--- title: Daniel 3:12 — There are certain Jews whom thou hast appointed over the affairs of… · Aramaic, tree and pragmatics description: There are certain Jews whom thou hast appointed over the affairs of the province of Babylon, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego; these men, O king, have not regarded thee: they serve not thy gods, nor worship the golden image which thou hast set up.' Who acts: certain Jews, thou, men, Jews. Daniel 3:1 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/3/) / 3:12 # Daniel 3:12 דָּנִיֵּאל **Who acts:** certain Jews, thou, men, Jews · **What happens:** be, appoint, not regard, not serve, worship, set up · **To what, where:** certain Jews, affairs, thee, gods, golden image This is Daniel 3:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — certain Jews, thou, men, Jews — and what happens in the verse to certain Jews, affairs, thee, gods, golden image, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אִיתַ֞י גֻּבְרִ֣ין יְהוּדָאיִ֗ן דִּֽי־מַנִּ֤יתָ יָתְהוֹן֙ עַל־עֲבִידַת֙ מְדִינַ֣ת בָּבֶ֔ל שַׁדְרַ֥ךְ מֵישַׁ֖ךְ וַעֲבֵ֣ד נְג֑וֹ עֲבֵ֣ד נְג֑וֹ גֻּבְרַיָּ֣א אִלֵּ֗ךְ לָא־שָׂ֨מֽוּ עֲלָ֤ךְ מַלְכָּא֙ טְעֵ֔ם לֵֽאלָהָךְ֙ לָ֣א פָלְחִ֔ין וּלְצֶ֧לֶם דַּהֲבָ֛א דִּ֥י הֲקֵ֖ימְתָּ לָ֥א סָגְדִֽין׃ס [There are certain Jews whom thou hast appointed over the affairs of the province of Babylon, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego; these men, O king, have not regarded thee: they serve not thy gods, nor worship the golden image which thou hast set up.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.85/) ## The tree {#tree} This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc-arc:DAN:57 # text = אִיתַ֞י גֻּבְרִ֣ין יְהוּדָאיִ֗ן דִּֽי־מַנִּ֤יתָ יָתְהוֹן֙ עַל־עֲבִידַת֙ מְדִינַ֣ת בָּבֶ֔ל שַׁדְרַ֥ךְ מֵישַׁ֖ךְ וַעֲבֵ֣ד נְג֑וֹ עֲבֵ֣ד נְג֑וֹ גֻּבְרַיָּ֣א אִלֵּ֗ךְ לָא־שָׂ֨מֽוּ עֲלָ֤ךְ מַלְכָּא֙ טְעֵ֔ם לֵֽאלָהָךְ֙ לָ֣א פָלְחִ֔ין וּלְצֶ֧לֶם דַּהֲבָ֛א דִּ֥י הֲקֵ֖ימְתָּ לָ֥א סָגְדִֽין׃ס # verse = DAN.3.12 1 אִיתַ֞י אִיתַי NOUN _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=there|Ref=DAN_3:12!1|MId=o270030120011|Strong=0383|Lang=arc|Type=affirmation 2 גֻּבְרִ֣ין גְּבַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 nsubj _ Gloss=[are].men|Ref=DAN_3:12!2|MId=o270030120021|Strong=1400|Lang=arc 3 יְהוּדָאיִ֗ן יְהוּדַי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 appos _ Gloss=Jewish|Ref=DAN_3:12!3|MId=o270030120031|Strong=3062|Lang=arc|Type=gentilic 4 דִּֽי־ דִּי SCONJ _ _ 5 mark _ Gloss=whom|Ref=DAN_3:12!4|MId=o270030120041|Strong=1768|Lang=arc|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 5 מַנִּ֤יתָ מְנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PAEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 acl:relcl _ Gloss=you.have.appointed|Ref=DAN_3:12!5|MId=o270030120051|Strong=4483|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270030100031;A1:270030120062;|Type=qatal 6-7 יָתְהוֹן֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 יָת יָת ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=DAN_3:12!6|MId=o270030120061|Strong=3487|Lang=arc|Type=direct_object_marker 7 ְהוֹן֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=DAN_3:12!6|MId=o270030120062|Strong=1952a|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 8 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=DAN_3:12!7|MId=o270030120071|Strong=5922|Lang=arc|SpaceAfter=No 9 עֲבִידַת֙ עֲבִידָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 5 obl _ Gloss=the.administration|Ref=DAN_3:12!8|MId=o270030120081|Strong=5673|Lang=arc 10 מְדִינַ֣ת מְדִינָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.province|Ref=DAN_3:12!9|MId=o270030120091|Strong=4083|Lang=arc 11 בָּבֶ֔ל בָּבֶל PROPN _ _ 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Babylon|Ref=DAN_3:12!10|MId=o270030120101|Strong=0895|Lang=arc 12 שַׁדְרַ֥ךְ שַׁדְרַךְ PROPN _ _ 2 appos _ Gloss=Shadrach|Ref=DAN_3:12!11|MId=o270030120111|Strong=7715|Lang=arc 13 מֵישַׁ֖ךְ מֵישַׁךְ PROPN _ _ 12 conj _ Gloss=Meshach|Ref=DAN_3:12!12|MId=o270030120121|Strong=4336|Lang=arc 14-15 וַעֲבֵ֣ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=|Ref=DAN_3:12!13|MId=o270030120131|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 15 עֲבֵ֣ד עֲבֵד PROPN _ _ 12 conj _ Gloss=and.Abednego|Ref=DAN_3:12!13|MId=o270030120132|Lang=arc 16 נְג֑וֹ נְגוֹ PROPN _ _ 15 flat:name _ Ref=DAN_3:12!13 17 עֲבֵ֣ד עֲבֵד PROPN _ _ 12 conj _ Gloss=and.Abednego|Ref=DAN_3:12!14|MId=o270030120141|Lang=arc 18 נְג֑וֹ נְגוֹ PROPN _ _ 17 flat:name _ Ref=DAN_3:12!14 19-20 גֻּבְרַיָּ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 גֻּבְרַיּ גְּבַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ Gloss=the|Ref=DAN_3:12!15|MId=o270030120151|Strong=1400|Lang=arc 20 ָ֣א א DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=men|Ref=DAN_3:12!15|MId=o270030120152|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 21 אִלֵּ֗ךְ אִלֵּךְ DET _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 19 det _ Gloss=these|Ref=DAN_3:12!16|MId=o270030120161|Strong=0479|Lang=arc|Type=demonstrative 22 לָא־ לָא ADV _ _ 23 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=DAN_3:12!17|MId=o270030120171|Strong=3809|Lang=arc|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 23 שָׂ֨מֽוּ שׂים VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 1 parataxis _ Gloss=they.have.set|Ref=DAN_3:12!18|MId=o270030120181|Strong=7761|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270030120141;A1:270030120211;|Type=qatal 24-25 עֲלָ֤ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 עֲל עַל ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DAN_3:12!20|MId=o270030120201|Strong=5922|Lang=arc 25 ָ֤ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 23 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=DAN_3:12!20|MId=o270030120202|Strong=3509e|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 26-27 מַלְכָּא֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 מַלְכּ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 parataxis _ Gloss=O|Ref=DAN_3:12!21|MId=o270030120211|Strong=4430|Lang=arc 27 ָא֙ א DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=king|Ref=DAN_3:12!21|MId=o270030120212|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 28 טְעֵ֔ם טְעֵם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 obj _ Gloss=discretion|Ref=DAN_3:12!22|MId=o270030120221|Strong=2942|Lang=arc 29-31 לֵֽאלָהָךְ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 לֵֽ לְ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DAN_3:12!24|MId=o270030120241|Strong=3807b|Lang=arc 30 אלָה אֱלָהּ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 33 obl _ Gloss=god|Ref=DAN_3:12!24|MId=o270030120242|Strong=0426|Lang=arc 31 ָךְ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=DAN_3:12!24|MId=o270030120243|Strong=3509e|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 32 לָ֣א לָא ADV _ _ 33 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=DAN_3:12!25|MId=o270030120251|Strong=3809|Lang=arc|Type=negative 33 פָלְחִ֔ין פְּלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Plur 1 parataxis _ Gloss=[they.are].paying.reverence|Ref=DAN_3:12!26|MId=o270030120261|Strong=6399|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270030120141;|Type=participle_active 34-36 וּלְצֶ֧לֶם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 42 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_3:12!27|MId=o270030120271|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 35 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DAN_3:12!27|MId=o270030120272|Strong=3807b|Lang=arc 36 צֶ֧לֶם צְלֵם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 42 obl _ Gloss=the.image|Ref=DAN_3:12!27|MId=o270030120273|Strong=6755|Lang=arc 37-38 דַּהֲבָ֛א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 דַּהֲב דְּהַב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 36 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=DAN_3:12!28|MId=o270030120281|Strong=1722|Lang=arc 38 ָ֛א א DET _ PronType=Art 37 det _ Gloss=gold|Ref=DAN_3:12!28|MId=o270030120282|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 39 דִּ֥י דִּי SCONJ _ _ 40 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=DAN_3:12!29|MId=o270030120291|Strong=1768|Lang=arc|Type=relative 40 הֲקֵ֖ימְתָּ קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HAPHEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 36 acl:relcl _ Gloss=you.have.set.up|Ref=DAN_3:12!30|MId=o270030120301|Strong=6966|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270030120201;A1:270030120263;|Type=qatal 41 לָ֥א לָא ADV _ _ 42 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=DAN_3:12!31|MId=o270030120311|Strong=3809|Lang=arc|Type=negative 42 סָגְדִֽין סְגִד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Plur 33 conj _ Gloss=[they.are].paying.homage|Ref=DAN_3:12!32|MId=o270030120321|Strong=5457|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270030120141;|Type=participle_active|SpaceAfter=No 43 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 42 punct _ Ref=DAN_3:12!32|SpaceAfter=No 44 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 42 punct _ Ref=DAN_3:12!32 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מַנִּיתָ *you have appointed* | qatal · pael | | ְהוֹן *them* | | | | שָׂמֽוּ *they have set* | qatal · peal | עֲבֵד *and Abednego* | מַלְכּ *O* | | | | פָלְחִין *\[they are\] paying reverence* | participle active · peal | עֲבֵד *and Abednego* | | | | | הֲקֵימְתָּ *you have set up* | qatal · haphel | עֲל *to* | | | | | סָגְדִֽין *\[they are\] paying homage* | participle active · peal | עֲבֵד *and Abednego* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [There are certain Jews whom thou hast appointed over the affairs of the province of Babylon, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego; these men, O king, have not regarded thee: they serve not thy gods, nor worship the golden image which thou hast set up.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.85/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc-arc:DAN:57`. - ← previous: [Daniel 3:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.11/) - next →: [Daniel 3:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.13/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/3/)