--- title: Daniel 4:30 — The same hour was the thing fulfilled upon Nebuchadnezzar; and he wa… · Aramaic, tree and pragmatics description: The same hour was the thing fulfilled upon Nebuchadnezzar; and he was driven from men, and did eat grass as oxen, and his body was wet with the dew of heaven, till his hair was grown like eagles' feathers, and his nails like birds' claws. Who acts: same hour, body. Daniel 4:30 in Biblical Aramaic wi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.30/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/4/) / 4:30 # Daniel 4:30 דָּנִיֵּאל **Who acts:** same hour, body · **What happens:** be, fulfil, drive, eat, grow · **To what, where:** thing, same hour, king, grass, hair This is Daniel 4:30 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — same hour, body — and what happens in the verse to thing, same hour, king, grass, hair, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בַּהּ־שַׁעֲתָ֗א מִלְּתָא֮ סָ֣פַת עַל־נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר֒ וּמִן־אֲנָשָׁ֣א טְרִ֔יד וְעִשְׂבָּ֤א כְתוֹרִין֙ יֵאכֻ֔ל וּמִטַּ֥ל שְׁמַיָּ֖א גִּשְׁמֵ֣הּ יִצְטַבַּ֑ע עַ֣ד דִּ֥י שַׂעְרֵ֛הּ כְּנִשְׁרִ֥ין רְבָ֖ה וְטִפְר֥וֹהִי כְצִפְּרִֽין׃ [The same hour was the thing fulfilled upon Nebuchadnezzar; and he was driven from men, and did eat grass as oxen, and his body was wet with the dew of heaven, till his hair was grown like eagles' feathers, and his nails like birds' claws.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.139/) ## The tree {#tree} This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc-arc:DAN:108 # text = בַּהּ־שַׁעֲתָ֗א מִלְּתָא֮ סָ֣פַת עַל־נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר֒ וּמִן־אֲנָשָׁ֣א טְרִ֔יד וְעִשְׂבָּ֤א כְתוֹרִין֙ יֵאכֻ֔ל וּמִטַּ֥ל שְׁמַיָּ֖א גִּשְׁמֵ֣הּ יִצְטַבַּ֑ע עַ֣ד דִּ֥י שַׂעְרֵ֛הּ כְּנִשְׁרִ֥ין רְבָ֖ה וְטִפְר֥וֹהִי כְצִפְּרִֽין׃ # verse = DAN.4.30 1-2 בַּהּ־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=DAN_4:30!1|MId=o270040300011|Strong=0871b|Lang=arc 2 ַהּ־ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=DAN_4:30!1|MId=o270040300012|Strong=1886i|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 3-4 שַׁעֲתָ֗א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 שַׁעֲת שָׁעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 appos _ Gloss=the|Ref=DAN_4:30!2|MId=o270040300021|Strong=8160|Lang=arc 4 ָ֗א א DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=moment|Ref=DAN_4:30!2|MId=o270040300022|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 5-6 מִלְּתָא֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 מִלְּת מִלָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ Gloss=the|Ref=DAN_4:30!3|MId=o270040300031|Strong=4406|Lang=arc 6 ָא֮ א DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=word|Ref=DAN_4:30!3|MId=o270040300032|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 7 סָ֣פַת סוּף VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was.fulfilled|Ref=DAN_4:30!4|MId=o270040300041|Strong=5487|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270040300031;|Type=qatal 8 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=DAN_4:30!5|MId=o270040300051|Strong=5922|Lang=arc|SpaceAfter=No 9 נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר֒ נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר PROPN _ _ 7 obl _ Gloss=Nebuchadnezzar|Ref=DAN_4:30!6|MId=o270040300061|Strong=5020|Lang=arc 10-11 וּמִן־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_4:30!7|MId=o270040300071|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 11 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=away.from|Ref=DAN_4:30!7|MId=o270040300072|Strong=4481|Lang=arc 12-13 אֲנָשָׁ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 אֲנָשׁ אֱנָשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=DAN_4:30!8|MId=o270040300081|Strong=0606|Lang=arc 13 ָ֣א א DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=humankind|Ref=DAN_4:30!8|MId=o270040300082|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 14 טְרִ֔יד טְרַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 conj _ Gloss=he.was.chased|Ref=DAN_4:30!9|MId=o270040300091|Strong=2957|Lang=arc|Frame=A1:270040300061;|Type=qatal 15-17 וְעִשְׂבָּ֤א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_4:30!10|MId=o270040300101|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 16 עִשְׂבּ עֲשַׂב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 obj _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=DAN_4:30!10|MId=o270040300102|Strong=6212a|Lang=arc 17 ָ֤א א DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=grass|Ref=DAN_4:30!10|MId=o270040300103|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 18-19 כְתוֹרִין֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 כְ כְּ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=DAN_4:30!11|MId=o270040300111|Strong=3509d|Lang=arc 19 תוֹרִין֙ תּוֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 20 obl _ Gloss=oxen|Ref=DAN_4:30!11|MId=o270040300112|Strong=8450|Lang=arc 20 יֵאכֻ֔ל אֲכַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 conj _ Gloss=he.ate|Ref=DAN_4:30!12|MId=o270040300121|Strong=0399|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270040300061;A1:270040300102;|Type=yiqtol 21-23 וּמִטַּ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_4:30!13|MId=o270040300131|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 22 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=DAN_4:30!13|MId=o270040300132|Strong=4481|Lang=arc 23 טַּ֥ל טַל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=the.dew|Ref=DAN_4:30!13|MId=o270040300133|Strong=2920|Lang=arc 24-25 שְׁמַיָּ֖א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 שְׁמַיּ שָׁמַיִן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=DAN_4:30!14|MId=o270040300141|Strong=8065|Lang=arc 25 ָ֖א א DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=the.heavens|Ref=DAN_4:30!14|MId=o270040300142|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 26-27 גִּשְׁמֵ֣הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 גִּשְׁמ גְּשֵׁם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ Gloss=body|Ref=DAN_4:30!15|MId=o270040300151|Strong=1655|Lang=arc 27 ֵ֣הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=DAN_4:30!15|MId=o270040300152|Strong=1886h|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 28 יִצְטַבַּ֑ע צְבַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 20 conj _ Gloss=it.became.wet|Ref=DAN_4:30!16|MId=o270040300161|Strong=6647|Lang=arc|Frame=A1:270040300151;|Type=yiqtol 29 עַ֣ד עַד ADP _ _ 20 parataxis _ Gloss=until|Ref=DAN_4:30!17|MId=o270040300171|Strong=5705|Lang=arc 30 דִּ֥י דִּי SCONJ _ _ 35 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=DAN_4:30!18|MId=o270040300181|Strong=1768|Lang=arc|Type=relative 31-32 שַׂעְרֵ֛הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 שַׂעְר שְׂעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 35 nsubj _ Gloss=hair|Ref=DAN_4:30!19|MId=o270040300191|Strong=8177|Lang=arc 32 ֵ֛הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=DAN_4:30!19|MId=o270040300192|Strong=1886h|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 33-34 כְּנִשְׁרִ֥ין _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=DAN_4:30!20|MId=o270040300201|Strong=3509d|Lang=arc 34 נִשְׁרִ֥ין נְשַׁר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 35 obl _ Gloss=eagles|Ref=DAN_4:30!20|MId=o270040300202|Strong=5403|Lang=arc 35 רְבָ֖ה רְבָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 29 parataxis _ Gloss=it.grew.long|Ref=DAN_4:30!21|MId=o270040300211|Strong=7236|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270040300191;|Type=qatal 36-38 וְטִפְר֥וֹהִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 37 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_4:30!22|MId=o270040300221|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 37 טִפְר֥וֹ טְפַר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 35 conj _ Gloss=nails|Ref=DAN_4:30!22|MId=o270040300222|Strong=2953|Lang=arc 38 הִי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=DAN_4:30!22|MId=o270040300223|Strong=1958b|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 39-40 כְצִפְּרִֽין _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 כְ כְּ ADP _ _ 40 case _ Gloss=[were].like|Ref=DAN_4:30!23|MId=o270040300231|Strong=3509d|Lang=arc 40 צִפְּרִֽין צְפַר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 37 obl _ Gloss=birds|Ref=DAN_4:30!23|MId=o270040300232|Strong=6853|Lang=arc 41 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 40 punct _ Ref=DAN_4:30!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | סָפַת *it was fulfilled* | qatal · peal | מִלְּת *the* | | | | | טְרִיד *he was chased* | qatal · peil | | נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר *Nebuchadnezzar* | | | | יֵאכֻל *he ate* | yiqtol · peal | נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר *Nebuchadnezzar* | עִשְׂבּ *(the)* | | | | יִצְטַבַּע *it became wet* | yiqtol · hithpaal | | גִּשְׁמ *body* | | | | רְבָה *it grew long* | qatal · peal | שַׂעְר *hair* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [The same hour was the thing fulfilled upon Nebuchadnezzar; and he was driven from men, and did eat grass as oxen, and his body was wet with the dew of heaven, till his hair was grown like eagles' feathers, and his nails like birds' claws.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.139/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc-arc:DAN:108`. - ← previous: [Daniel 4:29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.29/) - next →: [Daniel 4:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.31/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/4/)