--- title: 2 Chronicles 32:18 — And they cried with a loud voice in the Jews' language unto the peop… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And they cried with a loud voice in the Jews' language unto the people of Jerusalem that were on the wall, to terrify them, and to affright them; that they might take the city. Who acts: people. 2 Chronicles 32:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.32.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [2 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/) / [chapter 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/32/) / 32:18 # 2 Chronicles 32:18 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב **Who acts:** people · **What happens:** cry, be, terrify, affright, take · **To what, where:** language, wall, people, city This is 2 Chronicles 32:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people — and what happens in the verse to language, wall, people, city, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּקְרְא֨וּ בְקוֹל־גָּד֜וֹל יְהוּדִ֗ית עַל־עַ֤ם יְרוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל־הַֽחוֹמָ֔ה לְיָֽרְאָ֖ם וּֽלְבַהֲלָ֑ם לְמַ֖עַן יִלְכְּד֥וּ אֶת־הָעִֽיר׃ [And they cried with a loud voice in the Jews' language unto the people of Jerusalem that were on the wall, to terrify them, and to affright them; that they might take the city.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.750/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2CH:698 # text = וַיִּקְרְא֨וּ בְקוֹל־גָּד֜וֹל יְהוּדִ֗ית עַל־עַ֤ם יְרוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל־הַֽחוֹמָ֔ה לְיָֽרְאָ֖ם וּֽלְבַהֲלָ֑ם לְמַ֖עַן יִלְכְּד֥וּ אֶת־הָעִֽיר׃ # verse = 2CH.32.18 1-2 וַיִּקְרְא֨וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_32:18!1|MId=o140320180011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּקְרְא֨וּ קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.called.out|Ref=2CH_32:18!1|MId=o140320180012|Strong=7121|Frame=A0:140320160031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 בְקוֹל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2CH_32:18!2|MId=o140320180021|Strong=0871a 4 קוֹל־ קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=a.voice|Ref=2CH_32:18!2|MId=o140320180022|Strong=6963 5 גָּד֜וֹל גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=2CH_32:18!3|MId=o140320180031|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 6 יְהוּדִ֗ית יְהוּדִי NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=Judean|Ref=2CH_32:18!4|MId=o140320180041|Strong=3066|Type=gentilic 7 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_32:18!5|MId=o140320180051|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 8 עַ֤ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=2CH_32:18!6|MId=o140320180061|Strong=5971 9 יְרוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Jerusalem|Ref=2CH_32:18!7|MId=o140320180071|Strong=3389 10 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 13 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=2CH_32:18!8|MId=o140320180081|Strong=0834|Type=relative 11 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=[was].on|Ref=2CH_32:18!9|MId=o140320180091|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 הַֽחוֹמָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הַֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2CH_32:18!10|MId=o140320180101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 חוֹמָ֔ה חוֹמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 acl:relcl _ Gloss=wall|Ref=2CH_32:18!10|MId=o140320180102|Strong=2346 14-16 לְיָֽרְאָ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_32:18!11|MId=o140320180111|Strong=3807a 15 יָֽרְא יָרֵא VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 2 advcl _ Gloss=make|Ref=2CH_32:18!11|MId=o140320180112|Strong=3372|Frame=A0:140320160031;A1:140320180113;|Type=infinitive_construct 16 ָ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obj _ Gloss=them.afraid|Ref=2CH_32:18!11|MId=o140320180113|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 17-20 וּֽלְבַהֲלָ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וּֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_32:18!12|MId=o140320180121|Strong=2050b 18 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_32:18!12|MId=o140320180122|Strong=3807a 19 בַהֲל בָּהַל VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 15 conj _ Gloss=terrify|Ref=2CH_32:18!12|MId=o140320180123|Strong=0926|Frame=A0:140320160031;A1:140320180124;|Type=infinitive_construct 20 ָ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=2CH_32:18!12|MId=o140320180124|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 21 לְמַ֖עַן לְמַעַן SCONJ _ _ 22 mark _ Gloss=so.that|Ref=2CH_32:18!13|MId=o140320180131|Strong=4616 22 יִלְכְּד֥וּ לָכַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 ccomp _ Gloss=they.may.capture|Ref=2CH_32:18!14|MId=o140320180141|Strong=3920|Frame=A0:140320160031;A1:140320180162;|Type=yiqtol 23 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2CH_32:18!15|MId=o140320180151|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 24-25 הָעִֽיר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2CH_32:18!16|MId=o140320180161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 עִֽיר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 22 obj _ Gloss=city|Ref=2CH_32:18!16|MId=o140320180162|Strong=5892 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=2CH_32:18!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּקְרְאוּ *they called out* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יָֽרְא *make* | infinitive construct · piel | | ָם *them afraid* | | | | בַהֲל *terrify* | infinitive construct · piel | | ָם *them* | | | | יִלְכְּדוּ *they may capture* | yiqtol · qal | | עִֽיר *city* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And they cried with a loud voice in the Jews' language unto the people of Jerusalem that were on the wall, to terrify them, and to affright them; that they might take the city.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.750/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2CH:698`. - ← previous: [2 Chronicles 32:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.32.17/) - next →: [2 Chronicles 32:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.32.19/) - ↑ back to [2 Chronicles 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/32/)