--- title: Daniel 2:43 — And whereas thou sawest the iron mixed with miry clay, they shall mi… · Aramaic, tree and pragmatics description: And whereas thou sawest the iron mixed with miry clay, they shall mingle themselves by the seed of men; but they shall not cleave one to another, even as iron doth not mingle with clay. Who acts: thou, toes, iron. Daniel 2:43 in Biblical Aramaic with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.2.43/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/2/) / 2:43 # Daniel 2:43 דָּנִיֵּאל **Who acts:** thou, toes, iron · **What happens:** see, mix, mingle, not cleave, not mingle · **To what, where:** iron, toes, one This is Daniel 2:43 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, toes, iron — and what happens in the verse to iron, toes, one, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְדִ֣י חֲזַ֗יְתָ פַּרְזְלָא֙ מְעָרַב֙ בַּחֲסַ֣ף טִינָ֔א מִתְעָרְבִ֤ין לֶהֱוֺן֙ בִּזְרַ֣ע אֲנָשָׁ֔א וְלָֽא־לֶהֱוֺ֥ן דָּבְקִ֖ין דְּנָ֣ה עִם־דְּנָ֑ה הֵֽא־כְדִ֣י פַרְזְלָ֔א לָ֥א מִתְעָרַ֖ב עִם־חַסְפָּֽא׃ [And whereas thou sawest the iron mixed with miry clay, they shall mingle themselves by the seed of men; but they shall not cleave one to another, even as iron doth not mingle with clay.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.67/) ## The tree {#tree} This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc-arc:DAN:39 # text = וְדִ֣י חֲזַ֗יְתָ פַּרְזְלָא֙ מְעָרַב֙ בַּחֲסַ֣ף טִינָ֔א מִתְעָרְבִ֤ין לֶהֱוֺן֙ בִּזְרַ֣ע אֲנָשָׁ֔א וְלָֽא־לֶהֱוֺ֥ן דָּבְקִ֖ין דְּנָ֣ה עִם־דְּנָ֑ה הֵֽא־כְדִ֣י פַרְזְלָ֔א לָ֥א מִתְעָרַ֖ב עִם־חַסְפָּֽא׃ # verse = DAN.2.43 1-2 וְדִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_2:43!2|MId=o270020430021|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 2 דִ֣י דִּי SCONJ _ _ 3 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=DAN_2:43!2|MId=o270020430022|Strong=1768|Lang=arc 3 חֲזַ֗יְתָ חֲזָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 11 parataxis _ Gloss=you.saw|Ref=DAN_2:43!3|MId=o270020430031|Strong=2370|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270020370021;A1:270020430051;|Type=qatal 4-5 פַּרְזְלָא֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 פַּרְזְל פַּרְזֶל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ Gloss=the|Ref=DAN_2:43!4|MId=o270020430041|Strong=6523|Lang=arc 5 ָא֙ א DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=iron|Ref=DAN_2:43!4|MId=o270020430042|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 6 מְעָרַב֙ עֲרַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PAEL|Number=Sing 3 ccomp _ Gloss=mixed|Ref=DAN_2:43!5|MId=o270020430051|Strong=6151|Lang=arc|Frame=A1:270020430041;|Type=participle_passive 7-8 בַּחֲסַ֣ף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DAN_2:43!6|MId=o270020430061|Strong=0871b|Lang=arc 8 חֲסַ֣ף חֲסַף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=the.clay|Ref=DAN_2:43!6|MId=o270020430062|Strong=2635|Lang=arc 9-10 טִינָ֔א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 טִינ טִין NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=DAN_2:43!7|MId=o270020430071|Strong=2917|Lang=arc 10 ָ֔א א DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the.clay|Ref=DAN_2:43!7|MId=o270020430072|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 11 מִתְעָרְבִ֤ין עֲרַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAAL|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=mixing|Ref=DAN_2:43!8|MId=o270020430081|Strong=6151|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:;|Type=participle_passive 12 לֶהֱוֺן֙ הוה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 11 dep _ Gloss=they.will.be|Ref=DAN_2:43!9|MId=o270020430091|Strong=1934|Lang=arc|Type=yiqtol 13-14 בִּזְרַ֣ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DAN_2:43!10|MId=o270020430101|Strong=0871b|Lang=arc 14 זְרַ֣ע זְרַע NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=the.offspring|Ref=DAN_2:43!10|MId=o270020430102|Strong=2234|Lang=arc 15-16 אֲנָשָׁ֔א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 אֲנָשׁ אֱנָשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=DAN_2:43!11|MId=o270020430111|Strong=0606|Lang=arc 16 ָ֔א א DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=humankind|Ref=DAN_2:43!11|MId=o270020430112|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 17-18 וְלָֽא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_2:43!12|MId=o270020430121|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 18 לָֽא־ לָא ADV _ _ 19 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=DAN_2:43!12|MId=o270020430122|Strong=3809|Lang=arc|Type=negative 19 לֶהֱוֺ֥ן הוה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 11 conj _ Gloss=they.will.be|Ref=DAN_2:43!13|MId=o270020430131|Strong=1934|Lang=arc|Type=yiqtol 20 דָּבְקִ֖ין דְּבֵק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Plur 19 dep _ Gloss=clinging|Ref=DAN_2:43!14|MId=o270020430141|Strong=1693|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270020430151;|Type=participle_active 21 דְּנָ֣ה דְּנָה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 19 nsubj _ Gloss=this|Ref=DAN_2:43!15|MId=o270020430151|Strong=1836|Lang=arc|Type=demonstrative 22 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DAN_2:43!16|MId=o270020430161|Strong=5974|Lang=arc|SpaceAfter=No 23 דְּנָ֑ה דְּנָה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 19 obl _ Gloss=this|Ref=DAN_2:43!17|MId=o270020430171|Strong=1836|Lang=arc|Type=demonstrative 24 הֵֽא־ הֵא INTJ _ _ 25 discourse _ Gloss=here!|Ref=DAN_2:43!18|MId=o270020430181|Strong=1888a|Lang=arc|Type=demonstrative|SpaceAfter=No 25-26 כְדִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 כְ כְּ ADP _ _ 11 parataxis _ Gloss=like|Ref=DAN_2:43!19|MId=o270020430191|Strong=3509d|Lang=arc 26 דִ֣י דִּי SCONJ _ _ 30 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=DAN_2:43!19|MId=o270020430192|Strong=1768|Lang=arc 27-28 פַרְזְלָ֔א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 פַרְזְל פַּרְזֶל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 nsubj _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=DAN_2:43!20|MId=o270020430201|Strong=6523|Lang=arc 28 ָ֔א א DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=iron|Ref=DAN_2:43!20|MId=o270020430202|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 29 לָ֥א לָא ADV _ _ 30 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=DAN_2:43!21|MId=o270020430211|Strong=3809|Lang=arc|Type=negative 30 מִתְעָרַ֖ב עֲרַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAAL|Number=Sing 25 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[is].mixing|Ref=DAN_2:43!22|MId=o270020430221|Strong=6151|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270020430201;|Type=participle_active 31 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DAN_2:43!23|MId=o270020430231|Strong=5974|Lang=arc|SpaceAfter=No 32-33 חַסְפָּֽא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 חַסְפּ חֲסַף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 obl _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=DAN_2:43!24|MId=o270020430241|Strong=2635|Lang=arc 33 ָֽא א DET _ PronType=Art 32 det _ Gloss=clay|Ref=DAN_2:43!24|MId=o270020430242|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=DAN_2:43!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | חֲזַיְתָ *you saw* | qatal · peal | | מְעָרַב *mixed* | | | | מְעָרַב *mixed* | participle passive · pael | | פַּרְזְל *the* | | | | מִתְעָרְבִין *mixing* | participle passive · hithpaal | | | | | | דָּבְקִין *clinging* | participle active · peal | דְּנָה *this* | | | | | מִתְעָרַב *\[is\] mixing* | participle active · hithpaal | פַרְזְל *(the)* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And whereas thou sawest the iron mixed with miry clay, they shall mingle themselves by the seed of men; but they shall not cleave one to another, even as iron doth not mingle with clay.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.67/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc-arc:DAN:39`. - ← previous: [Daniel 2:42](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.2.42/) - next →: [Daniel 2:44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.2.44/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/2/)