--- title: Daniel 10:8 — So that I was left alone, and saw this great vision, and there remai… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: So that I was left alone, and saw this great vision, and there remained no strength in me; for my comeliness was turned in me into corruption, and I retained no strength. Who acts: strength, I. Daniel 10:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.10.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/10/) / 10:8 # Daniel 10:8 דָּנִיֵּאל **Who acts:** strength, I · **What happens:** leave, see, remain, turn, retain · **To what, where:** I, great vision, comeliness, corruption, strength This is Daniel 10:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — strength, I — and what happens in the verse to I, great vision, comeliness, corruption, strength, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַאֲנִי֙ נִשְׁאַ֣רְתִּי לְבַדִּ֔י וָֽאֶרְאֶ֗ה אֶת־הַמַּרְאָ֤ה הַגְּדֹלָה֙ הַזֹּ֔את וְלֹ֥א נִשְׁאַר־בִּ֖י כֹּ֑ח וְהוֹדִ֗י נֶהְפַּ֤ךְ עָלַי֙ לְמַשְׁחִ֔ית וְלֹ֥א עָצַ֖רְתִּי כֹּֽחַ׃ [So that I was left alone, and saw this great vision, and there remained no strength in me; for my comeliness was turned in me into corruption, and I retained no strength.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.299/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DAN:85 # text = וַאֲנִי֙ נִשְׁאַ֣רְתִּי לְבַדִּ֔י וָֽאֶרְאֶ֗ה אֶת־הַמַּרְאָ֤ה הַגְּדֹלָה֙ הַזֹּ֔את וְלֹ֥א נִשְׁאַר־בִּ֖י כֹּ֑ח וְהוֹדִ֗י נֶהְפַּ֤ךְ עָלַי֙ לְמַשְׁחִ֔ית וְלֹ֥א עָצַ֖רְתִּי כֹּֽחַ׃ # verse = DAN.10.8 1-2 וַאֲנִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_10:8!1|MId=o270100080011|Strong=2050b 2 אֲנִי֙ אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=DAN_10:8!1|MId=o270100080012|Strong=0589|Type=personal 3 נִשְׁאַ֣רְתִּי שָׁאַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.was.left.behind|Ref=DAN_10:8!2|MId=o270100080021|Strong=7604|Frame=A1:270100080012;|Type=qatal 4-6 לְבַדִּ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=I|Ref=DAN_10:8!3|MId=o270100080031|Strong=3807a 5 בַדּ בַּד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=DAN_10:8!3|MId=o270100080032|Strong=0905 6 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=alone|Ref=DAN_10:8!3|MId=o270100080033|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 7-8 וָֽאֶרְאֶ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וָֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_10:8!4|MId=o270100080041|Strong=2050b 8 אֶרְאֶ֗ה רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 3 conj _ Gloss=I.saw|Ref=DAN_10:8!4|MId=o270100080042|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:270100070031;A1:270100080062;|Type=wayyiqtol 9 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=DAN_10:8!5|MId=o270100080051|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 10-11 הַמַּרְאָ֤ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DAN_10:8!6|MId=o270100080061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 מַּרְאָ֤ה מַרְאָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 obj _ Gloss=vision|Ref=DAN_10:8!6|MId=o270100080062|Strong=4759 12-13 הַגְּדֹלָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=DAN_10:8!7|MId=o270100080071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 גְּדֹלָה֙ גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=DAN_10:8!7|MId=o270100080072|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 14-15 הַזֹּ֔את _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=DAN_10:8!8|MId=o270100080081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 זֹּ֔את זֹאת DET _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 11 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=DAN_10:8!8|MId=o270100080082|Strong=2063|Type=demonstrative 16-17 וְלֹ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_10:8!9|MId=o270100080091|Strong=2050b 17 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 18 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=DAN_10:8!9|MId=o270100080092|Strong=3808|Type=negative 18 נִשְׁאַר־ שָׁאַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=it.remained|Ref=DAN_10:8!10|MId=o270100080101|Strong=7604|Frame=A1:270100080121;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 19-20 בִּ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=DAN_10:8!11|MId=o270100080111|Strong=0871a 20 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 18 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=DAN_10:8!11|MId=o270100080112|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 21 כֹּ֑ח כֹּחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ Gloss=strength|Ref=DAN_10:8!12|MId=o270100080121|Strong=3581 22-24 וְהוֹדִ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_10:8!13|MId=o270100080131|Strong=2050b 23 הוֹד הוֹד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ Gloss=vigor|Ref=DAN_10:8!13|MId=o270100080132|Strong=1935 24 ִ֗י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=DAN_10:8!13|MId=o270100080133|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 25 נֶהְפַּ֤ךְ הָפַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=it.was.changed|Ref=DAN_10:8!14|MId=o270100080141|Strong=2015|Frame=A1:270100080132;|Type=qatal 26-27 עָלַי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 עָל עַל ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=DAN_10:8!15|MId=o270100080151|Strong=5921 27 ַי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 25 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=DAN_10:8!15|MId=o270100080152|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 28-29 לְמַשְׁחִ֔ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=into|Ref=DAN_10:8!16|MId=o270100080161|Strong=3807a 29 מַשְׁחִ֔ית מַשְׁחִית NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 obl _ Gloss=destruction|Ref=DAN_10:8!16|MId=o270100080162|Strong=4889 30-31 וְלֹ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_10:8!17|MId=o270100080171|Strong=2050b 31 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 32 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=DAN_10:8!17|MId=o270100080172|Strong=3808|Type=negative 32 עָצַ֖רְתִּי עָצַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 3 conj _ Gloss=I.retained|Ref=DAN_10:8!18|MId=o270100080181|Strong=6113|Frame=A0:270100070031;A1:270100080191;|Type=qatal 33 כֹּֽחַ כֹּחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 obj _ Gloss=strength|Ref=DAN_10:8!19|MId=o270100080191|Strong=3581|SpaceAfter=No 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=DAN_10:8!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נִשְׁאַרְתִּי *I was left behind* | qatal · niphal | | אֲנִי *I* | | | | אֶרְאֶה *I saw* | wayyiqtol · qal | | מַּרְאָה *vision* | | | | **not** נִשְׁאַר־ *it remained* | qatal · niphal | | כֹּח *strength* | | | | נֶהְפַּךְ *it was changed* | qatal · niphal | | הוֹד *vigor* | | | | **not** עָצַרְתִּי *I retained* | qatal · qal | | כֹּֽחַ *strength* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [So that I was left alone, and saw this great vision, and there remained no strength in me; for my comeliness was turned in me into corruption, and I retained no strength.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.299/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DAN:85`. - ← previous: [Daniel 10:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.10.7/) - next →: [Daniel 10:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.10.9/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/10/)