--- title: 2 Chronicles 34:8 — Now in the eighteenth year of his reign, when he had purged the land… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Now in the eighteenth year of his reign, when he had purged the land, and the house, he sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah, and Maaseiah the governor of the city, and Joah the son of Joahaz the recorder, to repair the house of the LORD his God. Who acts: Josiah. 2 Chronicles 34:8 in Hebrew with its dep --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.34.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [2 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/) / [chapter 34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/34/) / 34:8 # 2 Chronicles 34:8 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב **Who acts:** Josiah · **What happens:** purge, send, repair · **To what, where:** land, Shaphan, house This is 2 Chronicles 34:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Josiah — and what happens in the verse to land, Shaphan, house, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּבִשְׁנַ֨ת שְׁמוֹנֶ֤ה עֶשְׂרֵה֙ לְמָלְכ֔וֹ לְטַהֵ֥ר הָאָ֖רֶץ וְהַבָּ֑יִת שָׁ֠לַח אֶת־שָׁפָ֨ן בֶּן־אֲצַלְיָ֜הוּ וְאֶת־מַעֲשֵׂיָ֣הוּ שַׂר־הָעִ֗יר וְ֠אֵת יוֹאָ֤ח בֶּן־יֽוֹאָחָז֙ הַמַּזְכִּ֔יר לְחַזֵּ֕ק אֶת־בֵּ֖ית יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהָֽיו׃ [Now in the eighteenth year of his reign, when he had purged the land, and the house, he sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah, and Maaseiah the governor of the city, and Joah the son of Joahaz the recorder, to repair the house of the LORD his God.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.803/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2CH:746 # text = וּבִשְׁנַ֨ת שְׁמוֹנֶ֤ה עֶשְׂרֵה֙ לְמָלְכ֔וֹ לְטַהֵ֥ר הָאָ֖רֶץ וְהַבָּ֑יִת שָׁ֠לַח אֶת־שָׁפָ֨ן בֶּן־אֲצַלְיָ֜הוּ וְאֶת־מַעֲשֵׂיָ֣הוּ שַׂר־הָעִ֗יר וְ֠אֵת יוֹאָ֤ח בֶּן־יֽוֹאָחָז֙ הַמַּזְכִּ֔יר לְחַזֵּ֕ק אֶת־בֵּ֖ית יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהָֽיו׃ # verse = 2CH.34.8 1-3 וּבִשְׁנַ֨ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_34:8!1|MId=o140340080011|Strong=2050b 2 בִ בְּ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2CH_34:8!1|MId=o140340080012|Strong=0871a 3 שְׁנַ֨ת שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=year|Ref=2CH_34:8!1|MId=o140340080013|Strong=8141 4 שְׁמוֹנֶ֤ה שְׁמֹנֶה NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 3 nummod _ Gloss=eight-|Ref=2CH_34:8!2|MId=o140340080021|Strong=8083|Type=cardinal_number 5 עֶשְׂרֵה֙ עֶשְׂרֵה NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 flat _ Gloss=teen|Ref=2CH_34:8!3|MId=o140340080031|Strong=6240|Type=cardinal_number 6-8 לְמָלְכ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=2CH_34:8!4|MId=o140340080041|Strong=3807a 7 מָלְכ מָלַךְ VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 3 nmod _ Gloss=reigning|Ref=2CH_34:8!4|MId=o140340080042|Strong=4427|Frame=A0:140340080043;|Type=infinitive_construct 8 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ Gloss=his|Ref=2CH_34:8!4|MId=o140340080043|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 9-10 לְטַהֵ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_34:8!5|MId=o140340080051|Strong=3807a 10 טַהֵ֥ר טָהֵר VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 16 advcl _ Gloss=cleanse|Ref=2CH_34:8!5|MId=o140340080052|Strong=2891|Frame=A0:140340010041;A1:140340080062;140340080073;|Type=infinitive_construct 11-12 הָאָ֖רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2CH_34:8!6|MId=o140340080061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 אָ֖רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 obj _ Gloss=land|Ref=2CH_34:8!6|MId=o140340080062|Strong=0776 13-15 וְהַבָּ֑יִת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_34:8!7|MId=o140340080071|Strong=2050b 14 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2CH_34:8!7|MId=o140340080072|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 בָּ֑יִת בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 conj _ Gloss=house|Ref=2CH_34:8!7|MId=o140340080073|Strong=1004 16 שָׁ֠לַח שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.sent|Ref=2CH_34:8!8|MId=o140340080081|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:140340010041;A1:140340080101;140340080141;140340080181;|Type=qatal 17 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2CH_34:8!9|MId=o140340080091|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 18 שָׁפָ֨ן שָׁפָן PROPN _ _ 16 obj _ Gloss=Shaphan|Ref=2CH_34:8!10|MId=o140340080101|Strong=8227a 19 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=2CH_34:8!11|MId=o140340080111|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 20 אֲצַלְיָ֜הוּ אֲצַלְיָהוּ PROPN _ _ 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Azaliah|Ref=2CH_34:8!12|MId=o140340080121|Strong=0683 21-22 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_34:8!13|MId=o140340080131|Strong=2050b 22 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2CH_34:8!13|MId=o140340080132|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 23 מַעֲשֵׂיָ֣הוּ מַעֲשֵׂיָהוּ PROPN _ _ 18 conj _ Gloss=Maaseiah|Ref=2CH_34:8!14|MId=o140340080141|Strong=4641a 24 שַׂר־ שַׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 appos _ Gloss=the.official|Ref=2CH_34:8!15|MId=o140340080151|Strong=8269|SpaceAfter=No 25-26 הָעִ֗יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2CH_34:8!16|MId=o140340080161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 עִ֗יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.city|Ref=2CH_34:8!16|MId=o140340080162|Strong=5892 27-28 וְ֠אֵת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וְ֠ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_34:8!17|MId=o140340080171|Strong=2050b 28 אֵת אֵת ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2CH_34:8!17|MId=o140340080172|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 29 יוֹאָ֤ח יוֹאָח PROPN _ _ 18 conj _ Gloss=Joah|Ref=2CH_34:8!18|MId=o140340080181|Strong=3098 30 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=2CH_34:8!19|MId=o140340080191|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 31 יֽוֹאָחָז֙ יוֹאָחָז PROPN _ _ 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Joahaz|Ref=2CH_34:8!20|MId=o140340080201|Strong=3099 32-33 הַמַּזְכִּ֔יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 33 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2CH_34:8!21|MId=o140340080211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 33 מַּזְכִּ֔יר זָכַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing 29 appos _ Gloss=recorder|Ref=2CH_34:8!21|MId=o140340080212|Strong=2142a|Type=participle_active 34-35 לְחַזֵּ֕ק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_34:8!22|MId=o140340080221|Strong=3807a 35 חַזֵּ֕ק חָזַק VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 16 advcl _ Gloss=repair|Ref=2CH_34:8!22|MId=o140340080222|Strong=2388|Frame=A0:140340080101;140340080141;140340080181;A1:140340080241;|Type=infinitive_construct 36 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2CH_34:8!23|MId=o140340080231|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 37 בֵּ֖ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 35 obj _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=2CH_34:8!24|MId=o140340080241|Strong=1004 38 יְהוָ֥ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 37 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=2CH_34:8!25|MId=o140340080251|Strong=3068 39-40 אֱלֹהָֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 אֱלֹהָֽי אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 38 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=2CH_34:8!26|MId=o140340080261|Strong=0430 40 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2CH_34:8!26|MId=o140340080262|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 41 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 40 punct _ Ref=2CH_34:8!26 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מָלְכ *reigning* | infinitive construct · qal | וֹ *his* | | | | | טַהֵר *cleanse* | infinitive construct · piel | | אָרֶץ *land* + בָּיִת *house* | | | | שָׁלַח *he sent* | qatal · qal | | שָׁפָן *Shaphan* + מַעֲשֵׂיָהוּ *Maaseiah* + יוֹאָח *Joah* | | | | חַזֵּק *repair* | infinitive construct · piel | שָׁפָן *Shaphan* + מַעֲשֵׂיָהוּ *Maaseiah* + יוֹאָח *Joah* | בֵּית *the house* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Now in the eighteenth year of his reign, when he had purged the land, and the house, he sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah, and Maaseiah the governor of the city, and Joah the son of Joahaz the recorder, to repair the house of the LORD his God.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.803/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2CH:746`. - ← previous: [2 Chronicles 34:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.34.7/) - next →: [2 Chronicles 34:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.34.9/) - ↑ back to [2 Chronicles 34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/34/)