--- title: Daniel 3:16 — Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, answered and said to the king: 'O… · Aramaic, tree and pragmatics description: Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, answered and said to the king: 'O Nebuchadnezzar, we have no need to answer thee in this matter. Who acts: Shadrach, we. Daniel 3:16 in Biblical Aramaic with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/3/) / 3:16 # Daniel 3:16 דָּנִיֵּאל **Who acts:** Shadrach, we · **What happens:** answer, say, have · **To what, where:** need, thee, matter · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Daniel 3:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — Shadrach, we — and what happens in the verse to need, thee, matter, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. עֲנ֗וֹ שַׁדְרַ֤ךְ מֵישַׁךְ֙ וַעֲבֵ֣ד נְג֔וֹ עֲבֵ֣ד נְג֔וֹ וְאָמְרִ֖ין לְמַלְכָּ֑א נְבֽוּכַדְנֶצַּ֔ר לָֽא־חַשְׁחִ֨ין אֲנַ֧חְנָה עַל־דְּנָ֛ה פִּתְגָ֖ם לַהֲתָבוּתָֽךְ׃ [Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, answered and said to the king: 'O Nebuchadnezzar, we have no need to answer thee in this matter.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.90/) ## The tree {#tree} This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc-arc:DAN:61 # text = עֲנ֗וֹ שַׁדְרַ֤ךְ מֵישַׁךְ֙ וַעֲבֵ֣ד נְג֔וֹ עֲבֵ֣ד נְג֔וֹ וְאָמְרִ֖ין לְמַלְכָּ֑א נְבֽוּכַדְנֶצַּ֔ר לָֽא־חַשְׁחִ֨ין אֲנַ֧חְנָה עַל־דְּנָ֛ה פִּתְגָ֖ם לַהֲתָבוּתָֽךְ׃ # verse = DAN.3.16 1 עֲנ֗וֹ עֲנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.replied|Ref=DAN_3:16!1|MId=o270030160011|Strong=6032|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270030160021;270030160031;270030160042;|Type=qatal 2 שַׁדְרַ֤ךְ שַׁדְרַךְ PROPN _ _ 1 nsubj _ Gloss=Shadrach|Ref=DAN_3:16!2|MId=o270030160021|Strong=7715|Lang=arc 3 מֵישַׁךְ֙ מֵישַׁךְ PROPN _ _ 2 conj _ Gloss=Meshach|Ref=DAN_3:16!3|MId=o270030160031|Strong=4336|Lang=arc 4-5 וַעֲבֵ֣ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=|Ref=DAN_3:16!4|MId=o270030160041|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 5 עֲבֵ֣ד עֲבֵד PROPN _ _ 2 conj _ Gloss=and.Abednego|Ref=DAN_3:16!4|MId=o270030160042|Lang=arc 6 נְג֔וֹ נְגוֹ PROPN _ _ 5 flat:name _ Ref=DAN_3:16!4 7 עֲבֵ֣ד עֲבֵד PROPN _ _ 2 conj _ Gloss=and.Abednego|Ref=DAN_3:16!5|MId=o270030160051|Lang=arc 8 נְג֔וֹ נְגוֹ PROPN _ _ 7 flat:name _ Ref=DAN_3:16!5 9-10 וְאָמְרִ֖ין _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_3:16!6|MId=o270030160061|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 10 אָמְרִ֖ין אֲמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Plur 1 conj _ Gloss=[they.were].saying|Ref=DAN_3:16!6|MId=o270030160062|Strong=0560|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270030160021;270030160031;270030160042;|Type=participle_active 11-13 לְמַלְכָּ֑א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DAN_3:16!7|MId=o270030160071|Strong=3807b|Lang=arc 12 מַלְכּ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=the|Ref=DAN_3:16!7|MId=o270030160072|Strong=4430|Lang=arc 13 ָ֑א א DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=king|Ref=DAN_3:16!7|MId=o270030160073|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 14 נְבֽוּכַדְנֶצַּ֔ר נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר PROPN _ _ 12 appos _ Gloss=O.Nebuchadnezzar|Ref=DAN_3:16!8|MId=o270030160081|Strong=5020|Lang=arc 15 לָֽא־ לָא ADV _ _ 16 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=DAN_3:16!9|MId=o270030160091|Strong=3809|Lang=arc|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 16 חַשְׁחִ֨ין חֲשַׁח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Plur 10 ccomp _ Gloss=[are].needing|Ref=DAN_3:16!10|MId=o270030160101|Strong=2818|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270030160101;|Type=participle_active 17 אֲנַ֧חְנָה אֲנַחְנָא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ Gloss=we|Ref=DAN_3:16!11|MId=o270030160111|Strong=0586|Lang=arc|Type=personal 18 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=concerning|Ref=DAN_3:16!12|MId=o270030160121|Strong=5922|Lang=arc|SpaceAfter=No 19 דְּנָ֛ה דְּנָה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 16 obl _ Gloss=this|Ref=DAN_3:16!13|MId=o270030160131|Strong=1836|Lang=arc|Type=demonstrative 20 פִּתְגָ֖ם פִּתְגָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 xcomp _ Gloss=affair|Ref=DAN_3:16!14|MId=o270030160141|Strong=6600|Lang=arc 21-23 לַהֲתָבוּתָֽךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DAN_3:16!15|MId=o270030160151|Strong=3807b|Lang=arc 22 הֲתָבוּת תּוּב VERB _ HebBinyan=HAPHEL 16 advcl _ Gloss=send|Ref=DAN_3:16!15|MId=o270030160152|Strong=8421|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270030160021;270030160031;270030160042;A2:270030160143;A1:270030160131;|Type=infinitive_construct 23 ָֽךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ Gloss=back.to.you|Ref=DAN_3:16!15|MId=o270030160153|Strong=3509e|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=DAN_3:16!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עֲנוֹ *they replied* | qatal · peal | שַׁדְרַךְ *Shadrach* + מֵישַׁךְ *Meshach* + עֲבֵד *and Abednego* | | | | | אָמְרִין *\[they were\] saying* | participle active · peal | שַׁדְרַךְ *Shadrach* + מֵישַׁךְ *Meshach* + עֲבֵד *and Abednego* | | | | | חַשְׁחִין *\[are\] needing* | participle active · peal | חַשְׁחִין *\[are\] needing* | | | | | הֲתָבוּת *send* | infinitive construct · haphel | שַׁדְרַךְ *Shadrach* + מֵישַׁךְ *Meshach* + עֲבֵד *and Abednego* | דְּנָה *this* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, answered and said to the king: 'O Nebuchadnezzar, we have no need to answer thee in this matter.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.90/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc-arc:DAN:61`. - ← previous: [Daniel 3:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.15/) - next →: [Daniel 3:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.17/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/3/)