--- title: Daniel 10:20 — Then said he: Knowest thou wherefore I come unto thee? and now will… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then said he: Knowest thou wherefore I come unto thee? and now will I return to fight with the prince of Persia; and when I go forth, lo, the prince of Greece shall come. Who acts: strength, thou, I, prince. Daniel 10:20 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.10.20/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/10/) / 10:20 # Daniel 10:20 דָּנִיֵּאל **Who acts:** strength, thou, I, prince · **What happens:** say, know, come, return, fight, go · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Daniel 10:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — strength, thou, I, prince — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הֲיָדַ֙עְתָּ֙ לָמָּה־בָּ֣אתִי אֵלֶ֔יךָ וְעַתָּ֣ה אָשׁ֔וּב לְהִלָּחֵ֖ם עִם־שַׂ֣ר פָּרָ֑ס וַאֲנִ֣י יוֹצֵ֔א וְהִנֵּ֥ה שַׂר־יָוָ֖ן בָּֽא׃ [Then said he: Knowest thou wherefore I come unto thee? and now will I return to fight with the prince of Persia; and when I go forth, lo, the prince of Greece shall come.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.311/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DAN:97 # text = וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הֲיָדַ֙עְתָּ֙ לָמָּה־בָּ֣אתִי אֵלֶ֔יךָ וְעַתָּ֣ה אָשׁ֔וּב לְהִלָּחֵ֖ם עִם־שַׂ֣ר פָּרָ֑ס וַאֲנִ֣י יוֹצֵ֔א וְהִנֵּ֥ה שַׂר־יָוָ֖ן בָּֽא׃ # verse = DAN.10.20 1-2 וַיֹּ֗אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_10:20!1|MId=o270100200011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֗אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=DAN_10:20!1|MId=o270100200012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:270100180042;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הֲיָדַ֙עְתָּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 4 advmod _ Gloss=do|Ref=DAN_10:20!2|MId=o270100200021|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 4 יָדַ֙עְתָּ֙ יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=you.know?|Ref=DAN_10:20!2|MId=o270100200022|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:270100070031;A1:270100200041;|Type=qatal 5-6 לָמָּה־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 לָ לָמָה ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=|Ref=DAN_10:20!3|MId=o270100200031|Strong=3807a 6 מָּה־ מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 7 obl _ Gloss=why?|Ref=DAN_10:20!3|MId=o270100200032|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 7 בָּ֣אתִי בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 4 ccomp _ Gloss=have.I.come|Ref=DAN_10:20!4|MId=o270100200041|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:270100180042;|Type=qatal 8-9 אֵלֶ֔יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 אֵלֶ֔י אֶל ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DAN_10:20!5|MId=o270100200051|Strong=0413 9 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 7 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=DAN_10:20!5|MId=o270100200052|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 10-11 וְעַתָּ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_10:20!6|MId=o270100200061|Strong=2050b 11 עַתָּ֣ה עַתָּה ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=now|Ref=DAN_10:20!6|MId=o270100200062|Strong=6258 12 אָשׁ֔וּב שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 4 parataxis _ Gloss=I.will.return|Ref=DAN_10:20!7|MId=o270100200071|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:270100180042;|Type=yiqtol 13-14 לְהִלָּחֵ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DAN_10:20!8|MId=o270100200081|Strong=3807a 14 הִלָּחֵ֖ם לָחַם VERB _ HebBinyan=NIPHAL 12 advcl _ Gloss=engage.in.battle|Ref=DAN_10:20!8|MId=o270100200082|Strong=3898|Frame=A0:270100180042;|Type=infinitive_construct 15 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DAN_10:20!9|MId=o270100200091|Strong=5973|SpaceAfter=No 16 שַׂ֣ר שַׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=the.prince|Ref=DAN_10:20!10|MId=o270100200101|Strong=8269 17 פָּרָ֑ס פָּרַס PROPN _ _ 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Persia|Ref=DAN_10:20!11|MId=o270100200111|Strong=6539 18-19 וַאֲנִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_10:20!12|MId=o270100200121|Strong=2050b 19 אֲנִ֣י אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=DAN_10:20!12|MId=o270100200122|Strong=0589|Type=personal 20 יוֹצֵ֔א יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=[am].about.to.go.forth|Ref=DAN_10:20!13|MId=o270100200131|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:270100200122;|Type=participle_active 21-22 וְהִנֵּ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_10:20!14|MId=o270100200141|Strong=2050b 22 הִנֵּ֥ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 25 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=DAN_10:20!14|MId=o270100200142|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 23 שַׂר־ שַׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ Gloss=the.prince|Ref=DAN_10:20!15|MId=o270100200151|Strong=8269|SpaceAfter=No 24 יָוָ֖ן יָוָן PROPN _ _ 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Greece|Ref=DAN_10:20!16|MId=o270100200161|Strong=3120 25 בָּֽא בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=he.will.come|Ref=DAN_10:20!17|MId=o270100200171|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:270100200151;|Type=participle_active|SpaceAfter=No 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=DAN_10:20!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יָדַעְתָּ *you know?* | qatal · qal | | בָּאתִי *have I come* | | | | בָּאתִי *have I come* | qatal · qal | | | | | | אָשׁוּב *I will return* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | הִלָּחֵם *engage in battle* | infinitive construct · niphal | | | | | | יוֹצֵא *\[am\] about to go forth* | participle active · qal | אֲנִי *I* | | | | | בָּֽא *he will come* | participle active · qal | שַׂר־ *the prince* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then said he: Knowest thou wherefore I come unto thee? and now will I return to fight with the prince of Persia; and when I go forth, lo, the prince of Greece shall come.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.311/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DAN:97`. - ← previous: [Daniel 10:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.10.19/) - next →: [Daniel 10:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.10.21/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/10/)