--- title: 2 Chronicles 20:25 — And when Jehoshaphat and his people came to take the spoil of them,… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And when Jehoshaphat and his people came to take the spoil of them, they found among them in abundance both riches and dead bodies, and precious jewels, which they stripped off for themselves, more than they could carry away; and they were three days in taking the spoil, it was so much. Who acts: Je --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.25/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [2 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/20/) / 20:25 # 2 Chronicles 20:25 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב **Who acts:** Jehoshaphat, children, spoil · **What happens:** come, take, find, strip off, carry away, be · **To what, where:** spoil, abundance, precious jewels, three days, children This is 2 Chronicles 20:25 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jehoshaphat, children, spoil — and what happens in the verse to spoil, abundance, precious jewels, three days, children, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּבֹ֨א יְהוֹשָׁפָ֣ט וְעַמּוֹ֮ לָבֹ֣ז אֶת־שְׁלָלָם֒ וַיִּמְצְאוּ֩ בָהֶ֨ם לָרֹ֜ב וּרְכ֤וּשׁ וּפְגָרִים֙ וּכְלֵ֣י חֲמֻד֔וֹת וַיְנַצְּל֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם לְאֵ֣ין מַשָּׂ֑א וַיִּֽהְי֞וּ יָמִ֧ים שְׁלוֹשָׁ֛ה בֹּזְזִ֥ים אֶת־הַשָּׁלָ֖ל כִּ֥י רַב־הֽוּא׃ [And when Jehoshaphat and his people came to take the spoil of them, they found among them in abundance both riches and dead bodies, and precious jewels, which they stripped off for themselves, more than they could carry away; and they were three days in taking the spoil, it was so much.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.443/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2CH:417 # text = וַיָּבֹ֨א יְהוֹשָׁפָ֣ט וְעַמּוֹ֮ לָבֹ֣ז אֶת־שְׁלָלָם֒ וַיִּמְצְאוּ֩ בָהֶ֨ם לָרֹ֜ב וּרְכ֤וּשׁ וּפְגָרִים֙ וּכְלֵ֣י חֲמֻד֔וֹת וַיְנַצְּל֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם לְאֵ֣ין מַשָּׂ֑א וַיִּֽהְי֞וּ יָמִ֧ים שְׁלוֹשָׁ֛ה בֹּזְזִ֥ים אֶת־הַשָּׁלָ֖ל כִּ֥י רַב־הֽוּא׃ # verse = 2CH.20.25 1-2 וַיָּבֹ֨א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_20:25!1|MId=o140200250011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּבֹ֨א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.went|Ref=2CH_20:25!1|MId=o140200250012|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:140200250021;140200250032;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יְהוֹשָׁפָ֣ט יְהוֹשָׁפָט PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Jehoshaphat|Ref=2CH_20:25!2|MId=o140200250021|Strong=3092 4-6 וְעַמּוֹ֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_20:25!3|MId=o140200250031|Strong=2050b 5 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 conj _ Gloss=people|Ref=2CH_20:25!3|MId=o140200250032|Strong=5971 6 וֹ֮ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2CH_20:25!3|MId=o140200250033|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 7-8 לָבֹ֣ז _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_20:25!4|MId=o140200250041|Strong=3807a 8 בֹ֣ז בָּזַז VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 advcl _ Gloss=plunder|Ref=2CH_20:25!4|MId=o140200250042|Strong=0962|Frame=A0:140200250021;140200250032;A1:140200250061;|Type=infinitive_construct 9 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2CH_20:25!5|MId=o140200250051|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 10-11 שְׁלָלָם֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 שְׁלָל שָׁלָל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obj _ Gloss=booty|Ref=2CH_20:25!6|MId=o140200250061|Strong=7998 11 ָם֒ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=2CH_20:25!6|MId=o140200250062|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 12-13 וַיִּמְצְאוּ֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_20:25!7|MId=o140200250071|Strong=2050b 13 יִּמְצְאוּ֩ מָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.found|Ref=2CH_20:25!7|MId=o140200250072|Strong=4672|Frame=A0:140200250021;140200250032;A1:140200250102;140200250112;140200250122;|Type=wayyiqtol 14-15 בָהֶ֨ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 ב בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=among|Ref=2CH_20:25!8|MId=o140200250081|Strong=0871a 15 ָהֶ֨ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=2CH_20:25!8|MId=o140200250082|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 16-17 לָרֹ֜ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_20:25!9|MId=o140200250091|Strong=3807a 17 רֹ֜ב רֹב NOUN _ Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=abundance|Ref=2CH_20:25!9|MId=o140200250092|Strong=7230 18-19 וּרְכ֤וּשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_20:25!10|MId=o140200250101|Strong=2050b 19 רְכ֤וּשׁ רְכוּשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obj _ Gloss=property|Ref=2CH_20:25!10|MId=o140200250102|Strong=7399 20-21 וּפְגָרִים֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_20:25!11|MId=o140200250111|Strong=2050b 21 פְגָרִים֙ פֶּגֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 conj _ Gloss=corpses|Ref=2CH_20:25!11|MId=o140200250112|Strong=6297 22-23 וּכְלֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_20:25!12|MId=o140200250121|Strong=2050b 23 כְלֵ֣י כְּלִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 conj _ Gloss=articles|Ref=2CH_20:25!12|MId=o140200250122|Strong=3627 24 חֲמֻד֔וֹת חֲמֻדֹות NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.preciousness(es)|Ref=2CH_20:25!13|MId=o140200250131|Strong=2530a 25-26 וַיְנַצְּל֥וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_20:25!14|MId=o140200250141|Strong=2050b 26 יְנַצְּל֥וּ נָצַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.plundered|Ref=2CH_20:25!14|MId=o140200250142|Strong=5337|Frame=A0:140200250021;140200250032;A1:140200250102;140200250112;140200250122;|Type=wayyiqtol 27-28 לָהֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 ל לְ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=2CH_20:25!15|MId=o140200250151|Strong=3807a 28 ָהֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obl _ Gloss=themselves|Ref=2CH_20:25!15|MId=o140200250152|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 29-30 לְאֵ֣ין _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_20:25!16|MId=o140200250161|Strong=3807a 30 אֵ֣ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 26 obl _ Gloss=there.[was].not|Ref=2CH_20:25!16|MId=o140200250162|Strong=0369|Type=negative 31 מַשָּׂ֑א מַשָּׂא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 nsubj _ Gloss=carrying|Ref=2CH_20:25!17|MId=o140200250171|Strong=4853 32-33 וַיִּֽהְי֞וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 36 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_20:25!18|MId=o140200250181|Strong=2050b 33 יִּֽהְי֞וּ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 36 cop _ Gloss=they.were|Ref=2CH_20:25!18|MId=o140200250182|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:140200250021;140200250032;|Type=wayyiqtol 34 יָמִ֧ים יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 36 obl _ Gloss=days|Ref=2CH_20:25!19|MId=o140200250191|Strong=3117 35 שְׁלוֹשָׁ֛ה שָׁלֹשׁ NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 34 nummod _ Gloss=three|Ref=2CH_20:25!20|MId=o140200250201|Strong=7969|Type=cardinal_number 36 בֹּזְזִ֥ים בָּזַז VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 2 conj _ Gloss=plundering|Ref=2CH_20:25!21|MId=o140200250211|Strong=0962|Frame=A0:140200250021;140200250032;A1:140200250232;|Type=participle_active 37 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 39 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2CH_20:25!22|MId=o140200250221|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 38-39 הַשָּׁלָ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 39 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2CH_20:25!23|MId=o140200250231|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 39 שָּׁלָ֖ל שָׁלָל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 36 obj _ Gloss=booty|Ref=2CH_20:25!23|MId=o140200250232|Strong=7998 40 כִּ֥י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 41 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=2CH_20:25!24|MId=o140200250241|Strong=3588 41 רַב־ רַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 advcl _ Gloss=[was].much|Ref=2CH_20:25!25|MId=o140200250251|Strong=7227|Type=adjective|SpaceAfter=No 42 הֽוּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 41 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=2CH_20:25!26|MId=o140200250261|Strong=1931|Type=personal|SpaceAfter=No 43 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 42 punct _ Ref=2CH_20:25!26 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּבֹא *he went* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוֹשָׁפָט *Jehoshaphat* + עַמּ *people* | | | | | בֹז *plunder* | infinitive construct · qal | יְהוֹשָׁפָט *Jehoshaphat* + עַמּ *people* | שְׁלָל *booty* | | | | יִּמְצְאוּ *they found* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוֹשָׁפָט *Jehoshaphat* + עַמּ *people* | רְכוּשׁ *property* + פְגָרִים *corpses* + כְלֵי *articles* | | | | **not** יְנַצְּלוּ *they plundered* | wayyiqtol · piel | יְהוֹשָׁפָט *Jehoshaphat* + עַמּ *people* | רְכוּשׁ *property* + פְגָרִים *corpses* + כְלֵי *articles* | | | | יִּֽהְיוּ *they were* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוֹשָׁפָט *Jehoshaphat* + עַמּ *people* | | | | | בֹּזְזִים *plundering* | participle active · qal | יְהוֹשָׁפָט *Jehoshaphat* + עַמּ *people* | שָּׁלָל *booty* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And when Jehoshaphat and his people came to take the spoil of them, they found among them in abundance both riches and dead bodies, and precious jewels, which they stripped off for themselves, more than they could carry away; and they were three days in taking the spoil, it was so much.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.443/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2CH:417`. - ← previous: [2 Chronicles 20:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.24/) - next →: [2 Chronicles 20:26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.26/) - ↑ back to [2 Chronicles 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/20/)