type=negative 23 תֵּחַ֙תּוּ֙ חָתַת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 20 conj _ Gloss=be.dismayed|Ref=2CH_20:15!17|MId=o140200150171|Strong=2865|Frame=A0:140200150041;140200150052;140200150073;|Type=jussive 24-25 מִפְּנֵ֨י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=because|Ref=2CH_20:15!18|MId=o140200150181|Strong=4480 25 פְּנֵ֨י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 23 obl _ Gloss=of|Ref=2CH_20:15!18|MId=o140200150182|Strong=6440 26-27 הֶהָמ֤וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הֶ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2CH_20:15!19|MId=o140200150191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 הָמ֤וֹן הָמוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=multitude|Ref=2CH_20:15!19|MId=o140200150192|Strong=1995 28-29 הָרָב֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2CH_20:15!20|MId=o140200150201|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 רָב֙ רַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=2CH_20:15!20|MId=o140200150202|Strong=7227|Type=adjective 30-31 הַזֶּ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 31 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2CH_20:15!21|MId=o140200150211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 31 זֶּ֔ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 27 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=2CH_20:15!21|MId=o140200150212|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 32 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 35 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=2CH_20:15!22|MId=o140200150221|Strong=3588 33 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 35 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=2CH_20:15!23|MId=o140200150231|Strong=3808|Type=negative 34-35 לָכֶ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 ל לְ ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=[belongs].to|Ref=2CH_20:15!24|MId=o140200150241|Strong=3807a 35 ָכֶ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 20 advcl _ Gloss=you|Ref=2CH_20:15!24|MId=o140200150242|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 36-37 הַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 37 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2CH_20:15!25|MId=o140200150251|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 37 מִּלְחָמָ֖ה מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 35 nsubj _ Gloss=battle|Ref=2CH_20:15!25|MId=o140200150252|Strong=4421 38 כִּ֥י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 40 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=2CH_20:15!26|MId=o140200150261|Strong=3588 39-40 לֵאלֹהִֽים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 לֵ לְ ADP _ _ 40 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_20:15!27|MId=o140200150271|Strong=3807a 40 אלֹהִֽים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 20 advcl _ Gloss=God|Ref=2CH_20:15!27|MId=o140200150272|Strong=0430 41 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 40 punct _ Ref=2CH_20:15!27 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | הַקְשִׁיבוּ *pay attention* | imperative · hiphil | יְהוּדָה *Judah* + יֹשְׁבֵי *the inhabitants* + מֶּלֶךְ *king* | | | | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | **not** תִּֽירְאוּ *be afraid* | jussive · qal | אַתֶּם *you* | | | | | **not** תֵּחַתּוּ *be dismayed* | jussive · niphal | יְהוּדָה *Judah* + יֹשְׁבֵי *the inhabitants* + מֶּלֶךְ *king* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and he said: 'Hearken ye, all Judah, and ye inhabitants of Jerusalem, and thou king Jehoshaphat: thus saith the LORD unto you: Fear not ye, neither be dismayed by reason of this great multitude; for the battle is not yours, but God's.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.433/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2CH:407`. - ← previous: [2 Chronicles 20:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.14/) - next →: [2 Chronicles 20:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.16/) - ↑ back to [2 Chronicles 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/20/)