--- title: 2 Chronicles 20:23 — For the children of Ammon and Moab stood up against the inhabitants… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: For the children of Ammon and Moab stood up against the inhabitants of mount Seir, utterly to slay and destroy them; and when they had made an end of the inhabitants of Seir, every one helped to destroy another. Who acts: children, one. 2 Chronicles 20:23 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [2 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/20/) / 20:23 # 2 Chronicles 20:23 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב **Who acts:** children, one · **What happens:** stand up, slay, destroy, make, help · **To what, where:** inhabitants, children, end, another This is 2 Chronicles 20:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — children, one — and what happens in the verse to inhabitants, children, end, another, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַ֠יַּֽעַמְדוּ בְּנֵ֨י עַמּ֧וֹן וּמוֹאָ֛ב עַל־יֹשְׁבֵ֥י הַר־שֵׂעִ֖יר לְהַחֲרִ֣ים וּלְהַשְׁמִ֑יד וּכְכַלּוֹתָם֙ בְּיוֹשְׁבֵ֣י שֵׂעִ֔יר עָזְר֥וּ אִישׁ־בְּרֵעֵ֖הוּ לְמַשְׁחִֽית׃ [For the children of Ammon and Moab stood up against the inhabitants of mount Seir, utterly to slay and destroy them; and when they had made an end of the inhabitants of Seir, every one helped to destroy another.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.441/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2CH:415 # text = וַ֠יַּֽעַמְדוּ בְּנֵ֨י עַמּ֧וֹן וּמוֹאָ֛ב עַל־יֹשְׁבֵ֥י הַר־שֵׂעִ֖יר לְהַחֲרִ֣ים וּלְהַשְׁמִ֑יד וּכְכַלּוֹתָם֙ בְּיוֹשְׁבֵ֣י שֵׂעִ֔יר עָזְר֥וּ אִישׁ־בְּרֵעֵ֖הוּ לְמַשְׁחִֽית׃ # verse = 2CH.20.23 1-2 וַ֠יַּֽעַמְדוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ֠ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_20:23!1|MId=o140200230011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּֽעַמְדוּ עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.rose.up|Ref=2CH_20:23!1|MId=o140200230012|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:140200230021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 בְּנֵ֨י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=2CH_20:23!2|MId=o140200230021|Strong=1121 4 עַמּ֧וֹן עַמּוֹן PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ammon|Ref=2CH_20:23!3|MId=o140200230031|Strong=5983 5-6 וּמוֹאָ֛ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_20:23!4|MId=o140200230041|Strong=2050b 6 מוֹאָ֛ב מוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 4 conj _ Gloss=Moab|Ref=2CH_20:23!4|MId=o140200230042|Strong=4124 7 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2CH_20:23!5|MId=o140200230051|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 8 יֹשְׁבֵ֥י יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 2 advcl _ Gloss=the.inhabitants|Ref=2CH_20:23!6|MId=o140200230061|Strong=3427|Type=participle_active 9 הַר־ הַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.mountain|Ref=2CH_20:23!7|MId=o140200230071|Strong=2022|SpaceAfter=No 10 שֵׂעִ֖יר שֵׂעִיר PROPN _ _ 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Seir|Ref=2CH_20:23!8|MId=o140200230081|Strong=8165 11-12 לְהַחֲרִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_20:23!9|MId=o140200230091|Strong=3807a 12 הַחֲרִ֣ים חָרַם VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 2 advcl _ Gloss=totally.destroy.[them]|Ref=2CH_20:23!9|MId=o140200230092|Strong=2763|Frame=AA:140200230021;A0:140200230061;|Type=infinitive_construct 13-15 וּלְהַשְׁמִ֑יד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_20:23!10|MId=o140200230101|Strong=2050b 14 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_20:23!10|MId=o140200230102|Strong=3807a 15 הַשְׁמִ֑יד שָׁמַד VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 12 conj _ Gloss=destroy.[them]|Ref=2CH_20:23!10|MId=o140200230103|Strong=8045|Frame=AA:140200230021;A0:140200230061;|Type=infinitive_construct 16-19 וּכְכַלּוֹתָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_20:23!11|MId=o140200230111|Strong=2050b 17 כְ כְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=just|Ref=2CH_20:23!11|MId=o140200230112|Strong=3509a 18 כַלּוֹת כָּלָה VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 23 advcl _ Gloss=as|Ref=2CH_20:23!11|MId=o140200230113|Strong=3615|Frame=A0:140200230114;|Type=infinitive_construct 19 ָם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ Gloss=they.had.finished|Ref=2CH_20:23!11|MId=o140200230114|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 20-21 בְּיוֹשְׁבֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2CH_20:23!12|MId=o140200230121|Strong=0871a 21 יוֹשְׁבֵ֣י יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 18 xcomp _ Gloss=the.inhabitants|Ref=2CH_20:23!12|MId=o140200230122|Strong=3427|Type=participle_active 22 שֵׂעִ֔יר שֵׂעִיר PROPN _ _ 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Seir|Ref=2CH_20:23!13|MId=o140200230131|Strong=8165 23 עָזְר֥וּ עָזַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.helped|Ref=2CH_20:23!14|MId=o140200230141|Strong=5826|Frame=A0:140200230021;|Type=qatal 24 אִישׁ־ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=each|Ref=2CH_20:23!15|MId=o140200230151|Strong=0376|SpaceAfter=No 25-27 בְּרֵעֵ֖הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2CH_20:23!16|MId=o140200230161|Strong=0871a 26 רֵע רֵעַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 nmod _ Gloss=neighbor|Ref=2CH_20:23!16|MId=o140200230162|Strong=7453 27 ֵ֖הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2CH_20:23!16|MId=o140200230163|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 28-29 לְמַשְׁחִֽית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_20:23!17|MId=o140200230171|Strong=3807a 29 מַשְׁחִֽית מַשְׁחִית NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=destruction|Ref=2CH_20:23!17|MId=o140200230172|Strong=4889 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=2CH_20:23!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּֽעַמְדוּ *they rose up* | wayyiqtol · qal | בְּנֵי *the people* | | | | | הַחֲרִים *totally destroy \[them\]* | infinitive construct · hiphil | יֹשְׁבֵי *the inhabitants* | | | בְּנֵי *the people* | | הַשְׁמִיד *destroy \[them\]* | infinitive construct · hiphil | יֹשְׁבֵי *the inhabitants* | | | בְּנֵי *the people* | | כַלּוֹת *as* | infinitive construct · piel | ָם *they had finished* | | | | | עָזְרוּ *they helped* | qatal · qal | בְּנֵי *the people* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [For the children of Ammon and Moab stood up against the inhabitants of mount Seir, utterly to slay and destroy them; and when they had made an end of the inhabitants of Seir, every one helped to destroy another.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.441/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2CH:415`. - ← previous: [2 Chronicles 20:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.22/) - next →: [2 Chronicles 20:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.24/) - ↑ back to [2 Chronicles 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/20/)