--- title: 2 Chronicles 20:3 — And Jehoshaphat feared, and set himself to seek unto the LORD; and h… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Jehoshaphat feared, and set himself to seek unto the LORD; and he proclaimed a fast throughout all Judah. Who acts: Jehoshaphat. 2 Chronicles 20:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [2 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/20/) / 20:3 # 2 Chronicles 20:3 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב **Who acts:** Jehoshaphat · **What happens:** fear, set, seek, proclaim · **To what, where:** Jehoshaphat, fast This is 2 Chronicles 20:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jehoshaphat — and what happens in the verse to Jehoshaphat, fast, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּרָ֕א וַיִּתֵּ֧ן יְהוֹשָׁפָ֛ט אֶת־פָּנָ֖יו לִדְר֣וֹשׁ לַיהוָ֑ה וַיִּקְרָא־צ֖וֹם עַל־כָּל־יְהוּדָֽה׃ [And Jehoshaphat feared, and set himself to seek unto the LORD; and he proclaimed a fast throughout all Judah.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.421/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2CH:395 # text = וַיִּרָ֕א וַיִּתֵּ֧ן יְהוֹשָׁפָ֛ט אֶת־פָּנָ֖יו לִדְר֣וֹשׁ לַיהוָ֑ה וַיִּקְרָא־צ֖וֹם עַל־כָּל־יְהוּדָֽה׃ # verse = 2CH.20.3 1-2 וַיִּרָ֕א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_20:3!1|MId=o140200030011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּרָ֕א יָרֵא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.was.afraid|Ref=2CH_20:3!1|MId=o140200030012|Strong=3372|Frame=A0:140200020032;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 וַיִּתֵּ֧ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_20:3!2|MId=o140200030021|Strong=2050b 4 יִּתֵּ֧ן נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.set|Ref=2CH_20:3!2|MId=o140200030022|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:140200030031;A1:140200030051;|Type=wayyiqtol 5 יְהוֹשָׁפָ֛ט יְהוֹשָׁפָט PROPN _ _ 4 nsubj _ Gloss=Jehoshaphat|Ref=2CH_20:3!3|MId=o140200030031|Strong=3092 6 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2CH_20:3!4|MId=o140200030041|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 7-8 פָּנָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 פָּנָ֖י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 4 obj _ Gloss=face|Ref=2CH_20:3!5|MId=o140200030051|Strong=6440 8 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2CH_20:3!5|MId=o140200030052|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 9-10 לִדְר֣וֹשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_20:3!6|MId=o140200030061|Strong=3807a 10 דְר֣וֹשׁ דָּרַשׁ VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 4 xcomp _ Gloss=seek|Ref=2CH_20:3!6|MId=o140200030062|Strong=1875|Frame=A0:140200030031;|Type=infinitive_construct 11-12 לַיהוָ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=2CH_20:3!7|MId=o140200030071|Strong=3807a 12 יהוָ֑ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 10 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=2CH_20:3!7|MId=o140200030072|Strong=3068 13-14 וַיִּקְרָא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_20:3!8|MId=o140200030081|Strong=2050b 14 יִּקְרָא־ קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.proclaimed|Ref=2CH_20:3!8|MId=o140200030082|Strong=7121|Frame=A0:140200030031;A1:140200030091;|Type=wayyiqtol 15 צ֖וֹם צוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obj _ Gloss=a.fast|Ref=2CH_20:3!9|MId=o140200030091|Strong=6685 16 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=2CH_20:3!10|MId=o140200030101|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 17 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=2CH_20:3!11|MId=o140200030111|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 18 יְהוּדָֽה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Judah|Ref=2CH_20:3!12|MId=o140200030121|Strong=3063|SpaceAfter=No 19 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 18 punct _ Ref=2CH_20:3!12 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּרָא *he was afraid* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יִּתֵּן *he set* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוֹשָׁפָט *Jehoshaphat* | פָּנָי *face* | | | | דְרוֹשׁ *seek* | infinitive construct · qal | יְהוֹשָׁפָט *Jehoshaphat* | | | | | יִּקְרָא־ *he proclaimed* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוֹשָׁפָט *Jehoshaphat* | צוֹם *a fast* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Jehoshaphat feared, and set himself to seek unto the LORD; and he proclaimed a fast throughout all Judah.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.421/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2CH:395`. - ← previous: [2 Chronicles 20:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.2/) - next →: [2 Chronicles 20:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.4/) - ↑ back to [2 Chronicles 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/20/)