--- title: Daniel 4:34 — Now I Nebuchadnezzar praise and extol and honour the King of heaven;… · Aramaic, tree and pragmatics description: Now I Nebuchadnezzar praise and extol and honour the King of heaven; for all His works are truth, and His ways justice; and those that walk in pride He is able to abase.' Who acts: I, works, understanding, king. Daniel 4:34 in Biblical Aramaic with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.34/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/4/) / 4:34 # Daniel 4:34 דָּנִיֵּאל **Who acts:** I, works, understanding, king · **What happens:** praise, extol, honour, be, walk, abase · **To what, where:** King, truth, pride, those This is Daniel 4:34 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, works, understanding, king — and what happens in the verse to King, truth, pride, those, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כְּעַ֞ן אֲנָ֣ה נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֗ר מְשַׁבַּ֨ח וּמְרוֹמֵ֤ם וּמְהַדַּר֙ לְמֶ֣לֶךְ שְׁמַיָּ֔א דִּ֤י כָל־מַעֲבָד֙וֹהִי֙ קְשֹׁ֔ט וְאֹרְחָתֵ֖הּ דִּ֑ין וְדִי֙ מַהְלְכִ֣ין בְּגֵוָ֔ה יָכִ֖ל לְהַשְׁפָּלָֽה׃פ [Now I Nebuchadnezzar praise and extol and honour the King of heaven; for all His works are truth, and His ways justice; and those that walk in pride He is able to abase.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.143/) ## The tree {#tree} This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc-arc:DAN:112 # text = כְּעַ֞ן אֲנָ֣ה נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֗ר מְשַׁבַּ֨ח וּמְרוֹמֵ֤ם וּמְהַדַּר֙ לְמֶ֣לֶךְ שְׁמַיָּ֔א דִּ֤י כָל־מַעֲבָד֙וֹהִי֙ קְשֹׁ֔ט וְאֹרְחָתֵ֖הּ דִּ֑ין וְדִי֙ מַהְלְכִ֣ין בְּגֵוָ֔ה יָכִ֖ל לְהַשְׁפָּלָֽה׃פ # verse = DAN.4.34 1 כְּעַ֞ן כְּעַן ADV _ _ 4 advmod _ Gloss=now|Ref=DAN_4:34!1|MId=o270040340011|Strong=3705|Lang=arc 2 אֲנָ֣ה אֲנָה PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=DAN_4:34!2|MId=o270040340021|Strong=0576|Lang=arc|Type=personal 3 נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֗ר נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר PROPN _ _ 2 appos _ Gloss=Nebuchadnezzar|Ref=DAN_4:34!3|MId=o270040340031|Strong=5020|Lang=arc 4 מְשַׁבַּ֨ח שְׁבַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PAEL|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[am].praising|Ref=DAN_4:34!4|MId=o270040340041|Strong=7624|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270040340021;|Type=participle_active 5-6 וּמְרוֹמֵ֤ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and.[am]|Ref=DAN_4:34!5|MId=o270040340051|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 6 מְרוֹמֵ֤ם רוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=POLEL|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=lifting.up|Ref=DAN_4:34!5|MId=o270040340052|Strong=7313|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270040340021;|Type=participle_active 7-8 וּמְהַדַּר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and.[am]|Ref=DAN_4:34!6|MId=o270040340061|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 8 מְהַדַּר֙ הֲדַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PAEL|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=glorifying|Ref=DAN_4:34!6|MId=o270040340062|Strong=1922|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270040340021;|Type=participle_active 9-10 לְמֶ֣לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=(et).the|Ref=DAN_4:34!7|MId=o270040340071|Strong=3807b|Lang=arc 10 מֶ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=king|Ref=DAN_4:34!7|MId=o270040340072|Strong=4430|Lang=arc 11-12 שְׁמַיָּ֔א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 שְׁמַיּ שָׁמַיִן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=DAN_4:34!8|MId=o270040340081|Strong=8065|Lang=arc 12 ָ֔א א DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the.heavens|Ref=DAN_4:34!8|MId=o270040340082|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 13 דִּ֤י דִּי SCONJ _ _ 17 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=DAN_4:34!9|MId=o270040340091|Strong=1768|Lang=arc|Type=relative 14 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=DAN_4:34!10|MId=o270040340101|Strong=3606|Lang=arc|SpaceAfter=No 15-16 מַעֲבָד֙וֹהִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 מַעֲבָד֙וֹ מַעֲבַד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=deeds|Ref=DAN_4:34!11|MId=o270040340111|Strong=4567|Lang=arc 16 הִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=DAN_4:34!11|MId=o270040340112|Strong=1958b|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 17 קְשֹׁ֔ט קְשֹׁט NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[are].truth|Ref=DAN_4:34!12|MId=o270040340121|Strong=7187|Lang=arc 18-20 וְאֹרְחָתֵ֖הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_4:34!13|MId=o270040340131|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 19 אֹרְחָת אֹרַח NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 21 nsubj _ Gloss=ways|Ref=DAN_4:34!13|MId=o270040340132|Strong=0735|Lang=arc 20 ֵ֖הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=DAN_4:34!13|MId=o270040340133|Strong=1886h|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 21 דִּ֑ין דִּין NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 conj _ Gloss=[are].justice|Ref=DAN_4:34!14|MId=o270040340141|Strong=1780|Lang=arc 22-23 וְדִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and.[those]|Ref=DAN_4:34!15|MId=o270040340151|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 23 דִי֙ דִּי SCONJ _ _ 27 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=DAN_4:34!15|MId=o270040340152|Strong=1768|Lang=arc|Type=relative 24 מַהְלְכִ֣ין הֲלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=APHEL|Number=Plur 29 obj _ Gloss=[are].walking|Ref=DAN_4:34!16|MId=o270040340161|Strong=1981|Lang=arc|Type=participle_active 25-26 בְּגֵוָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=DAN_4:34!17|MId=o270040340171|Strong=0871b|Lang=arc 26 גֵוָ֔ה גֵּוָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 24 obl _ Gloss=pride|Ref=DAN_4:34!17|MId=o270040340172|Strong=1467|Lang=arc 27 יָכִ֖ל יְכִל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing 17 conj _ Gloss=[he.is].able|Ref=DAN_4:34!18|MId=o270040340181|Strong=3202|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270040340072;|Type=participle_active 28-29 לְהַשְׁפָּלָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DAN_4:34!19|MId=o270040340191|Strong=3807b|Lang=arc 29 הַשְׁפָּלָֽה שְׁפֵל VERB _ HebBinyan=HAPHEL 27 xcomp _ Gloss=bring.low|Ref=DAN_4:34!19|MId=o270040340192|Strong=8214|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270040340072;A1:270040340161;|Type=infinitive_construct 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=DAN_4:34!19|SpaceAfter=No 31 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=DAN_4:34!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מְשַׁבַּח *\[am\] praising* | participle active · pael | אֲנָה *I* | | | | | מְרוֹמֵם *lifting up* | participle active · polel | אֲנָה *I* | | | | | מְהַדַּר *glorifying* | participle active · pael | אֲנָה *I* | | | | | יָכִל *\[he is\] able* | participle active · peal | מֶלֶךְ *king* | | | | | הַשְׁפָּלָֽה *bring low* | infinitive construct · haphel | מֶלֶךְ *king* | מַהְלְכִין *\[are\] walking* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Now I Nebuchadnezzar praise and extol and honour the King of heaven; for all His works are truth, and His ways justice; and those that walk in pride He is able to abase.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.143/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc-arc:DAN:112`. - ← previous: [Daniel 4:33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.33/) - next →: [Daniel 5:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.5.1/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/4/)