--- title: Daniel 1:1 — IN THE third year of the reign of Jehoiakim king of Judah came Nebuc… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: IN THE third year of the reign of Jehoiakim king of Judah came Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon unto Jerusalem, and besieged it. Who acts: Nebuchadnezzar king. Daniel 1:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.1.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/1/) / 1:1 # Daniel 1:1 דָּנִיֵּאל **Who acts:** Nebuchadnezzar king · **What happens:** come, besiege · **To what, where:** reign This is Daniel 1:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Nebuchadnezzar king — and what happens in the verse to reign, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בִּשְׁנַ֣ת שָׁל֔וֹשׁ לְמַלְכ֖וּת יְהוֹיָקִ֣ים מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֑ה בָּ֣א נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּ֧ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֛ל יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם וַיָּ֥צַר עָלֶֽיהָ׃ [IN THE third year of the reign of Jehoiakim king of Judah came Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon unto Jerusalem, and besieged it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.0/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DAN:0 # text = בִּשְׁנַ֣ת שָׁל֔וֹשׁ לְמַלְכ֖וּת יְהוֹיָקִ֣ים מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֑ה בָּ֣א נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּ֧ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֛ל יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם וַיָּ֥צַר עָלֶֽיהָ׃ # verse = DAN.1.1 1-2 בִּשְׁנַ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=DAN_1:1!1|MId=o270010010011|Strong=0871a 2 שְׁנַ֣ת שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=year|Ref=DAN_1:1!1|MId=o270010010012|Strong=8141 3 שָׁל֔וֹשׁ שָׁלֹשׁ NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 nummod _ Gloss=three|Ref=DAN_1:1!2|MId=o270010010021|Strong=7969|Type=cardinal_number 4-5 לְמַלְכ֖וּת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=DAN_1:1!3|MId=o270010010031|Strong=3807a 5 מַלְכ֖וּת מַלְכוּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 nmod _ Gloss=the.reign|Ref=DAN_1:1!3|MId=o270010010032|Strong=4438 6 יְהוֹיָקִ֣ים יְהוֹיָקִים PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Jehoiakim|Ref=DAN_1:1!4|MId=o270010010041|Strong=3079 7 מֶֽלֶךְ־ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=DAN_1:1!5|MId=o270010010051|Strong=4428|SpaceAfter=No 8 יְהוּדָ֑ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Judah|Ref=DAN_1:1!6|MId=o270010010061|Strong=3063 9 בָּ֣א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.came|Ref=DAN_1:1!7|MId=o270010010071|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:270010010081;|Type=qatal 10 נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּ֧ר נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּר PROPN _ _ 9 nsubj _ Gloss=Nebuchadnezzar|Ref=DAN_1:1!8|MId=o270010010081|Strong=5019 11 מֶֽלֶךְ־ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=DAN_1:1!9|MId=o270010010091|Strong=4428|SpaceAfter=No 12 בָּבֶ֛ל בָּבֶל PROPN _ _ 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Babylon|Ref=DAN_1:1!10|MId=o270010010101|Strong=0894 13 יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 9 obl _ Gloss=Jerusalem|Ref=DAN_1:1!11|MId=o270010010111|Strong=3389 14-15 וַיָּ֥צַר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_1:1!12|MId=o270010010121|Strong=2050b 15 יָּ֥צַר צוּר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 conj _ Gloss=he.laid.siege|Ref=DAN_1:1!12|MId=o270010010122|Strong=6696|Frame=A0:270010010081;|Type=wayyiqtol 16-17 עָלֶֽיהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 עָלֶֽי עַל ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=DAN_1:1!13|MId=o270010010131|Strong=5921 17 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=DAN_1:1!13|MId=o270010010132|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 18 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 17 punct _ Ref=DAN_1:1!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | בָּא *he came* | qatal · qal | נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּר *Nebuchadnezzar* | | | | | יָּצַר *he laid siege* | wayyiqtol · qal | נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּר *Nebuchadnezzar* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [IN THE third year of the reign of Jehoiakim king of Judah came Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon unto Jerusalem, and besieged it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.0/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DAN:0`. - ← previous: [Esther 10:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.10.3/) - next →: [Daniel 1:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.1.2/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/1/)