--- title: 2 Chronicles 8:18 — And Huram sent him by the hands of his servants ships, and servants… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Huram sent him by the hands of his servants ships, and servants that had knowledge of the sea; and they came with the servants of Solomon to Ophir, and fetched from thence four hundred and fifty talents of gold, and brought them to king Solomon. Who acts: Huram, servants, ships. 2 Chronicles 8:1 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.8.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [2 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/8/) / 8:18 # 2 Chronicles 8:18 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב **Who acts:** Huram, servants, ships · **What happens:** send, have, come, fetch, bring · **To what, where:** ships, Solomon, knowledge, Ophir, hundred talents, talents This is 2 Chronicles 8:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Huram, servants, ships — and what happens in the verse to ships, Solomon, knowledge, Ophir, hundred talents, talents, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּֽשְׁלַֽח־לוֹ֩ חוּרָ֨ם בְּיַד־עֲבָדָ֜יו אֳנִיּ֗וֹת וַעֲבָדִים֮ י֣וֹדְעֵי יָם֒ וַיָּבֹ֜אוּ עִם־עַבְדֵ֤י שְׁלֹמֹה֙ אוֹפִ֔ירָה וַיִּקְח֣וּ מִשָּׁ֔ם אַרְבַּע־מֵא֥וֹת וַחֲמִשִּׁ֖ים כִּכַּ֣ר זָהָ֑ב וַיָּבִ֖יאוּ אֶל־הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹֽה׃פ [And Huram sent him by the hands of his servants ships, and servants that had knowledge of the sea; and they came with the servants of Solomon to Ophir, and fetched from thence four hundred and fifty talents of gold, and brought them to king Solomon.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.179/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2CH:169 # text = וַיִּֽשְׁלַֽח־לוֹ֩ חוּרָ֨ם בְּיַד־עֲבָדָ֜יו אֳנִיּ֗וֹת וַעֲבָדִים֮ י֣וֹדְעֵי יָם֒ וַיָּבֹ֜אוּ עִם־עַבְדֵ֤י שְׁלֹמֹה֙ אוֹפִ֔ירָה וַיִּקְח֣וּ מִשָּׁ֔ם אַרְבַּע־מֵא֥וֹת וַחֲמִשִּׁ֖ים כִּכַּ֣ר זָהָ֑ב וַיָּבִ֖יאוּ אֶל־הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹֽה׃פ # verse = 2CH.8.18 1-2 וַיִּֽשְׁלַֽח־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_8:18!1|MId=o140080180011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּֽשְׁלַֽח־ שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.sent|Ref=2CH_8:18!1|MId=o140080180012|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:140080180031;A1:140080180071;140080180082;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 לוֹ֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 ל לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_8:18!2|MId=o140080180021|Strong=3807a 4 וֹ֩ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=2CH_8:18!2|MId=o140080180022|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 5 חוּרָ֨ם חִירָם PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Huram|Ref=2CH_8:18!3|MId=o140080180031|Strong=2361 6-7 בְּיַד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=2CH_8:18!4|MId=o140080180041|Strong=0871a 7 יַד־ יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=2CH_8:18!4|MId=o140080180042|Strong=3027 8-9 עֲבָדָ֜יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 עֲבָדָ֜י עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.servants|Ref=2CH_8:18!5|MId=o140080180051|Strong=5650 9 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2CH_8:18!5|MId=o140080180052|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 10 אֳנִיּ֗וֹת אֳנִיָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 2 obj _ Gloss=ships|Ref=2CH_8:18!7|MId=o140080180071|Strong=0591 11-12 וַעֲבָדִים֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_8:18!8|MId=o140080180081|Strong=2050b 12 עֲבָדִים֮ עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 conj _ Gloss=servants|Ref=2CH_8:18!8|MId=o140080180082|Strong=5650 13 י֣וֹדְעֵי יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 12 appos _ Gloss=[who].knew|Ref=2CH_8:18!9|MId=o140080180091|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:140080180082;A1:140080180101;|Type=participle_active 14 יָם֒ יָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=(of).[the].sea|Ref=2CH_8:18!10|MId=o140080180101|Strong=3220 15-16 וַיָּבֹ֜אוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_8:18!11|MId=o140080180111|Strong=2050b 16 יָּבֹ֜אוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.went|Ref=2CH_8:18!11|MId=o140080180112|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:140080180071;140080180082;|Type=wayyiqtol 17 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2CH_8:18!12|MId=o140080180121|Strong=5973|SpaceAfter=No 18 עַבְדֵ֤י עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 obl _ Gloss=the.servants|Ref=2CH_8:18!13|MId=o140080180131|Strong=5650 19 שְׁלֹמֹה֙ שְׁלֹמֹה PROPN _ _ 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Solomon|Ref=2CH_8:18!14|MId=o140080180141|Strong=8010 20-21 אוֹפִ֔ירָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 אוֹפִ֔יר אוֹפִיר PROPN _ _ 16 obl _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_8:18!15|MId=o140080180151|Strong=0211a 21 ָה ה X _ _ 20 nmod _ Gloss=Ophir|Ref=2CH_8:18!15|MId=o140080180152|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 22-23 וַיִּקְח֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_8:18!16|MId=o140080180161|Strong=2050b 23 יִּקְח֣וּ לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.took|Ref=2CH_8:18!16|MId=o140080180162|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:140080180071;140080180082;140080180131;A1:140080180211;|Type=wayyiqtol 24-25 מִשָּׁ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2CH_8:18!17|MId=o140080180171|Strong=4480 25 שָּׁ֔ם שָׁם ADV _ _ 23 obl _ Gloss=there|Ref=2CH_8:18!17|MId=o140080180172|Strong=8033 26 אַרְבַּע־ אַרְבַּע NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 30 nummod _ Gloss=four|Ref=2CH_8:18!18|MId=o140080180181|Strong=0702|Type=cardinal_number|SpaceAfter=No 27 מֵא֥וֹת מֵאָה NUM _ Number=Plur 26 flat _ Gloss=hundred(s)|Ref=2CH_8:18!19|MId=o140080180191|Strong=3967|Type=cardinal_number 28-29 וַחֲמִשִּׁ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_8:18!20|MId=o140080180201|Strong=2050b 29 חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים חָמֵשׁ NUM _ Number=Plur 26 conj _ Gloss=fifty|Ref=2CH_8:18!20|MId=o140080180202|Strong=2572|Type=cardinal_number 30 כִּכַּ֣ר כִּכָּר NOUN _ Number=Sing 23 obj _ Gloss=talent[s]|Ref=2CH_8:18!21|MId=o140080180211|Strong=3603 31 זָהָ֑ב זָהָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.gold|Ref=2CH_8:18!22|MId=o140080180221|Strong=2091 32-33 וַיָּבִ֖יאוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 33 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_8:18!23|MId=o140080180231|Strong=2050b 33 יָּבִ֖יאוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.brought.[it]|Ref=2CH_8:18!23|MId=o140080180232|Strong=0935|Frame=AA:140080180071;140080180082;140080180131;A0:140080180211;|Type=wayyiqtol 34 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2CH_8:18!24|MId=o140080180241|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 35-36 הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 36 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2CH_8:18!25|MId=o140080180251|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 36 מֶּ֥לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 33 obl _ Gloss=king|Ref=2CH_8:18!25|MId=o140080180252|Strong=4428 37 שְׁלֹמֹֽה שְׁלֹמֹה PROPN _ _ 36 appos _ Gloss=Solomon|Ref=2CH_8:18!26|MId=o140080180261|Strong=8010|SpaceAfter=No 38 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=2CH_8:18!26|SpaceAfter=No 39 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=2CH_8:18!26 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּֽשְׁלַֽח־ *he sent* | wayyiqtol · qal | חוּרָם *Huram* | אֳנִיּוֹת *ships* + עֲבָדִים *servants* | | | | יוֹדְעֵי *\[who\] knew* | participle active · qal | עֲבָדִים *servants* | יָם *(of) \[the\] sea* | | | | יָּבֹאוּ *they went* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֳנִיּוֹת *ships* + עֲבָדִים *servants* | | | | | יִּקְחוּ *they took* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֳנִיּוֹת *ships* + עֲבָדִים *servants* + עַבְדֵי *the servants* | כִּכַּר *talent\[s\]* | | | | יָּבִיאוּ *they brought \[it\]* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | כִּכַּר *talent\[s\]* | | | אֳנִיּוֹת *ships* + עֲבָדִים *servants* + עַבְדֵי *the servants* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Huram sent him by the hands of his servants ships, and servants that had knowledge of the sea; and they came with the servants of Solomon to Ophir, and fetched from thence four hundred and fifty talents of gold, and brought them to king Solomon.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.179/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2CH:169`. - ← previous: [2 Chronicles 8:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.8.17/) - next →: [2 Chronicles 9:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.9.1/) - ↑ back to [2 Chronicles 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/8/)