--- title: Daniel 4:12 — Nevertheless leave the stump of its roots in the earth, even in a ba… · Aramaic, tree and pragmatics description: Nevertheless leave the stump of its roots in the earth, even in a band of iron and brass, in the tender grass of the field; and let it be wet with the dew of heaven, and let his portion be with the beasts in the grass of the earth; Who acts: you, stump, portion. Daniel 4:12 in Biblical Aramaic with --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/4/) / 4:12 # Daniel 4:12 דָּנִיֵּאל **Who acts:** you, stump, portion · **What happens:** leave, let, be · **To what, where:** stump, earth, grass This is Daniel 4:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, stump, portion — and what happens in the verse to stump, earth, grass, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בְּרַ֨ם עִקַּ֤ר שָׁרְשׁ֙וֹהִי֙ בְּאַרְעָ֣א שְׁבֻ֔קוּ וּבֶֽאֱסוּר֙ דִּֽי־פַרְזֶ֣ל וּנְחָ֔שׁ בְּדִתְאָ֖א דִּ֣י בָרָ֑א וּבְטַ֤ל שְׁמַיָּא֙ יִצְטַבַּ֔ע וְעִם־חֵיוְתָ֥א חֲלָקֵ֖הּ בַּעֲשַׂ֥ב אַרְעָֽא׃ [Nevertheless leave the stump of its roots in the earth, even in a band of iron and brass, in the tender grass of the field; and let it be wet with the dew of heaven, and let his portion be with the beasts in the grass of the earth;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.120/) ## The tree {#tree} This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc-arc:DAN:90 # text = בְּרַ֨ם עִקַּ֤ר שָׁרְשׁ֙וֹהִי֙ בְּאַרְעָ֣א שְׁבֻ֔קוּ וּבֶֽאֱסוּר֙ דִּֽי־פַרְזֶ֣ל וּנְחָ֔שׁ בְּדִתְאָ֖א דִּ֣י בָרָ֑א וּבְטַ֤ל שְׁמַיָּא֙ יִצְטַבַּ֔ע וְעִם־חֵיוְתָ֥א חֲלָקֵ֖הּ בַּעֲשַׂ֥ב אַרְעָֽא׃ # verse = DAN.4.12 1 בְּרַ֨ם בְּרַם CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=nevertheless|Ref=DAN_4:12!1|MId=o270040120011|Strong=1297|Lang=arc 2 עִקַּ֤ר עִקַּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obj _ Gloss=the.stump|Ref=DAN_4:12!2|MId=o270040120021|Strong=6136|Lang=arc 3-4 שָׁרְשׁ֙וֹהִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 שָׁרְשׁ֙וֹ שֹׁרֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=DAN_4:12!3|MId=o270040120031|Strong=8330|Lang=arc 4 הִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its.roots|Ref=DAN_4:12!3|MId=o270040120032|Strong=1958b|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 5-7 בְּאַרְעָ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=DAN_4:12!4|MId=o270040120041|Strong=0871b|Lang=arc 6 אַרְע אֲרַע NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 obl _ Gloss=the|Ref=DAN_4:12!4|MId=o270040120042|Strong=0772|Lang=arc 7 ָ֣א א DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=ground|Ref=DAN_4:12!4|MId=o270040120043|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 8 שְׁבֻ֔קוּ שְׁבַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=leave!|Ref=DAN_4:12!5|MId=o270040120051|Strong=7662|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:;A1:270040120021;|Type=imperative 9-11 וּבֶֽאֱסוּר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_4:12!6|MId=o270040120061|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 10 בֶֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DAN_4:12!6|MId=o270040120062|Strong=0871b|Lang=arc 11 אֱסוּר֙ אֱסוּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 conj _ Gloss=a.fetter|Ref=DAN_4:12!6|MId=o270040120063|Strong=0613|Lang=arc 12 דִּֽי־ דִּי SCONJ _ _ 13 mark _ Gloss=(diy).of|Ref=DAN_4:12!7|MId=o270040120071|Strong=1768|Lang=arc|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 13 פַרְזֶ֣ל פַּרְזֶל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 acl:relcl _ Gloss=iron|Ref=DAN_4:12!8|MId=o270040120081|Strong=6523|Lang=arc 14-15 וּנְחָ֔שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_4:12!9|MId=o270040120091|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 15 נְחָ֔שׁ נְחָשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 conj _ Gloss=bronze|Ref=DAN_4:12!9|MId=o270040120092|Strong=5174|Lang=arc 16-18 בְּדִתְאָ֖א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=DAN_4:12!10|MId=o270040120101|Strong=0871b|Lang=arc 17 דִתְא דֶּתֶא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=the|Ref=DAN_4:12!10|MId=o270040120102|Strong=1883|Lang=arc 18 ָ֖א א DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=grass|Ref=DAN_4:12!10|MId=o270040120103|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 19 דִּ֣י דִּי SCONJ _ _ 20 mark _ Gloss=(diy).of|Ref=DAN_4:12!11|MId=o270040120111|Strong=1768|Lang=arc 20-21 בָרָ֑א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 בָר בַּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 acl:relcl _ Gloss=the|Ref=DAN_4:12!12|MId=o270040120121|Strong=1251|Lang=arc 21 ָ֑א א DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=field|Ref=DAN_4:12!12|MId=o270040120122|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 22-24 וּבְטַ֤ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_4:12!13|MId=o270040120131|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 23 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DAN_4:12!13|MId=o270040120132|Strong=0871b|Lang=arc 24 טַ֤ל טַל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 obl _ Gloss=the.dew|Ref=DAN_4:12!13|MId=o270040120133|Strong=2920|Lang=arc 25-26 שְׁמַיָּא֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 שְׁמַיּ שָׁמַיִן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=DAN_4:12!14|MId=o270040120141|Strong=8065|Lang=arc 26 ָא֙ א DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the.heavens|Ref=DAN_4:12!14|MId=o270040120142|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 27 יִצְטַבַּ֔ע צְבַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 8 conj _ Gloss=let.it.become.wet|Ref=DAN_4:12!15|MId=o270040120151|Strong=6647|Lang=arc|Frame=A1:270040110061;|Type=yiqtol 28-29 וְעִם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and.[be]|Ref=DAN_4:12!16|MId=o270040120161|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 29 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DAN_4:12!16|MId=o270040120162|Strong=5974|Lang=arc 30-31 חֵיוְתָ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 חֵיוְת חֵיוָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 27 conj _ Gloss=the|Ref=DAN_4:12!17|MId=o270040120171|Strong=2423|Lang=arc 31 ָ֥א א DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=animal[s]|Ref=DAN_4:12!17|MId=o270040120172|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 32-33 חֲלָקֵ֖הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 חֲלָק חֲלָק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 nsubj _ Gloss=portion|Ref=DAN_4:12!18|MId=o270040120181|Strong=2508|Lang=arc 33 ֵ֖הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=DAN_4:12!18|MId=o270040120182|Strong=1886h|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 34-35 בַּעֲשַׂ֥ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=DAN_4:12!19|MId=o270040120191|Strong=0871b|Lang=arc 35 עֲשַׂ֥ב עֲשַׂב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 obl _ Gloss=the.grass|Ref=DAN_4:12!19|MId=o270040120192|Strong=6212a|Lang=arc 36-37 אַרְעָֽא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 אַרְע אֲרַע NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 35 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=DAN_4:12!20|MId=o270040120201|Strong=0772|Lang=arc 37 ָֽא א DET _ PronType=Art 36 det _ Gloss=the.earth|Ref=DAN_4:12!20|MId=o270040120202|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 38 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=DAN_4:12!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | שְׁבֻקוּ *leave!* | imperative · peal | | עִקַּר *the stump* | | | | יִצְטַבַּע *let it become wet* | yiqtol · hithpaal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Nevertheless leave the stump of its roots in the earth, even in a band of iron and brass, in the tender grass of the field; and let it be wet with the dew of heaven, and let his portion be with the beasts in the grass of the earth;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.120/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc-arc:DAN:90`. - ← previous: [Daniel 4:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.11/) - next →: [Daniel 4:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.13/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/4/)