--- title: 2 Chronicles 34:18 — And Shaphan the scribe told the king, saying: 'Hilkiah the priest ha… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Shaphan the scribe told the king, saying: 'Hilkiah the priest hath delivered me a book.' And Shaphan read therein before the king. Who acts: Shaphan, Hilkiah. 2 Chronicles 34:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.34.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [2 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/) / [chapter 34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/34/) / 34:18 # 2 Chronicles 34:18 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב **Who acts:** Shaphan, Hilkiah · **What happens:** tell, say, deliver, read · **To what, where:** king, book, me · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Chronicles 34:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Shaphan, Hilkiah — and what happens in the verse to king, book, me, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּגֵּ֞ד שָׁפָ֤ן הַסּוֹפֵר֙ לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ לֵאמֹ֔ר סֵ֚פֶר נָ֣תַן לִ֔י חִלְקִיָּ֖הוּ הַכֹּהֵ֑ן וַיִּקְרָא־ב֥וֹ שָׁפָ֖ן לִפְנֵ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ [And Shaphan the scribe told the king, saying: 'Hilkiah the priest hath delivered me a book.' And Shaphan read therein before the king.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.813/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2CH:756 # text = וַיַּגֵּ֞ד שָׁפָ֤ן הַסּוֹפֵר֙ לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ לֵאמֹ֔ר סֵ֚פֶר נָ֣תַן לִ֔י חִלְקִיָּ֖הוּ הַכֹּהֵ֑ן וַיִּקְרָא־ב֥וֹ שָׁפָ֖ן לִפְנֵ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ # verse = 2CH.34.18 1-2 וַיַּגֵּ֞ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_34:18!1|MId=o140340180011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּגֵּ֞ד נָגַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.told|Ref=2CH_34:18!1|MId=o140340180012|Strong=5046|Frame=A0:140340180021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 שָׁפָ֤ן שָׁפָן PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Shaphan|Ref=2CH_34:18!2|MId=o140340180021|Strong=8227a 4-5 הַסּוֹפֵר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2CH_34:18!3|MId=o140340180031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 סּוֹפֵר֙ סֹפֵר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 appos _ Gloss=scribe|Ref=2CH_34:18!3|MId=o140340180032|Strong=5608a 6-8 לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_34:18!4|MId=o140340180041|Strong=3807a 7 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2CH_34:18!4|MId=o140340180041ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 מֶּ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=king|Ref=2CH_34:18!4|MId=o140340180042|Strong=4428 9-10 לֵאמֹ֔ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 12 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=2CH_34:18!5|MId=o140340180051|Strong=3807a 10 אמֹ֔ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 9 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=2CH_34:18!5|MId=o140340180052|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:140340180021;|Type=infinitive_construct 11 סֵ֚פֶר סֵפֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obj _ Gloss=a.scroll|Ref=2CH_34:18!6|MId=o140340180061|Strong=5612 12 נָ֣תַן נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=he.has.given|Ref=2CH_34:18!7|MId=o140340180071|Strong=5414|Frame=A1:140340180061;A0:140340180091;|Type=qatal 13-14 לִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 ל לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_34:18!8|MId=o140340180081|Strong=3807a 14 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 12 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=2CH_34:18!8|MId=o140340180082|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 15 חִלְקִיָּ֖הוּ חִלְקִיָּהוּ PROPN _ _ 12 nsubj _ Gloss=Hilkiah|Ref=2CH_34:18!9|MId=o140340180091|Strong=2518a 16-17 הַכֹּהֵ֑ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2CH_34:18!10|MId=o140340180101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 כֹּהֵ֑ן כֹּהֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 appos _ Gloss=priest|Ref=2CH_34:18!10|MId=o140340180102|Strong=3548 18-19 וַיִּקְרָא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_34:18!11|MId=o140340180111|Strong=2050b 19 יִּקְרָא־ קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.read.aloud|Ref=2CH_34:18!11|MId=o140340180112|Strong=7121|Frame=A0:140340180131;|Type=wayyiqtol 20-21 ב֥וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 ב בְּ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2CH_34:18!12|MId=o140340180121|Strong=0871a 21 ֥וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=2CH_34:18!12|MId=o140340180122|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 22 שָׁפָ֖ן שָׁפָן PROPN _ _ 19 nsubj _ Gloss=Shaphan|Ref=2CH_34:18!13|MId=o140340180131|Strong=8227a 23-24 לִפְנֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=2CH_34:18!14|MId=o140340180141|Strong=3807a 24 פְנֵ֥י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 19 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=2CH_34:18!14|MId=o140340180142|Strong=6440 25-26 הַמֶּֽלֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2CH_34:18!15|MId=o140340180151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 מֶּֽלֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=king|Ref=2CH_34:18!15|MId=o140340180152|Strong=4428 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=2CH_34:18!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּגֵּד *he told* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | שָׁפָן *Shaphan* | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | שָׁפָן *Shaphan* | | | | | נָתַן *he has given* | qatal · qal | חִלְקִיָּהוּ *Hilkiah* | סֵפֶר *a scroll* | | | | יִּקְרָא־ *he read aloud* | wayyiqtol · qal | שָׁפָן *Shaphan* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Shaphan the scribe told the king, saying: 'Hilkiah the priest hath delivered me a book.' And Shaphan read therein before the king.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.813/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2CH:756`. - ← previous: [2 Chronicles 34:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.34.17/) - next →: [2 Chronicles 34:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.34.19/) - ↑ back to [2 Chronicles 34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/34/)