--- title: Daniel 1:4 — youths in whom was no blemish, but fair to look on, and skilful in a… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: youths in whom was no blemish, but fair to look on, and skilful in all wisdom, and skilful in knowledge, and discerning in thought, and such as had ability to stand in the king's palace; and that he should teach them the learning and the tongue of the Chaldeans. Who acts: youths, king. Daniel 1:4 in --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.1.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/1/) / 1:4 # Daniel 1:4 דָּנִיֵּאל **Who acts:** youths, king · **What happens:** be, look on, discern, have, stand, teach · **To what, where:** blemish, wisdom, thought, ability, palace, learning This is Daniel 1:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — youths, king — and what happens in the verse to blemish, wisdom, thought, ability, palace, learning, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. יְלָדִ֣ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֵֽין־בָּהֶ֣ם כָּל־מוּם֩ וְטוֹבֵ֨י מַרְאֶ֜ה וּמַשְׂכִּילִ֣ים בְּכָל־חָכְמָ֗ה וְיֹ֤דְעֵי דַ֙עַת֙ וּמְבִינֵ֣י מַדָּ֔ע וַאֲשֶׁר֙ כֹּ֣חַ בָּהֶ֔ם לַעֲמֹ֖ד בְּהֵיכַ֣ל הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וּֽלֲלַמְּדָ֥ם סֵ֖פֶר וּלְשׁ֥וֹן כַּשְׂדִּֽים׃ [youths in whom was no blemish, but fair to look on, and skilful in all wisdom, and skilful in knowledge, and discerning in thought, and such as had ability to stand in the king's palace; and that he should teach them the learning and the tongue of the Chaldeans.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.3/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DAN:3 # text = יְלָדִ֣ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֵֽין־בָּהֶ֣ם כָּל־מוּם֩ וְטוֹבֵ֨י מַרְאֶ֜ה וּמַשְׂכִּילִ֣ים בְּכָל־חָכְמָ֗ה וְיֹ֤דְעֵי דַ֙עַת֙ וּמְבִינֵ֣י מַדָּ֔ע וַאֲשֶׁר֙ כֹּ֣חַ בָּהֶ֔ם לַעֲמֹ֖ד בְּהֵיכַ֣ל הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וּֽלֲלַמְּדָ֥ם סֵ֖פֶר וּלְשׁ֥וֹן כַּשְׂדִּֽים׃ # verse = DAN.1.4 1 יְלָדִ֣ים יֶלֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=youths|Ref=DAN_1:4!1|MId=o270010040011|Strong=3206 2 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 3 mark _ Gloss=whom|Ref=DAN_1:4!2|MId=o270010040021|Strong=0834|Type=relative 3 אֵֽין־ אַיִן ADV _ _ 1 acl:relcl _ Gloss=there.[was].not|Ref=DAN_1:4!3|MId=o270010040031|Strong=0369|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 4-5 בָּהֶ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=DAN_1:4!4|MId=o270010040041|Strong=0871a 5 ָהֶ֣ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=DAN_1:4!4|MId=o270010040042|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 6 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ Gloss=any|Ref=DAN_1:4!5|MId=o270010040051|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 7 מוּם֩ מאוּם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=blemish|Ref=DAN_1:4!7|MId=o270010040071|Strong=3971a 8-9 וְטוֹבֵ֨י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_1:4!8|MId=o270010040081|Strong=2050b 9 טוֹבֵ֨י טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 conj _ Gloss=good|Ref=DAN_1:4!8|MId=o270010040082|Strong=2896|Type=adjective 10 מַרְאֶ֜ה מַרְאֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.appearance|Ref=DAN_1:4!9|MId=o270010040091|Strong=4758 11-12 וּמַשְׂכִּילִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_1:4!10|MId=o270010040101|Strong=2050b 12 מַשְׂכִּילִ֣ים שָׂכַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur 3 conj _ Gloss=having.insight|Ref=DAN_1:4!10|MId=o270010040102|Strong=7919|Frame=A0:270010040011;|Type=participle_active 13-14 בְּכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=DAN_1:4!11|MId=o270010040111|Strong=0871a 14 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=DAN_1:4!11|MId=o270010040112|Strong=3605 15 חָכְמָ֗ה חׇכְמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=wisdom|Ref=DAN_1:4!12|MId=o270010040121|Strong=2451 16-17 וְיֹ֤דְעֵי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_1:4!13|MId=o270010040131|Strong=2050b 17 יֹ֤דְעֵי יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 3 conj _ Gloss=knowing|Ref=DAN_1:4!13|MId=o270010040132|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:270010040011;A1:270010040141;|Type=participle_active 18 דַ֙עַת֙ דַּעַת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=(of).knowledge|Ref=DAN_1:4!14|MId=o270010040141|Strong=1847 19-20 וּמְבִינֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_1:4!15|MId=o270010040151|Strong=2050b 20 מְבִינֵ֣י בִּין VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur 3 conj _ Gloss=understanding|Ref=DAN_1:4!15|MId=o270010040152|Strong=0995|Frame=AA:270010040011;A0:270010040161;|Type=participle_active 21 מַדָּ֔ע מַדָּע NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=(of).knowledge|Ref=DAN_1:4!16|MId=o270010040161|Strong=4093 22-23 וַאֲשֶׁר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_1:4!17|MId=o270010040171|Strong=2050b 23 אֲשֶׁר֙ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 26 mark _ Gloss=whom|Ref=DAN_1:4!17|MId=o270010040172|Strong=0834|Type=relative 24 כֹּ֣חַ כֹּחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ Gloss=ability|Ref=DAN_1:4!18|MId=o270010040181|Strong=3581 25-26 בָּהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=[was].in|Ref=DAN_1:4!19|MId=o270010040191|Strong=0871a 26 ָהֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 conj _ Gloss=them|Ref=DAN_1:4!19|MId=o270010040192|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 27-28 לַעֲמֹ֖ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DAN_1:4!20|MId=o270010040201|Strong=3807a 28 עֲמֹ֖ד עָמַד VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 26 advcl _ Gloss=stand|Ref=DAN_1:4!20|MId=o270010040202|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:270010040011;|Type=infinitive_construct 29-30 בְּהֵיכַ֣ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=DAN_1:4!21|MId=o270010040211|Strong=0871a 30 הֵיכַ֣ל הֵיכָל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=the.palace|Ref=DAN_1:4!21|MId=o270010040212|Strong=1964 31-32 הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 32 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=DAN_1:4!22|MId=o270010040221|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 32 מֶּ֑לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=DAN_1:4!22|MId=o270010040222|Strong=4428 33-36 וּֽלֲלַמְּדָ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 וּֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 35 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_1:4!23|MId=o270010040231|Strong=2050b 34 לֲ לְ ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DAN_1:4!23|MId=o270010040232|Strong=3807a 35 לַמְּד לָמַד VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 28 conj _ Gloss=teach|Ref=DAN_1:4!23|MId=o270010040233|Strong=3925|Frame=A0:270010030032;A2:270010040234;A1:270010040241;270010040252;|Type=infinitive_construct 36 ָ֥ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=DAN_1:4!23|MId=o270010040234|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 37 סֵ֖פֶר סֵפֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 35 xcomp _ Gloss=the.writing|Ref=DAN_1:4!24|MId=o270010040241|Strong=5612 38-39 וּלְשׁ֥וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 39 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_1:4!25|MId=o270010040251|Strong=2050b 39 לְשׁ֥וֹן לָשׁוֹן NOUN _ Number=Sing 37 conj _ Gloss=the.language|Ref=DAN_1:4!25|MId=o270010040252|Strong=3956 40 כַּשְׂדִּֽים כַּשְׂדִּים PROPN _ _ 37 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].Chaldeans|Ref=DAN_1:4!26|MId=o270010040261|Strong=3778|SpaceAfter=No 41 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 40 punct _ Ref=DAN_1:4!26 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מַשְׂכִּילִים *having insight* | participle active · hiphil | יְלָדִים *youths* | | | | | יֹדְעֵי *knowing* | participle active · qal | יְלָדִים *youths* | דַעַת *(of) knowledge* | | | | מְבִינֵי *understanding* | participle active · hiphil | מַדָּע *(of) knowledge* | | | יְלָדִים *youths* | | עֲמֹד *stand* | infinitive construct · qal | יְלָדִים *youths* | | | | | לַמְּד *teach* | infinitive construct · piel | | סֵפֶר *the writing* + לְשׁוֹן *the language* | ָם *them* | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [youths in whom was no blemish, but fair to look on, and skilful in all wisdom, and skilful in knowledge, and discerning in thought, and such as had ability to stand in the king's palace; and that he should teach them the learning and the tongue of the Chaldeans.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.3/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DAN:3`. - ← previous: [Daniel 1:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.1.3/) - next →: [Daniel 1:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.1.5/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/1/)