--- title: Daniel 2:31 — Thou, O king, sawest, and behold a great image. This image, which wa… · Aramaic, tree and pragmatics description: Thou, O king, sawest, and behold a great image. This image, which was mighty, and whose brightness was surpassing, stood before thee; and the appearance thereof was terrible. Who acts: Thou, image, brightness, appearance. Daniel 2:31 in Biblical Aramaic with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pra --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.2.31/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/2/) / 2:31 # Daniel 2:31 דָּנִיֵּאל **Who acts:** Thou, image, brightness, appearance · **What happens:** see, behold, be, stand · **To what, where:** great image, thee This is Daniel 2:31 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — Thou, image, brightness, appearance — and what happens in the verse to great image, thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אַ֣נְתְּהמַלְכָּ֗א חָזֵ֤ה הֲוַ֙יְתָ֙ וַאֲל֨וּ צְלֵ֥ם חַד֙ שַׂגִּ֔יא צַלְמָ֨א דִּכֵּ֥ן רַ֛ב וְזִיוֵ֥הּ יַתִּ֖יר קָאֵ֣ם לְקָבְלָ֑ךְ וְרֵוֵ֖הּ דְּחִֽיל׃ [Thou, O king, sawest, and behold a great image.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.54/) [This image, which was mighty, and whose brightness was surpassing, stood before thee; and the appearance thereof was terrible.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.55/) ## The tree {#tree} This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc-arc:DAN:27 # text = אַ֣נְתְּהמַלְכָּ֗א חָזֵ֤ה הֲוַ֙יְתָ֙ וַאֲל֨וּ צְלֵ֥ם חַד֙ שַׂגִּ֔יא צַלְמָ֨א דִּכֵּ֥ן רַ֛ב וְזִיוֵ֥הּ יַתִּ֖יר קָאֵ֣ם לְקָבְלָ֑ךְ וְרֵוֵ֖הּ דְּחִֽיל׃ # verse = DAN.2.31 1-3 אַ֣נְתְּהמַלְכָּ֗א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 אַ֣נְתְּה אַנְתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=DAN_2:31!1|MId=o270020310011|Strong=0607|Lang=arc|Type=personal 2 מַלְכּ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 dislocated _ Gloss=O|Ref=DAN_2:31!2|MId=o270020310021|Strong=4430|Lang=arc 3 ָ֗א א DET _ PronType=Art 2 det _ Gloss=king|Ref=DAN_2:31!2|MId=o270020310022|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 4 חָזֵ֤ה חֲזָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HAPHEL|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=seeing|Ref=DAN_2:31!3|MId=o270020310031|Strong=2370|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270020310011;|Type=participle_active 5 הֲוַ֙יְתָ֙ הוה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 4 dep _ Gloss=you.were|Ref=DAN_2:31!4|MId=o270020310041|Strong=1934|Lang=arc|Type=qatal 6-7 וַאֲל֨וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_2:31!5|MId=o270020310051|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 7 אֲל֨וּ אֲלוּ INTJ _ _ 8 discourse _ Gloss=lo!|Ref=DAN_2:31!5|MId=o270020310052|Strong=0431|Lang=arc|Type=demonstrative 8 צְלֵ֥ם צְלֵם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=an.image|Ref=DAN_2:31!6|MId=o270020310061|Strong=6755|Lang=arc 9 חַד֙ חַד NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 nummod _ Gloss=one|Ref=DAN_2:31!7|MId=o270020310071|Strong=2298|Lang=arc|Type=cardinal_number 10 שַׂגִּ֔יא שַׂגִּיא ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=DAN_2:31!8|MId=o270020310081|Strong=7690|Lang=arc|Type=adjective 11-12 צַלְמָ֨א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 צַלְמ צְלֵם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ Gloss=the|Ref=DAN_2:31!9|MId=o270020310091|Strong=6755|Lang=arc 12 ָ֨א א DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=image|Ref=DAN_2:31!9|MId=o270020310092|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 13 דִּכֵּ֥ן דִּכֵּן DET _ Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 11 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=DAN_2:31!10|MId=o270020310101|Strong=1797|Lang=arc|Type=demonstrative 14 רַ֛ב רַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 parataxis _ Gloss=[was].great|Ref=DAN_2:31!11|MId=o270020310111|Strong=7229|Lang=arc|Type=adjective 15-17 וְזִיוֵ֥הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_2:31!12|MId=o270020310121|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 16 זִיו זִיו NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ Gloss=splendor|Ref=DAN_2:31!12|MId=o270020310122|Strong=2122|Lang=arc 17 ֵ֥הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=DAN_2:31!12|MId=o270020310123|Strong=1886h|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 18 יַתִּ֖יר יַתִּיר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=[was].extraordinary|Ref=DAN_2:31!13|MId=o270020310131|Strong=3493|Lang=arc|Type=adjective 19 קָאֵ֣ם קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing 4 parataxis _ Gloss=[was].standing|Ref=DAN_2:31!14|MId=o270020310141|Strong=6966|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270020310091;|Type=participle_active 20-22 לְקָבְלָ֑ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=DAN_2:31!15|MId=o270020310151|Strong=3807b|Lang=arc 21 קָבְל קֳבֵל NOUN _ _ 19 obl _ Gloss=before|Ref=DAN_2:31!15|MId=o270020310152|Strong=6903|Lang=arc 22 ָ֑ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=you|Ref=DAN_2:31!15|MId=o270020310153|Strong=3509e|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 23-25 וְרֵוֵ֖הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_2:31!16|MId=o270020310161|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 24 רֵו רֵו NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ Gloss=appearance|Ref=DAN_2:31!16|MId=o270020310162|Strong=7299|Lang=arc 25 ֵ֖הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=DAN_2:31!16|MId=o270020310163|Strong=1886h|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 26 דְּחִֽיל דְּחַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEIL|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=[was].terrible|Ref=DAN_2:31!17|MId=o270020310171|Strong=1763|Lang=arc|Frame=A1:270020310162;|Type=participle_passive|SpaceAfter=No 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=DAN_2:31!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | חָזֵה *seeing* | participle active · haphel | אַנְתְּה *you* | | | | | קָאֵם *\[was\] standing* | participle active · peal | צַלְמ *the* | | | | | דְּחִֽיל *\[was\] terrible* | participle passive · peil | | רֵו *appearance* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Thou, O king, sawest, and behold a great image.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.54/) 2. [This image, which was mighty, and whose brightness was surpassing, stood before thee; and the appearance thereof was terrible.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.55/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc-arc:DAN:27`. - ← previous: [Daniel 2:30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.2.30/) - next →: [Daniel 2:32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.2.32/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/2/)