--- title: 2 Chronicles 20:24 — And when Judah came to the watch-tower of the wilderness, they looke… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And when Judah came to the watch-tower of the wilderness, they looked upon the multitude; and, behold, they were dead bodies fallen to the earth, and there were none that escaped. Who acts: Judah, children, dead bodies, none. 2 Chronicles 20:24 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.24/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [2 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/20/) / 20:24 # 2 Chronicles 20:24 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב **Who acts:** Judah, children, dead bodies, none · **What happens:** come, look, be, fall, escape · **To what, where:** watch tower, dead bodies This is 2 Chronicles 20:24 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Judah, children, dead bodies, none — and what happens in the verse to watch tower, dead bodies, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וִֽיהוּדָ֛ה בָּ֥א עַל־הַמִּצְפֶּ֖ה לַמִּדְבָּ֑ר וַיִּפְנוּ֙ אֶל־הֶ֣הָמ֔וֹן וְהִנָּ֧ם פְּגָרִ֛ים נֹפְלִ֥ים אַ֖רְצָה וְאֵ֥ין פְּלֵיטָֽה׃ [And when Judah came to the watch-tower of the wilderness, they looked upon the multitude; and, behold, they were dead bodies fallen to the earth, and there were none that escaped.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.442/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2CH:416 # text = וִֽיהוּדָ֛ה בָּ֥א עַל־הַמִּצְפֶּ֖ה לַמִּדְבָּ֑ר וַיִּפְנוּ֙ אֶל־הֶ֣הָמ֔וֹן וְהִנָּ֧ם פְּגָרִ֛ים נֹפְלִ֥ים אַ֖רְצָה וְאֵ֥ין פְּלֵיטָֽה׃ # verse = 2CH.20.24 1-2 וִֽיהוּדָ֛ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וִֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_20:24!1|MId=o140200240011|Strong=2050b 2 יהוּדָ֛ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 3 nsubj _ Gloss=Judah|Ref=2CH_20:24!1|MId=o140200240012|Strong=3063 3 בָּ֥א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.came|Ref=2CH_20:24!2|MId=o140200240021|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:140200240012;|Type=qatal 4 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_20:24!3|MId=o140200240031|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 הַמִּצְפֶּ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2CH_20:24!4|MId=o140200240041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 מִּצְפֶּ֖ה מִצְפֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 obl _ Gloss=watchtower|Ref=2CH_20:24!4|MId=o140200240042|Strong=4707 7-9 לַמִּדְבָּ֑ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=2CH_20:24!5|MId=o140200240051|Strong=3807a 8 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2CH_20:24!5|MId=o140200240051ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 מִּדְבָּ֑ר מִדְבָּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 nmod _ Gloss=wilderness|Ref=2CH_20:24!5|MId=o140200240052|Strong=4057 10-11 וַיִּפְנוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_20:24!6|MId=o140200240061|Strong=2050b 11 יִּפְנוּ֙ פָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=they.turned|Ref=2CH_20:24!6|MId=o140200240062|Strong=6437|Frame=A0:140200240012;|Type=wayyiqtol 12 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_20:24!7|MId=o140200240071|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 13-14 הֶ֣הָמ֔וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הֶ֣ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2CH_20:24!8|MId=o140200240081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 הָמ֔וֹן הָמוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=multitude|Ref=2CH_20:24!8|MId=o140200240082|Strong=1995 15-17 וְהִנָּ֧ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_20:24!9|MId=o140200240091|Strong=2050b 16 הִנּ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 18 nsubj _ Gloss=there|Ref=2CH_20:24!9|MId=o140200240092|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 17 ָ֧ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ Gloss=they|Ref=2CH_20:24!9|MId=o140200240093|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 18 פְּגָרִ֛ים פֶּגֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 conj _ Gloss=[were].corpses|Ref=2CH_20:24!10|MId=o140200240101|Strong=6297 19 נֹפְלִ֥ים נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 18 acl:relcl _ Gloss=fallen|Ref=2CH_20:24!11|MId=o140200240111|Strong=5307|Frame=A0:140200240101;|Type=participle_active 20-21 אַ֖רְצָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 אַ֖רְצ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 19 obl _ Gloss=ground|Ref=2CH_20:24!12|MId=o140200240121|Strong=0776 21 ָה ה X _ _ 20 nmod _ Gloss=to.[the]|Ref=2CH_20:24!12|MId=o140200240122|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 22-23 וְאֵ֥ין _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_20:24!13|MId=o140200240131|Strong=2050b 23 אֵ֥ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 3 conj _ Gloss=there.[was].not|Ref=2CH_20:24!13|MId=o140200240132|Strong=0369|Type=negative 24 פְּלֵיטָֽה פְּלֵיטָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ Gloss=an.escaped.remnant|Ref=2CH_20:24!14|MId=o140200240141|Strong=6413|SpaceAfter=No 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=2CH_20:24!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** בָּא *it came* | qatal · qal | יהוּדָה *Judah* | | | | | יִּפְנוּ *they turned* | wayyiqtol · qal | יהוּדָה *Judah* | | | | | נֹפְלִים *fallen* | participle active · qal | פְּגָרִים *\[were\] corpses* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And when Judah came to the watch-tower of the wilderness, they looked upon the multitude; and, behold, they were dead bodies fallen to the earth, and there were none that escaped.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.442/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2CH:416`. - ← previous: [2 Chronicles 20:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.23/) - next →: [2 Chronicles 20:25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.25/) - ↑ back to [2 Chronicles 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/20/)