--- title: Daniel 1:16 — So the steward took away their food, and the wine that they should d… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: So the steward took away their food, and the wine that they should drink, and gave them pulse. Who acts: steward, countenances. Daniel 1:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.1.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/1/) / 1:16 # Daniel 1:16 דָּנִיֵּאל **Who acts:** steward, countenances · **What happens:** take away, drink, give · **To what, where:** food, wine, pulse, countenances This is Daniel 1:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — steward, countenances — and what happens in the verse to food, wine, pulse, countenances, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִ֣י הַמֶּלְצַ֗ר נֹשֵׂא֙ אֶת־פַּתְבָּגָ֔ם וְיֵ֖ין מִשְׁתֵּיהֶ֑ם וְנֹתֵ֥ן לָהֶ֖ם זֵרְעֹנִֽים׃ [So the steward took away their food, and the wine that they should drink, and gave them pulse.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.15/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DAN:15 # text = וַיְהִ֣י הַמֶּלְצַ֗ר נֹשֵׂא֙ אֶת־פַּתְבָּגָ֔ם וְיֵ֖ין מִשְׁתֵּיהֶ֑ם וְנֹתֵ֥ן לָהֶ֖ם זֵרְעֹנִֽים׃ # verse = DAN.1.16 1-2 וַיְהִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_1:16!1|MId=o270010160011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִ֣י הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 cop _ Gloss=he.was|Ref=DAN_1:16!1|MId=o270010160012|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:270010160022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הַמֶּלְצַ֗ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DAN_1:16!2|MId=o270010160021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 מֶּלְצַ֗ר מֶלְצָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ Gloss=guardian|Ref=DAN_1:16!2|MId=o270010160022|Strong=4453 5 נֹשֵׂא֙ נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=taking.away|Ref=DAN_1:16!3|MId=o270010160031|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:270010160022;A1:270010160051;270010160062;|Type=participle_active 6 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=DAN_1:16!4|MId=o270010160041|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 7-8 פַּתְבָּגָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 פַּתְבָּג פַּתבָּג NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 obj _ Gloss=delicaci[es]|Ref=DAN_1:16!5|MId=o270010160051|Strong=6598 8 ָ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=DAN_1:16!5|MId=o270010160052|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 9-10 וְיֵ֖ין _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_1:16!6|MId=o270010160061|Strong=2050b 10 יֵ֖ין יַיִן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 conj _ Gloss=the.wine|Ref=DAN_1:16!6|MId=o270010160062|Strong=3196 11-12 מִשְׁתֵּיהֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 מִשְׁתֵּי מִשְׁתֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=their.drink|Ref=DAN_1:16!7|MId=o270010160071|Strong=4960 12 הֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=DAN_1:16!7|MId=o270010160072|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 13-14 וְנֹתֵ֥ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_1:16!8|MId=o270010160081|Strong=2050b 14 נֹתֵ֥ן נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=giving|Ref=DAN_1:16!8|MId=o270010160082|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:270010160022;A1:270010160101;|Type=participle_active 15-16 לָהֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 ל לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DAN_1:16!9|MId=o270010160091|Strong=3807a 16 ָהֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=DAN_1:16!9|MId=o270010160092|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 17 זֵרְעֹנִֽים זֵרְעֹנִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 obj _ Gloss=vegetables|Ref=DAN_1:16!10|MId=o270010160101|Strong=2235a|SpaceAfter=No 18 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 17 punct _ Ref=DAN_1:16!10 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יְהִי *he was* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֶּלְצַר *guardian* | | | | | נֹשֵׂא *taking away* | participle active · qal | מֶּלְצַר *guardian* | פַּתְבָּג *delicaci\[es\]* + יֵין *the wine* | | | | נֹתֵן *giving* | participle active · qal | מֶּלְצַר *guardian* | זֵרְעֹנִֽים *vegetables* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [So the steward took away their food, and the wine that they should drink, and gave them pulse.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.15/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DAN:15`. - ← previous: [Daniel 1:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.1.15/) - next →: [Daniel 1:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.1.17/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/1/)