--- title: Daniel 4:14 — The matter is by the decree of the watchers, and the sentence by the… · Aramaic, tree and pragmatics description: The matter is by the decree of the watchers, and the sentence by the word of the holy ones; to the intent that the living may know that the Most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever He will, and setteth up over it the lowest of men. Who acts: matter, living, Most High. Dani --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/4/) / 4:14 # Daniel 4:14 דָּנִיֵּאל **Who acts:** matter, living, Most High · **What happens:** be, know, rule, give, set up, word · **To what, where:** intent, kingdom, High, whomsoever, lowest, holy ones · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Daniel 4:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — matter, living, Most High — and what happens in the verse to intent, kingdom, High, whomsoever, lowest, holy ones, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בִּגְזֵרַ֤ת עִירִין֙ פִּתְגָמָ֔א וּמֵאמַ֥ר קַדִּישִׁ֖ין שְׁאֵֽלְתָ֑א עַד־דִּבְרַ֡ת דִּ֣י יִנְדְּע֣וּן חַ֠יַּיָּא דִּֽי־שַׁלִּ֨יט עִלָּאָ֜ה בְּמַלְכ֣וּת אֲנָשָׁ֗אוּלְמַן־דִּ֤י יִצְבֵּא֙ יִתְּנִנַּ֔הּ וּשְׁפַ֥ל אֲנָשִׁ֖ים יְקִ֥ים עֲלַֽהּ׃ [The matter is by the decree of the watchers, and the sentence by the word of the holy ones; to the intent that the living may know that the Most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever He will, and setteth up over it the lowest of men.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.122/) ## The tree {#tree} This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc-arc:DAN:92 # text = בִּגְזֵרַ֤ת עִירִין֙ פִּתְגָמָ֔א וּמֵאמַ֥ר קַדִּישִׁ֖ין שְׁאֵֽלְתָ֑א עַד־דִּבְרַ֡ת דִּ֣י יִנְדְּע֣וּן חַ֠יַּיָּא דִּֽי־שַׁלִּ֨יט עִלָּאָ֜ה בְּמַלְכ֣וּת אֲנָשָׁ֗אוּלְמַן־דִּ֤י יִצְבֵּא֙ יִתְּנִנַּ֔הּ וּשְׁפַ֥ל אֲנָשִׁ֖ים יְקִ֥ים עֲלַֽהּ׃ # verse = DAN.4.14 1-2 בִּגְזֵרַ֤ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=[is].by.[the]|Ref=DAN_4:14!1|MId=o270040140011|Strong=0871b|Lang=arc 2 גְזֵרַ֤ת גְּזֵרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=decree|Ref=DAN_4:14!1|MId=o270040140012|Strong=1510|Lang=arc 3 עִירִין֙ עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.watchers|Ref=DAN_4:14!2|MId=o270040140021|Strong=5894|Lang=arc 4-5 פִּתְגָמָ֔א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 פִּתְגָמ פִּתְגָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the|Ref=DAN_4:14!3|MId=o270040140031|Strong=6600|Lang=arc 5 ָ֔א א DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=command|Ref=DAN_4:14!3|MId=o270040140032|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 6-7 וּמֵאמַ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_4:14!4|MId=o270040140041|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 7 מֵאמַ֥ר מֵאמַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=[is.by.the].word|Ref=DAN_4:14!4|MId=o270040140042|Strong=3983|Lang=arc 8 קַדִּישִׁ֖ין קַדִּישׁ ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.holy.[ones]|Ref=DAN_4:14!5|MId=o270040140051|Strong=6922|Lang=arc|Type=adjective 9-10 שְׁאֵֽלְתָ֑א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 שְׁאֵֽלְת שְׁאֵלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ Gloss=the|Ref=DAN_4:14!6|MId=o270040140061|Strong=7595|Lang=arc 10 ָ֑א א DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=affair|Ref=DAN_4:14!6|MId=o270040140062|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 11 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DAN_4:14!7|MId=o270040140071|Strong=5705|Lang=arc|SpaceAfter=No 12 דִּבְרַ֡ת דִּבְרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=[the].cause|Ref=DAN_4:14!8|MId=o270040140081|Strong=1701|Lang=arc 13 דִּ֣י דִּי SCONJ _ _ 14 mark _ Gloss=(of).that|Ref=DAN_4:14!9|MId=o270040140091|Strong=1768|Lang=arc|Type=relative 14 יִנְדְּע֣וּן יְדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 12 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.will.know|Ref=DAN_4:14!10|MId=o270040140101|Strong=3046|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270040140111;A1:270040140131;270040140221;270040140251;|Type=yiqtol 15-16 חַ֠יַּיָּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 חַ֠יַּיּ חַי ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ Gloss=the.living|Ref=DAN_4:14!11|MId=o270040140111|Strong=2417|Lang=arc|Type=adjective 16 ָא א DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=[people]|Ref=DAN_4:14!11|MId=o270040140112|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 17 דִּֽי־ דִּי SCONJ _ _ 18 mark _ Gloss=(diy).that|Ref=DAN_4:14!12|MId=o270040140121|Strong=1768|Lang=arc|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 18 שַׁלִּ֨יט שַׁלִּיט ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[is].having.mastery|Ref=DAN_4:14!13|MId=o270040140131|Strong=7990|Lang=arc|Type=adjective 19-20 עִלָּאָ֜ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 עִלָּא עִלַּי ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ Gloss=the.Most|Ref=DAN_4:14!15|MId=o270040140151|Strong=5943|Lang=arc 20 ָ֜ה ה DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=High|Ref=DAN_4:14!15|MId=o270040140152|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 21-22 בְּמַלְכ֣וּת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=DAN_4:14!16|MId=o270040140161|Strong=0871b|Lang=arc 22 מַלְכ֣וּת מַלְכוּ NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=the.kingdom|Ref=DAN_4:14!16|MId=o270040140162|Strong=4437|Lang=arc 23-27 אֲנָשָׁ֗אוּלְמַן־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 אֲנָשׁ אֱנָשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=DAN_4:14!18|MId=o270040140181|Strong=0606|Lang=arc 24 ָ֗א א DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=humankind|Ref=DAN_4:14!18|MId=o270040140182|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 25 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_4:14!19|MId=o270040140191|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 26 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DAN_4:14!19|MId=o270040140192|Strong=3807b|Lang=arc 27 מַן־ מָן PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs 30 obl _ Gloss=whomever|Ref=DAN_4:14!19|MId=o270040140193|Strong=4479|Lang=arc|Type=indefinite 28 דִּ֤י דִּי SCONJ _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing 29 mark _ Gloss=whom|Ref=DAN_4:14!20|MId=o270040140201|Strong=1768|Lang=arc|Type=indefinite 29 יִצְבֵּא֙ צבה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 27 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.will.be.pleased|Ref=DAN_4:14!21|MId=o270040140211|Strong=6634|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270040140151;|Type=qatal 30-31 יִתְּנִנַּ֔הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 יִתְּנִנּ נְתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 18 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=DAN_4:14!22|MId=o270040140221|Strong=5415|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270040140151;A1:270040140222;|Type=yiqtol 31 ַ֔הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 obj _ Gloss=will.give.it|Ref=DAN_4:14!22|MId=o270040140222|Strong=1886i|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 32-33 וּשְׁפַ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 35 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_4:14!23|MId=o270040140231|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 33 שְׁפַ֥ל שְׁפַל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 35 obj _ Gloss=a.lowly.[one]|Ref=DAN_4:14!23|MId=o270040140232|Strong=8215|Lang=arc|Type=adjective 34 אֲנָשִׁ֖ים אֱנָשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 33 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.humankind|Ref=DAN_4:14!24|MId=o270040140241|Strong=0606|Lang=arc 35 יְקִ֥ים קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=APHEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 18 conj _ Gloss=he.will.set.up|Ref=DAN_4:14!25|MId=o270040140251|Strong=6966|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270040140151;A1:270040140232;|Type=yiqtol 36-37 עֲלַֽהּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 עֲל עַל ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=DAN_4:14!27|MId=o270040140271|Strong=5922|Lang=arc 37 ַֽהּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=DAN_4:14!27|MId=o270040140272|Strong=1886i|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 38 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=DAN_4:14!27 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִנְדְּעוּן *they will know* | yiqtol · peal | חַיַּיּ *the living* | שַׁלִּיט *\[is\] having mastery* + יִתְּנִנּ *he* + יְקִים *he will set up* | | | | יִצְבֵּא *he will be pleased* | qatal · peal | עִלָּא *the Most* | | | | | יִתְּנִנּ *he* | yiqtol · peal | עִלָּא *the Most* | ַהּ *will give it* | | | | יְקִים *he will set up* | yiqtol · aphel | עִלָּא *the Most* | שְׁפַל *a lowly \[one\]* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [The matter is by the decree of the watchers, and the sentence by the word of the holy ones; to the intent that the living may know that the Most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever He will, and setteth up over it the lowest of men.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.122/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc-arc:DAN:92`. - ← previous: [Daniel 4:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.13/) - next →: [Daniel 4:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.15/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/4/)