--- title: 2 Chronicles 8:5 — Also he built Beth-horon the upper, and Beth-horon the nether, forti… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Also he built Beth-horon the upper, and Beth-horon the nether, fortified cities, with walls, gates, and bars; Who acts: Solomon. 2 Chronicles 8:5 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.8.5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [2 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/8/) / 8:5 # 2 Chronicles 8:5 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב **Who acts:** Solomon · **What happens:** build, fortify · **To what, where:** Beth horon This is 2 Chronicles 8:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Solomon — and what happens in the verse to Beth horon, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּ֜בֶן אֶת־בֵּ֤ית חוֹרוֹן֙ בֵּ֤ית חוֹרוֹן֙ הָֽעֶלְי֔וֹן וְאֶת־בֵּ֥ית חוֹר֖וֹן בֵּ֥ית חוֹר֖וֹן הַתַּחְתּ֑וֹן עָרֵ֣י מָצ֔וֹר חוֹמ֖וֹת דְּלָתַ֥יִם וּבְרִֽיחַ׃ [Also he built Beth-horon the upper, and Beth-horon the nether, fortified cities, with walls, gates, and bars;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.165/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2CH:156 # text = וַיִּ֜בֶן אֶת־בֵּ֤ית חוֹרוֹן֙ בֵּ֤ית חוֹרוֹן֙ הָֽעֶלְי֔וֹן וְאֶת־בֵּ֥ית חוֹר֖וֹן בֵּ֥ית חוֹר֖וֹן הַתַּחְתּ֑וֹן עָרֵ֣י מָצ֔וֹר חוֹמ֖וֹת דְּלָתַ֥יִם וּבְרִֽיחַ׃ # verse = 2CH.8.5 1-2 וַיִּ֜בֶן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_8:5!1|MId=o140080050011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּ֜בֶן בָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.built|Ref=2CH_8:5!1|MId=o140080050012|Strong=1129|Frame=A0:140080030021;A1:140080050031;140080050061;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2CH_8:5!2|MId=o140080050021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 4 בֵּ֤ית בֵּית PROPN _ _ 2 obj _ Gloss=Beth|Ref=2CH_8:5!3|MId=o140080050031 5 חוֹרוֹן֙ חֹורֹון PROPN _ _ 4 flat:name _ Ref=2CH_8:5!3 6 בֵּ֤ית בֵּית PROPN _ _ 4 nmod _ Gloss=Horon|Ref=2CH_8:5!4|MId=o140080050041 7 חוֹרוֹן֙ חוֹרֹן PROPN _ _ 6 flat:name _ Ref=2CH_8:5!4 8-9 הָֽעֶלְי֔וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2CH_8:5!5|MId=o140080050051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 עֶלְי֔וֹן עֶלְיוֹן ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 amod _ Gloss=upper|Ref=2CH_8:5!5|MId=o140080050052|Strong=5945|Type=adjective 10-11 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_8:5!6|MId=o140080050061|Strong=2050b 11 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2CH_8:5!6|MId=o140080050062|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 12 בֵּ֥ית בֵּית PROPN _ _ 4 conj _ Gloss=Beth|Ref=2CH_8:5!7|MId=o140080050071 13 חוֹר֖וֹן חֹורֹון PROPN _ _ 12 flat:name _ Ref=2CH_8:5!7 14 בֵּ֥ית בֵּית PROPN _ _ 12 nmod _ Gloss=Horon|Ref=2CH_8:5!8|MId=o140080050081 15 חוֹר֖וֹן חוֹרֹן PROPN _ _ 14 flat:name _ Ref=2CH_8:5!8 16-17 הַתַּחְתּ֑וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2CH_8:5!9|MId=o140080050091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 תַּחְתּ֑וֹן תַּחְתּוֹן ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 amod _ Gloss=lower|Ref=2CH_8:5!9|MId=o140080050092|Strong=8481|Type=adjective 18 עָרֵ֣י עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 2 xcomp _ Gloss=cities|Ref=2CH_8:5!10|MId=o140080050101|Strong=5892 19 מָצ֔וֹר מָצוֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.fortification|Ref=2CH_8:5!11|MId=o140080050111|Strong=4692a 20 חוֹמ֖וֹת חוֹמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 2 obl _ Gloss=walls|Ref=2CH_8:5!12|MId=o140080050121|Strong=2346 21 דְּלָתַ֥יִם דֶּלֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Dual 20 conj _ Gloss=doors|Ref=2CH_8:5!13|MId=o140080050131|Strong=1817 22-23 וּבְרִֽיחַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2CH_8:5!14|MId=o140080050141|Strong=2050b 23 בְרִֽיחַ בְּרִיחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 conj _ Gloss=bar[s]|Ref=2CH_8:5!14|MId=o140080050142|Strong=1280 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=2CH_8:5!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּבֶן *he built* | wayyiqtol · qal | | בֵּית *Beth* + וְ *and* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Also he built Beth-horon the upper, and Beth-horon the nether, fortified cities, with walls, gates, and bars;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.165/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2CH:156`. - ← previous: [2 Chronicles 8:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.8.4/) - next →: [2 Chronicles 8:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.8.6/) - ↑ back to [2 Chronicles 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/8/)