--- title: Daniel 3:20 — And he commanded certain mighty men that were in his army to bind Sh… · Aramaic, tree and pragmatics description: And he commanded certain mighty men that were in his army to bind Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, and to cast them into the burning fiery furnace. Who acts: form, certain mighty men. Daniel 3:20 in Biblical Aramaic with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.20/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/3/) / 3:20 # Daniel 3:20 דָּנִיֵּאל **Who acts:** form, certain mighty men · **What happens:** command, be, bind, cast · **To what, where:** certain mighty men, army, Shadrach, gods, burning fiery furnace · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Daniel 3:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — form, certain mighty men — and what happens in the verse to certain mighty men, army, Shadrach, gods, burning fiery furnace, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּלְגֻבְרִ֤ין גִּבָּֽרֵי־חַ֙יִל֙ דִּ֣י בְחַיְלֵ֔הּ אֲמַר֙ לְכַפָּתָ֔ה לְשַׁדְרַ֥ךְ מֵישַׁ֖ךְ וַעֲבֵ֣ד נְג֑וֹ עֲבֵ֣ד נְג֑וֹ לְמִרְמֵ֕א לְאַתּ֥וּן נוּרָ֖א יָקִֽדְתָּֽא׃ [And he commanded certain mighty men that were in his army to bind Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, and to cast them into the burning fiery furnace.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.94/) ## The tree {#tree} This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc-arc:DAN:65 # text = וּלְגֻבְרִ֤ין גִּבָּֽרֵי־חַ֙יִל֙ דִּ֣י בְחַיְלֵ֔הּ אֲמַר֙ לְכַפָּתָ֔ה לְשַׁדְרַ֥ךְ מֵישַׁ֖ךְ וַעֲבֵ֣ד נְג֑וֹ עֲבֵ֣ד נְג֑וֹ לְמִרְמֵ֕א לְאַתּ֥וּן נוּרָ֖א יָקִֽדְתָּֽא׃ # verse = DAN.3.20 1-3 וּלְגֻבְרִ֤ין _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_3:20!1|MId=o270030200011|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 2 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DAN_3:20!1|MId=o270030200012|Strong=3807b|Lang=arc 3 גֻבְרִ֤ין גְּבַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 obl _ Gloss=men|Ref=DAN_3:20!1|MId=o270030200013|Strong=1400|Lang=arc 4 גִּבָּֽרֵי־ גִּבָּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 appos _ Gloss=mighty.men|Ref=DAN_3:20!2|MId=o270030200021|Strong=1401|Lang=arc|SpaceAfter=No 5 חַ֙יִל֙ חַיִל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.power|Ref=DAN_3:20!3|MId=o270030200031|Strong=2429|Lang=arc 6 דִּ֣י דִּי SCONJ _ _ 8 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=DAN_3:20!4|MId=o270030200041|Strong=1768|Lang=arc|Type=relative 7-9 בְחַיְלֵ֔הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=[were].in|Ref=DAN_3:20!5|MId=o270030200051|Strong=0871b|Lang=arc 8 חַיְל חַיִל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 acl:relcl _ Gloss=army|Ref=DAN_3:20!5|MId=o270030200052|Strong=2429|Lang=arc 9 ֵ֔הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=DAN_3:20!5|MId=o270030200053|Strong=1886h|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 10 אֲמַר֙ אֲמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=DAN_3:20!6|MId=o270030200061|Strong=0560|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270030190021;|Type=qatal 11-12 לְכַפָּתָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DAN_3:20!7|MId=o270030200071|Strong=3807b|Lang=arc 12 כַפָּתָ֔ה כְּפַת VERB _ HebBinyan=PAEL 10 advcl _ Gloss=bind|Ref=DAN_3:20!7|MId=o270030200072|Strong=3729|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270030200013;|Type=infinitive_construct 13-14 לְשַׁדְרַ֥ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=DAN_3:20!8|MId=o270030200081|Strong=3807b|Lang=arc|Type=direct_object_marker 14 שַׁדְרַ֥ךְ שַׁדְרַךְ PROPN _ _ 12 obl _ Gloss=Shadrach|Ref=DAN_3:20!8|MId=o270030200082|Strong=7715|Lang=arc 15 מֵישַׁ֖ךְ מֵישַׁךְ PROPN _ _ 14 conj _ Gloss=Meshach|Ref=DAN_3:20!9|MId=o270030200091|Strong=4336|Lang=arc 16-17 וַעֲבֵ֣ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=|Ref=DAN_3:20!10|MId=o270030200101|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 17 עֲבֵ֣ד עֲבֵד PROPN _ _ 14 conj _ Gloss=and.Abednego|Ref=DAN_3:20!10|MId=o270030200102|Lang=arc 18 נְג֑וֹ נְגוֹ PROPN _ _ 17 flat:name _ Ref=DAN_3:20!10 19 עֲבֵ֣ד עֲבֵד PROPN _ _ 14 conj _ Gloss=and.Abednego|Ref=DAN_3:20!11|MId=o270030200111|Lang=arc 20 נְג֑וֹ נְגוֹ PROPN _ _ 19 flat:name _ Ref=DAN_3:20!11 21-22 לְמִרְמֵ֕א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DAN_3:20!12|MId=o270030200121|Strong=3807b|Lang=arc 22 מִרְמֵ֕א רמה VERB _ HebBinyan=PEAL 12 advcl _ Gloss=throw|Ref=DAN_3:20!12|MId=o270030200122|Strong=7412|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270030200013;A1:270030200082;270030200091;270030200102;|Type=infinitive_construct 23-24 לְאַתּ֥וּן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DAN_3:20!13|MId=o270030200131|Strong=3807b|Lang=arc 24 אַתּ֥וּן אַתּוּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=the.furnace|Ref=DAN_3:20!13|MId=o270030200132|Strong=0861|Lang=arc 25-26 נוּרָ֖א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 נוּר נוּר NOUN _ Number=Sing 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=DAN_3:20!14|MId=o270030200141|Strong=5135|Lang=arc 26 ָ֖א א DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the.fire|Ref=DAN_3:20!14|MId=o270030200142|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 27-28 יָקִֽדְתָּֽא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 יָקִֽדְתּ יְקַד VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing 25 acl:relcl _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=DAN_3:20!15|MId=o270030200151|Strong=3345|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270030200131;|Type=participle_active 28 ָֽא א SCONJ _ _ 27 mark _ Gloss=burning|Ref=DAN_3:20!15|MId=o270030200152|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=DAN_3:20!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אֲמַר *he said* | qatal · peal | | | | | | כַפָּתָה *bind* | infinitive construct · pael | גֻבְרִין *men* | | | | | מִרְמֵא *throw* | infinitive construct · peal | גֻבְרִין *men* | שַׁדְרַךְ *Shadrach* + מֵישַׁךְ *Meshach* + עֲבֵד *and Abednego* | | | | יָקִֽדְתּ *(the)* | participle active · peal | לְ *to* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he commanded certain mighty men that were in his army to bind Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, and to cast them into the burning fiery furnace.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.94/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc-arc:DAN:65`. - ← previous: [Daniel 3:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.19/) - next →: [Daniel 3:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.21/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/3/)