--- title: Daniel 11:25 — And he shall stir up his power and his courage against the king of t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he shall stir up his power and his courage against the king of the south with a great army; and the king of the south shall stir himself up to battle with a very great and mighty army; but he shall not stand, for they shall devise devices against him. Who acts: strength, king, kings. Daniel 11:2 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.11.25/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/11/) / 11:25 # Daniel 11:25 דָּנִיֵּאל **Who acts:** strength, king, kings · **What happens:** stir up, not stand, devise · **To what, where:** power, strength, devices This is Daniel 11:25 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — strength, king, kings — and what happens in the verse to power, strength, devices, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְיָעֵר֩ כֹּח֨וֹ וּלְבָב֜וֹ עַל־מֶ֣לֶךְ הַנֶּגֶב֮ בְּחַ֣יִל גָּדוֹל֒ וּמֶ֣לֶךְ הַנֶּ֗גֶב יִתְגָּרֶה֙ לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה בְּחַֽיִל־גָּד֥וֹל וְעָצ֖וּם עַד־מְאֹ֑ד וְלֹ֣א יַעֲמֹ֔ד כִּֽי־יַחְשְׁב֥וּ עָלָ֖יו מַחֲשָׁבֽוֹת׃ [And he shall stir up his power and his courage against the king of the south with a great army; and the king of the south shall stir himself up to battle with a very great and mighty army; but he shall not stand, for they shall devise devices against him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.338/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DAN:123 # text = וְיָעֵר֩ כֹּח֨וֹ וּלְבָב֜וֹ עַל־מֶ֣לֶךְ הַנֶּגֶב֮ בְּחַ֣יִל גָּדוֹל֒ וּמֶ֣לֶךְ הַנֶּ֗גֶב יִתְגָּרֶה֙ לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה בְּחַֽיִל־גָּד֥וֹל וְעָצ֖וּם עַד־מְאֹ֑ד וְלֹ֣א יַעֲמֹ֔ד כִּֽי־יַחְשְׁב֥וּ עָלָ֖יו מַחֲשָׁבֽוֹת׃ # verse = DAN.11.25 1-2 וְיָעֵר֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_11:25!1|MId=o270110250011|Strong=2050b 2 יָעֵר֩ עוּר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.will.stir.up|Ref=DAN_11:25!1|MId=o270110250012|Strong=5782|Frame=AA:270110210041;A0:270110250021;270110250032;|Type=jussive 3-4 כֹּח֨וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 כֹּח כֹּחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=strength|Ref=DAN_11:25!2|MId=o270110250021|Strong=3581 4 ֨וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=DAN_11:25!2|MId=o270110250022|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 5-7 וּלְבָב֜וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_11:25!3|MId=o270110250031|Strong=2050b 6 לְבָב לֵבָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 conj _ Gloss=heart|Ref=DAN_11:25!3|MId=o270110250032|Strong=3824 7 ֜וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=DAN_11:25!3|MId=o270110250033|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 8 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=DAN_11:25!4|MId=o270110250041|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 9 מֶ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=DAN_11:25!5|MId=o270110250051|Strong=4428 10-11 הַנֶּגֶב֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=DAN_11:25!6|MId=o270110250061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 נֶּגֶב֮ נֶגֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.south|Ref=DAN_11:25!6|MId=o270110250062|Strong=5045 12-13 בְּחַ֣יִל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DAN_11:25!7|MId=o270110250071|Strong=0871a 13 חַ֣יִל חַיִל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=an.army|Ref=DAN_11:25!7|MId=o270110250072|Strong=2428 14 גָּדוֹל֒ גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 amod _ Gloss=large|Ref=DAN_11:25!8|MId=o270110250081|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 15-16 וּמֶ֣לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_11:25!9|MId=o270110250091|Strong=2050b 16 מֶ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=DAN_11:25!9|MId=o270110250092|Strong=4428 17-18 הַנֶּ֗גֶב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=DAN_11:25!10|MId=o270110250101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 נֶּ֗גֶב נֶגֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.south|Ref=DAN_11:25!10|MId=o270110250102|Strong=5045 19 יִתְגָּרֶה֙ גָּרָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.will.get.ready|Ref=DAN_11:25!11|MId=o270110250111|Strong=1624|Frame=A0:270110250092;|Type=yiqtol 20-22 לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=DAN_11:25!12|MId=o270110250121|Strong=3807a 21 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DAN_11:25!12|MId=o270110250121ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 מִּלְחָמָ֔ה מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 19 obl _ Gloss=battle|Ref=DAN_11:25!12|MId=o270110250122|Strong=4421 23-24 בְּחַֽיִל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DAN_11:25!13|MId=o270110250131|Strong=0871a 24 חַֽיִל־ חַיִל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 obl _ Gloss=an.army|Ref=DAN_11:25!13|MId=o270110250132|Strong=2428 25 גָּד֥וֹל גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 amod _ Gloss=large|Ref=DAN_11:25!14|MId=o270110250141|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 26-27 וְעָצ֖וּם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_11:25!15|MId=o270110250151|Strong=2050b 27 עָצ֖וּם עָצוּם ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 amod _ Gloss=mighty|Ref=DAN_11:25!15|MId=o270110250152|Strong=6099|Type=adjective 28 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=up.to|Ref=DAN_11:25!16|MId=o270110250161|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 29 מְאֹ֑ד מְאֹד ADV _ _ 25 nmod _ Gloss=muchness|Ref=DAN_11:25!17|MId=o270110250171|Strong=3966 30-31 וְלֹ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_11:25!18|MId=o270110250181|Strong=2050b 31 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 32 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=DAN_11:25!18|MId=o270110250182|Strong=3808|Type=negative 32 יַעֲמֹ֔ד עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.will.stand|Ref=DAN_11:25!19|MId=o270110250191|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:270110250092;|Type=yiqtol 33 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 34 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=DAN_11:25!20|MId=o270110250201|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 34 יַחְשְׁב֥וּ חָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=people.will.plan|Ref=DAN_11:25!21|MId=o270110250211|Strong=2803|Frame=A0:270110260012;A1:270110250231;|Type=yiqtol 35-36 עָלָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 עָלָ֖י עַל ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=DAN_11:25!22|MId=o270110250221|Strong=5921 36 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=DAN_11:25!22|MId=o270110250222|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 37 מַחֲשָׁבֽוֹת מַחֲשָׁבָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 34 obj _ Gloss=plans|Ref=DAN_11:25!23|MId=o270110250231|Strong=4284|SpaceAfter=No 38 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=DAN_11:25!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָעֵר *he will stir up* | jussive · hiphil | כֹּח *strength* + לְבָב *heart* | | | | | יִתְגָּרֶה *he will get ready* | yiqtol · hithpael | מֶלֶךְ *the king* | | | | | **not** יַעֲמֹד *he will stand* | yiqtol · qal | מֶלֶךְ *the king* | | | | | יַחְשְׁבוּ *people will plan* | yiqtol · qal | | מַחֲשָׁבֽוֹת *plans* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he shall stir up his power and his courage against the king of the south with a great army; and the king of the south shall stir himself up to battle with a very great and mighty army; but he shall not stand, for they shall devise devices against him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.338/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DAN:123`. - ← previous: [Daniel 11:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.11.24/) - next →: [Daniel 11:26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.11.26/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/11/)