--- title: 2 Chronicles 32:17 — He wrote also a letter, to taunt the LORD, the God of Israel, and to… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: He wrote also a letter, to taunt the LORD, the God of Israel, and to speak against Him, saying: 'As the gods of the nations of the lands, which have not delivered their people out of my hand, so shall not the God of Hezekiah deliver His people out of my hand.' Who acts: God, gods. 2 Chronicles 32:17 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.32.17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [2 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/) / [chapter 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/32/) / 32:17 # 2 Chronicles 32:17 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב **Who acts:** God, gods · **What happens:** write, taunt, speak, say, not deliver · **To what, where:** letter, LORD, people, hand · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Chronicles 32:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — God, gods — and what happens in the verse to letter, LORD, people, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּסְפָרִ֣ים כָּתַ֔ב לְחָרֵ֕ף לַיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְלֵֽאמֹ֨ר עָלָ֜יו לֵאמֹ֗ר כֵּֽאלֹהֵ֞י גּוֹיֵ֤ הָאֲרָצוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹא־הִצִּ֤ילוּ עַמָּם֙ מִיָּדִ֔י כֵּ֣ן לֹֽא־יַצִּ֞יל אֱלֹהֵ֧י יְחִזְקִיָּ֛הוּ עַמּ֖וֹ מִיָּדִֽי׃ [He wrote also a letter, to taunt the LORD, the God of Israel, and to speak against Him, saying: 'As the gods of the nations of the lands, which have not delivered their people out of my hand, so shall not the God of Hezekiah deliver His people out of my hand.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.749/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2CH:697 # text = וּסְפָרִ֣ים כָּתַ֔ב לְחָרֵ֕ף לַיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְלֵֽאמֹ֨ר עָלָ֜יו לֵאמֹ֗ר כֵּֽאלֹהֵ֞י גּוֹיֵ֤ הָאֲרָצוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹא־הִצִּ֤ילוּ עַמָּם֙ מִיָּדִ֔י כֵּ֣ן לֹֽא־יַצִּ֞יל אֱלֹהֵ֧י יְחִזְקִיָּ֛הוּ עַמּ֖וֹ מִיָּדִֽי׃ # verse = 2CH.32.17 1-2 וּסְפָרִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_32:17!1|MId=o140320170011|Strong=2050b 2 סְפָרִ֣ים סֵפֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 obj _ Gloss=letters|Ref=2CH_32:17!1|MId=o140320170012|Strong=5612 3 כָּתַ֔ב כָּתַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.wrote|Ref=2CH_32:17!2|MId=o140320170021|Strong=3789|Frame=A0:140320090041;A1:140320170012;|Type=qatal 4-5 לְחָרֵ֕ף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_32:17!3|MId=o140320170031|Strong=3807a 5 חָרֵ֕ף חָרַף VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 3 advcl _ Gloss=taunt|Ref=2CH_32:17!3|MId=o140320170032|Strong=2778|Frame=A0:140320090041;|Type=infinitive_construct 6-7 לַיהוָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=2CH_32:17!4|MId=o140320170041|Strong=3807a 7 יהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 5 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=2CH_32:17!4|MId=o140320170042|Strong=3068 8 אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 appos _ Gloss=the.God|Ref=2CH_32:17!5|MId=o140320170051|Strong=0430 9 יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=2CH_32:17!6|MId=o140320170061|Strong=3478 10-12 וְלֵֽאמֹ֨ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_32:17!7|MId=o140320170071|Strong=2050b 11 לֵֽ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 5 ccomp _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_32:17!7|MId=o140320170072|Strong=3807a 12 אמֹ֨ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 11 fixed _ Gloss=say|Ref=2CH_32:17!7|MId=o140320170073|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:140320090041;|Type=infinitive_construct 13-14 עָלָ֜יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 עָלָ֜י עַל ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2CH_32:17!8|MId=o140320170081|Strong=5921 14 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=2CH_32:17!8|MId=o140320170082|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 15-16 לֵאמֹ֗ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 32 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=2CH_32:17!9|MId=o140320170091|Strong=3807a 16 אמֹ֗ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 15 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=2CH_32:17!9|MId=o140320170092|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:140320090041;|Type=infinitive_construct 17-18 כֵּֽאלֹהֵ֞י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 כֵּֽ כְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=2CH_32:17!10|MId=o140320170101|Strong=3509a 18 אלֹהֵ֞י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 32 obl _ Gloss=the.gods|Ref=2CH_32:17!10|MId=o140320170102|Strong=0430 19 גּוֹיֵ֤ גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.nations|Ref=2CH_32:17!11|MId=o140320170111|Strong=1471 20-21 הָאֲרָצוֹת֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2CH_32:17!12|MId=o140320170121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 אֲרָצוֹת֙ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Plur 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.lands|Ref=2CH_32:17!12|MId=o140320170122|Strong=0776 22 אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 24 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=2CH_32:17!13|MId=o140320170131|Strong=0834|Type=relative 23 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 24 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=2CH_32:17!14|MId=o140320170141|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 24 הִצִּ֤ילוּ נָצַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 18 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.delivered|Ref=2CH_32:17!15|MId=o140320170151|Strong=5337|Frame=AA:140320170102;A0:140320170161;|Type=qatal 25-26 עַמָּם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 obj _ Gloss=people|Ref=2CH_32:17!16|MId=o140320170161|Strong=5971 26 ָם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=2CH_32:17!16|MId=o140320170162|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 27-29 מִיָּדִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2CH_32:17!17|MId=o140320170171|Strong=4480 28 יָּד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 24 obl _ Gloss=hand|Ref=2CH_32:17!17|MId=o140320170172|Strong=3027 29 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=2CH_32:17!17|MId=o140320170173|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 30 כֵּ֣ן כֵּן ADV _ _ 32 advmod _ Gloss=so|Ref=2CH_32:17!18|MId=o140320170181|Strong=3651|Type=demonstrative 31 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 32 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=2CH_32:17!19|MId=o140320170191|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 32 יַצִּ֞יל נָצַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 advcl _ Gloss=he.will.deliver|Ref=2CH_32:17!20|MId=o140320170201|Strong=5337|Frame=AA:140320170211;A0:140320170231;|Type=yiqtol 33 אֱלֹהֵ֧י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 32 nsubj _ Gloss=the.God|Ref=2CH_32:17!21|MId=o140320170211|Strong=0430 34 יְחִזְקִיָּ֛הוּ יְחִזְקִיָּהוּ PROPN _ _ 33 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Hezekiah|Ref=2CH_32:17!22|MId=o140320170221|Strong=3169a 35-36 עַמּ֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 obj _ Gloss=people|Ref=2CH_32:17!23|MId=o140320170231|Strong=5971 36 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2CH_32:17!23|MId=o140320170232|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 37-39 מִיָּדִֽי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 38 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2CH_32:17!24|MId=o140320170241|Strong=4480 38 יָּד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 32 obl _ Gloss=hand|Ref=2CH_32:17!24|MId=o140320170242|Strong=3027 39 ִֽי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 38 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=2CH_32:17!24|MId=o140320170243|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 40 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 39 punct _ Ref=2CH_32:17!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | כָּתַב *he wrote* | qatal · qal | | סְפָרִים *letters* | | | | חָרֵף *taunt* | infinitive construct · piel | | | | | | אמֹר *say* | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | **not** הִצִּילוּ *they delivered* | qatal · hiphil | עַמּ *people* | | | אלֹהֵי *the gods* | | **not** יַצִּיל *he will deliver* | yiqtol · hiphil | עַמּ *people* | | | אֱלֹהֵי *the God* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [He wrote also a letter, to taunt the LORD, the God of Israel, and to speak against Him, saying: 'As the gods of the nations of the lands, which have not delivered their people out of my hand, so shall not the God of Hezekiah deliver His people out of my hand.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.749/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2CH:697`. - ← previous: [2 Chronicles 32:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.32.16/) - next →: [2 Chronicles 32:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.32.18/) - ↑ back to [2 Chronicles 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/32/)