--- title: Daniel 4:22 — that thou shalt be driven from men, and thy dwelling shall be with t… · Aramaic, tree and pragmatics description: that thou shalt be driven from men, and thy dwelling shall be with the beasts of the field, and thou shalt be made to eat grass as oxen, and shalt be wet with the dew of heaven, and seven times shall pass over thee; till thou know that the Most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to who --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/4/) / 4:22 # Daniel 4:22 דָּנִיֵּאל **Who acts:** dwelling, thou, seven times, Most High · **What happens:** drive, be, make, eat, wet, pass · **To what, where:** thou, grass, thee, kingdom, High, whomsoever · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Daniel 4:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — dwelling, thou, seven times, Most High — and what happens in the verse to thou, grass, thee, kingdom, High, whomsoever, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְלָ֣ךְ טָֽרְדִ֣ין מִן־אֲנָשָׁ֡א וְעִם־חֵיוַ֣ת בָּרָא֩ לֶהֱוֵ֨ה מְדֹרָ֜ךְ וְעִשְׂבָּ֥א כְתוֹרִ֣ין ׀ לָ֣ךְ יְטַֽעֲמ֗וּן וּמִטַּ֤ל שְׁמַיָּא֙ לָ֣ךְ מְצַבְּעִ֔ין וְשִׁבְעָ֥ה עִדָּנִ֖ין יַחְלְפ֣וּן עֲלָ֑יךְעַ֣ד דִּֽי־תִנְדַּ֗ע דִּֽי־שַׁלִּ֤יט עִלָּיָא֙בְּמַלְכ֣וּת אֲנָשָׁ֔א וּלְמַן־דִּ֥י יִצְבֵּ֖א יִתְּנִנַּֽהּ׃ [that thou shalt be driven from men, and thy dwelling shall be with the beasts of the field, and thou shalt be made to eat grass as oxen, and shalt be wet with the dew of heaven, and seven times shall pass over thee; till thou know that the Most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever He will.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.131/) ## The tree {#tree} This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc-arc:DAN:100 # text = וְלָ֣ךְ טָֽרְדִ֣ין מִן־אֲנָשָׁ֡א וְעִם־חֵיוַ֣ת בָּרָא֩ לֶהֱוֵ֨ה מְדֹרָ֜ךְ וְעִשְׂבָּ֥א כְתוֹרִ֣ין ׀ לָ֣ךְ יְטַֽעֲמ֗וּן וּמִטַּ֤ל שְׁמַיָּא֙ לָ֣ךְ מְצַבְּעִ֔ין וְשִׁבְעָ֥ה עִדָּנִ֖ין יַחְלְפ֣וּן עֲלָ֑יךְעַ֣ד דִּֽי־תִנְדַּ֗ע דִּֽי־שַׁלִּ֤יט עִלָּיָא֙בְּמַלְכ֣וּת אֲנָשָׁ֔א וּלְמַן־דִּ֥י יִצְבֵּ֖א יִתְּנִנַּֽהּ׃ # verse = DAN.4.22 1-3 וְלָ֣ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_4:22!1|MId=o270040220011|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 2 ל לְ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=DAN_4:22!1|MId=o270040220012|Strong=3807b|Lang=arc|Type=direct_object_marker 3 ָ֣ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 4 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=DAN_4:22!1|MId=o270040220013|Strong=3509e|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 4 טָֽרְדִ֣ין טְרַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=[they.will.be].chasing|Ref=DAN_4:22!2|MId=o270040220021|Strong=2957|Lang=arc|Type=participle_active 5 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=away.from|Ref=DAN_4:22!3|MId=o270040220031|Strong=4481|Lang=arc|SpaceAfter=No 6-7 אֲנָשָׁ֡א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 אֲנָשׁ אֱנָשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=DAN_4:22!4|MId=o270040220041|Strong=0606|Lang=arc 7 ָ֡א א DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=humankind|Ref=DAN_4:22!4|MId=o270040220042|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 8-9 וְעִם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_4:22!5|MId=o270040220051|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 9 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DAN_4:22!5|MId=o270040220052|Strong=5974|Lang=arc 10 חֵיוַ֣ת חֵיוָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=the.animal[s]|Ref=DAN_4:22!6|MId=o270040220061|Strong=2423|Lang=arc 11-12 בָּרָא֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בָּר בַּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=DAN_4:22!7|MId=o270040220071|Strong=1251|Lang=arc 12 ָא֩ א DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the.field|Ref=DAN_4:22!7|MId=o270040220072|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 13 לֶהֱוֵ֨ה הוה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 10 cop _ Gloss=it.will.be|Ref=DAN_4:22!8|MId=o270040220081|Strong=1934|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270040220091;|Type=yiqtol 14-15 מְדֹרָ֜ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 מְדֹר מְדוֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ Gloss=your.dwelling|Ref=DAN_4:22!9|MId=o270040220091|Strong=4070|Lang=arc 15 ָ֜ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=place|Ref=DAN_4:22!9|MId=o270040220092|Strong=3509e|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 16-18 וְעִשְׂבָּ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_4:22!10|MId=o270040220101|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 17 עִשְׂבּ עֲשַׂב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 obj _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=DAN_4:22!10|MId=o270040220102|Strong=6212a|Lang=arc 18 ָ֥א א DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=grass|Ref=DAN_4:22!10|MId=o270040220103|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 19-20 כְתוֹרִ֣ין _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 כְ כְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=DAN_4:22!11|MId=o270040220111|Strong=3509d|Lang=arc 20 תוֹרִ֣ין תּוֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 24 obl _ Gloss=oxen|Ref=DAN_4:22!11|MId=o270040220112|Strong=8450|Lang=arc 21 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 20 punct _ Ref=DAN_4:22!11 22-23 לָ֣ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 ל לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DAN_4:22!12|MId=o270040220121|Strong=3807b|Lang=arc 23 ָ֣ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 24 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=DAN_4:22!12|MId=o270040220122|Strong=3509e|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 24 יְטַֽעֲמ֗וּן טְעֵם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PAEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=they.will.feed|Ref=DAN_4:22!13|MId=o270040220131|Strong=2939|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:;A1:270040220102;|Type=yiqtol 25-27 וּמִטַּ֤ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_4:22!14|MId=o270040220141|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 26 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=DAN_4:22!14|MId=o270040220142|Strong=4481|Lang=arc 27 טַּ֤ל טַל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 obl _ Gloss=the.dew|Ref=DAN_4:22!14|MId=o270040220143|Strong=2920|Lang=arc 28-29 שְׁמַיָּא֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 שְׁמַיּ שָׁמַיִן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=DAN_4:22!15|MId=o270040220151|Strong=8065|Lang=arc 29 ָא֙ א DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the.heavens|Ref=DAN_4:22!15|MId=o270040220152|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 30-31 לָ֣ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 ל לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=DAN_4:22!16|MId=o270040220161|Strong=3807b|Lang=arc 31 ָ֣ךְ אַנְתָּה PRON _ PronType=Prs 32 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=DAN_4:22!16|MId=o270040220162|Strong=3509e|Lang=arc|Type=direct_object_marker 32 מְצַבְּעִ֔ין צְבַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PAEL|Number=Plur 4 conj _ Gloss=[they.will.be].making.wet|Ref=DAN_4:22!17|MId=o270040220171|Strong=6647|Lang=arc|Type=participle_active 33-34 וְשִׁבְעָ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 36 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_4:22!18|MId=o270040220181|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 34 שִׁבְעָ֥ה שְׁבַע NUM _ Number=Sing 35 nummod _ Gloss=seven|Ref=DAN_4:22!18|MId=o270040220182|Strong=7655|Lang=arc|Type=cardinal_number 35 עִדָּנִ֖ין עִדָּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 36 nsubj _ Gloss=times|Ref=DAN_4:22!19|MId=o270040220191|Strong=5732|Lang=arc 36 יַחְלְפ֣וּן חֲלַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=they.will.pass|Ref=DAN_4:22!20|MId=o270040220201|Strong=2499|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270040220191;|Type=yiqtol 37-39 עֲלָ֑יךְעַ֣ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 עֲל עַל ADP _ _ 38 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=DAN_4:22!21|MId=o270040220211|Strong=5922|Lang=arc 38 ָ֑יךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 36 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=DAN_4:22!21|MId=o270040220212|Strong=3509e|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 39 עַ֣ד עַד ADP _ _ 36 parataxis _ Gloss=until|Ref=DAN_4:22!22|MId=o270040220221|Strong=5705|Lang=arc 40 דִּֽי־ דִּי SCONJ _ _ 41 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=DAN_4:22!23|MId=o270040220231|Strong=1768|Lang=arc|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 41 תִנְדַּ֗ע יְדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 39 parataxis _ Gloss=you.will.know|Ref=DAN_4:22!24|MId=o270040220241|Strong=3046|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270040210031;A1:270040220261;270040220331;|Type=yiqtol 42 דִּֽי־ דִּי SCONJ _ _ 43 mark _ Gloss=(diy).that|Ref=DAN_4:22!25|MId=o270040220251|Strong=1768|Lang=arc|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 43 שַׁלִּ֤יט שַׁלִּיט ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 41 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[is].having.mastery|Ref=DAN_4:22!26|MId=o270040220261|Strong=7990|Lang=arc|Type=adjective 44-47 עִלָּיָא֙בְּמַלְכ֣וּת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 44 עִלָּי עִלַּי ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 43 nsubj _ Gloss=the.Most|Ref=DAN_4:22!27|MId=o270040220271|Strong=5943|Lang=arc|Type=adjective 45 ָא֙ א DET _ PronType=Art 44 det _ Gloss=High|Ref=DAN_4:22!27|MId=o270040220272|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 46 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 47 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=DAN_4:22!28|MId=o270040220281|Strong=0871b|Lang=arc 47 מַלְכ֣וּת מַלְכוּ NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 43 obl _ Gloss=the.kingdom|Ref=DAN_4:22!28|MId=o270040220282|Strong=4437|Lang=arc 48-49 אֲנָשָׁ֔א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 48 אֲנָשׁ אֱנָשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 47 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=DAN_4:22!29|MId=o270040220291|Strong=0606|Lang=arc 49 ָ֔א א DET _ PronType=Art 48 det _ Gloss=humankind|Ref=DAN_4:22!29|MId=o270040220292|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 50-52 וּלְמַן־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 50 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 55 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_4:22!30|MId=o270040220301|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 51 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 52 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DAN_4:22!30|MId=o270040220302|Strong=3807b|Lang=arc 52 מַן־ מָן PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs 55 obl _ Gloss=whomever|Ref=DAN_4:22!30|MId=o270040220303|Strong=4479|Lang=arc|Type=relative 53 דִּ֥י דִּי SCONJ _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing 54 mark _ Gloss=whom|Ref=DAN_4:22!31|MId=o270040220311|Strong=1768|Lang=arc|Type=relative 54 יִצְבֵּ֖א צבה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 52 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.will.be.pleased|Ref=DAN_4:22!32|MId=o270040220321|Strong=6634|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270040220271;|Type=yiqtol 55-56 יִתְּנִנַּֽהּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 55 יִתְּנִנּ נְתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 43 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=DAN_4:22!33|MId=o270040220331|Strong=5415|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270040220271;A1:270040220332;|Type=yiqtol 56 ַֽהּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 55 obj _ Gloss=will.give.it|Ref=DAN_4:22!33|MId=o270040220332|Strong=1886i|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 57 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 56 punct _ Ref=DAN_4:22!33 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | לֶהֱוֵה *it will be* | yiqtol · peal | מְדֹר *your dwelling* | | | | | יְטַֽעֲמוּן *they will feed* | yiqtol · pael | | עִשְׂבּ *(the)* | | | | יַחְלְפוּן *they will pass* | yiqtol · peal | עִדָּנִין *times* | | | | | תִנְדַּע *you will know* | yiqtol · peal | | שַׁלִּיט *\[is\] having mastery* + יִתְּנִנּ *he* | | | | יִצְבֵּא *he will be pleased* | yiqtol · peal | עִלָּי *the Most* | | | | | יִתְּנִנּ *he* | yiqtol · peal | עִלָּי *the Most* | ַֽהּ *will give it* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [that thou shalt be driven from men, and thy dwelling shall be with the beasts of the field, and thou shalt be made to eat grass as oxen, and shalt be wet with the dew of heaven, and seven times shall pass over thee; till thou know that the Most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever He will.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.131/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc-arc:DAN:100`. - ← previous: [Daniel 4:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.21/) - next →: [Daniel 4:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.23/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/4/)