--- title: 2 Chronicles 36:14 — Moreover all the chiefs of the priests, and the people, transgressed… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Moreover all the chiefs of the priests, and the people, transgressed very greatly after all the abominations of the nations; and they polluted the house of the LORD which He had hallowed in Jerusalem. Who acts: chiefs, Zedekiah. 2 Chronicles 36:14 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.36.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [2 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/) / [chapter 36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/36/) / 36:14 # 2 Chronicles 36:14 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב **Who acts:** chiefs, Zedekiah · **What happens:** transgress, pollute, hallow · **To what, where:** house, Jerusalem This is 2 Chronicles 36:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — chiefs, Zedekiah — and what happens in the verse to house, Jerusalem, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. גַּ֠ם כָּל־שָׂרֵ֨י הַכֹּהֲנִ֤ים וְהָעָם֙ הִרְבּ֣וּ לִמְעָול־מַ֔עַלכְּכֹ֖ל תֹּעֲב֣וֹת הַגּוֹיִ֑ם וַֽיְטַמְּאוּ֙ אֶת־בֵּ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר הִקְדִּ֖ישׁ בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ [Moreover all the chiefs of the priests, and the people, transgressed very greatly after all the abominations of the nations; and they polluted the house of the LORD which He had hallowed in Jerusalem.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.876/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2CH:812 # text = גַּ֠ם כָּל־שָׂרֵ֨י הַכֹּהֲנִ֤ים וְהָעָם֙ הִרְבּ֣וּ לִמְעָול־מַ֔עַלכְּכֹ֖ל תֹּעֲב֣וֹת הַגּוֹיִ֑ם וַֽיְטַמְּאוּ֙ אֶת־בֵּ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר הִקְדִּ֖ישׁ בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ # verse = 2CH.36.14 1 גַּ֠ם גַּם ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=2CH_36:14!1|MId=o140360140011|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 2 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=2CH_36:14!2|MId=o140360140021|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 3 שָׂרֵ֨י שַׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.leaders|Ref=2CH_36:14!3|MId=o140360140031|Strong=8269 4-5 הַכֹּהֲנִ֤ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2CH_36:14!4|MId=o140360140041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 כֹּהֲנִ֤ים כֹּהֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.priests|Ref=2CH_36:14!4|MId=o140360140042|Strong=3548 6-8 וְהָעָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_36:14!5|MId=o140360140051|Strong=2050b 7 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2CH_36:14!5|MId=o140360140052|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 עָם֙ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=people|Ref=2CH_36:14!5|MId=o140360140053|Strong=5971 9 הִרְבּ֣וּ רָבָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.increased|Ref=2CH_36:14!6|MId=o140360140061|Strong=7235|Frame=A0:140360140031;140360140053;|Type=qatal 10-11 לִמְעָול־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_36:14!7|MId=o140360140071|Strong=3807a 11 מְעָול־ מָעַל VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 9 advcl _ Gloss=act.unfaithfully|Ref=2CH_36:14!7|MId=o140360140072|Strong=4603|Frame=A0:140360140031;140360140053;|Type=infinitive_construct 12-14 מַ֔עַלכְּכֹ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 מַ֔עַל מָעַל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=unfaithfulness|Ref=2CH_36:14!8|MId=o140360140081|Strong=4604 13 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=according|Ref=2CH_36:14!9|MId=o140360140091|Strong=3509a 14 כֹ֖ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=to.all|Ref=2CH_36:14!9|MId=o140360140092|Strong=3605 15 תֹּעֲב֣וֹת תּוֹעֵבַה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.abominations|Ref=2CH_36:14!10|MId=o140360140101|Strong=8441 16-17 הַגּוֹיִ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2CH_36:14!11|MId=o140360140111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 גּוֹיִ֑ם גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.nations|Ref=2CH_36:14!11|MId=o140360140112|Strong=1471 18-19 וַֽיְטַמְּאוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_36:14!12|MId=o140360140121|Strong=2050b 19 יְטַמְּאוּ֙ טָמֵא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 9 conj _ Gloss=they.made.unclean|Ref=2CH_36:14!12|MId=o140360140122|Strong=2930|Frame=A0:140360140031;140360140053;A1:140360140141;|Type=wayyiqtol 20 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2CH_36:14!13|MId=o140360140131|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 21 בֵּ֣ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 obj _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=2CH_36:14!14|MId=o140360140141|Strong=1004 22 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=2CH_36:14!15|MId=o140360140151|Strong=3068 23 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 24 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=2CH_36:14!16|MId=o140360140161|Strong=0834|Type=relative 24 הִקְדִּ֖ישׁ קָדַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 21 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.had.consecrated|Ref=2CH_36:14!17|MId=o140360140171|Strong=6942|Frame=AA:140360140151;A0:140360140141;|Type=qatal 25-26 בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2CH_36:14!18|MId=o140360140181|Strong=0871a 26 ירוּשָׁלִָֽם יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 24 obl _ Gloss=Jerusalem|Ref=2CH_36:14!18|MId=o140360140182|Strong=3389 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=2CH_36:14!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הִרְבּוּ *they increased* | qatal · hiphil | שָׂרֵי *the leaders* + עָם *people* | | | | | מְעָול־ *act unfaithfully* | infinitive construct · qal | שָׂרֵי *the leaders* + עָם *people* | | | | | יְטַמְּאוּ *they made unclean* | wayyiqtol · piel | שָׂרֵי *the leaders* + עָם *people* | בֵּית *the house* | | | | הִקְדִּישׁ *he had consecrated* | qatal · hiphil | בֵּית *the house* | | | יְהוָה *of Yahweh* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Moreover all the chiefs of the priests, and the people, transgressed very greatly after all the abominations of the nations; and they polluted the house of the LORD which He had hallowed in Jerusalem.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.876/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2CH:812`. - ← previous: [2 Chronicles 36:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.36.13/) - next →: [2 Chronicles 36:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.36.15/) - ↑ back to [2 Chronicles 36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/36/)