--- title: Daniel 6:13 — Then they came near, and spoke before the king concerning the king's… · Aramaic, tree and pragmatics description: Then they came near, and spoke before the king concerning the king's interdict: 'Hast thou not signed an interdict, that every man that shall make petition unto any god or man within thirty days, save of thee, O king, shall be cast into the den of lions?' The king answered and said: 'The thing is tr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.6.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/6/) / 6:13 # Daniel 6:13 דָּנִיֵּאל **Who acts:** men, thou, man, king, thing, law · **What happens:** come, speak, not sign, make, cast, answer · **To what, where:** interdict, petition, man, den · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Daniel 6:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, thou, man, king, thing, law — and what happens in the verse to interdict, petition, man, den, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בֵּ֠אדַיִן קְרִ֨יבוּ וְאָמְרִ֥ין קֳדָם־מַלְכָּא֮ עַל־אֱסָ֣ר מַלְכָּא֒ הֲלָ֧א אֱסָ֣ר רְשַׁ֗מְתָּ דִּ֣י כָל־אֱנָ֡שׁ דִּֽי־יִבְעֵה֩ מִן־כָּל־אֱלָ֨הּ וֶֽאֱנָ֜שׁ עַד־יוֹמִ֣ין תְּלָתִ֗ין לָהֵן֙ מִנָּ֣ךְ מַלְכָּ֔א יִתְרְמֵ֕א לְג֖וֹב אַרְיָותָ֑א עָנֵ֨ה מַלְכָּ֜א וְאָמַ֗ר יַצִּיבָ֧א מִלְּתָ֛א כְּדָת־מָדַ֥י וּפָרַ֖ס דִּי־לָ֥א תֶעְדֵּֽא׃ [Then they came near, and spoke before the king concerning the king's interdict: 'Hast thou not signed an interdict, that every man that shall make petition unto any god or man within thirty days, save of thee, O king, shall be cast into the den of lions?' The king answered and said: 'The thing is true, according to the law of the Medes and Persians, which altereth not.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.189/) ## The tree {#tree} This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc-arc:DAN:155 # text = בֵּ֠אדַיִן קְרִ֨יבוּ וְאָמְרִ֥ין קֳדָם־מַלְכָּא֮ עַל־אֱסָ֣ר מַלְכָּא֒ הֲלָ֧א אֱסָ֣ר רְשַׁ֗מְתָּ דִּ֣י כָל־אֱנָ֡שׁ דִּֽי־יִבְעֵה֩ מִן־כָּל־אֱלָ֨הּ וֶֽאֱנָ֜שׁ עַד־יוֹמִ֣ין תְּלָתִ֗ין לָהֵן֙ מִנָּ֣ךְ מַלְכָּ֔א יִתְרְמֵ֕א לְג֖וֹב אַרְיָותָ֑א עָנֵ֨ה מַלְכָּ֜א וְאָמַ֗ר יַצִּיבָ֧א מִלְּתָ֛א כְּדָת־מָדַ֥י וּפָרַ֖ס דִּי־לָ֥א תֶעְדֵּֽא׃ # verse = DAN.6.13 1-2 בֵּ֠אדַיִן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 בֵּ֠ בְּ ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=|Ref=DAN_6:13!1|MId=o270060130011|Strong=0871b|Lang=arc 2 אדַיִן אֱדַיִן ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=then|Ref=DAN_6:13!1|MId=o270060130012|Strong=0116|Lang=arc 3 קְרִ֨יבוּ קְרֵב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=they.approached|Ref=DAN_6:13!2|MId=o270060130021|Strong=7127|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270060120021;|Type=qatal 4-5 וְאָמְרִ֥ין _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_6:13!3|MId=o270060130031|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 5 אָמְרִ֥ין אֲמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=[they.were].saying|Ref=DAN_6:13!3|MId=o270060130032|Strong=0560|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270060120021;|Type=participle_active 6 קֳדָם־ קֳדָם ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=DAN_6:13!4|MId=o270060130041|Strong=6925|Lang=arc|SpaceAfter=No 7-8 מַלְכָּא֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 מַלְכּ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 obl _ Gloss=the|Ref=DAN_6:13!5|MId=o270060130051|Strong=4430|Lang=arc 8 ָא֮ א DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=king|Ref=DAN_6:13!5|MId=o270060130052|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 9 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=concerning|Ref=DAN_6:13!6|MId=o270060130061|Strong=5922|Lang=arc|SpaceAfter=No 10 אֱסָ֣ר אֱסָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 obl _ Gloss=the.prohibition|Ref=DAN_6:13!7|MId=o270060130071|Strong=0633|Lang=arc 11-12 מַלְכָּא֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 מַלְכּ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=DAN_6:13!8|MId=o270060130081|Strong=4430|Lang=arc 12 ָא֒ א DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=DAN_6:13!8|MId=o270060130082|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 13-14 הֲלָ֧א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 16 advmod _ Gloss=|Ref=DAN_6:13!9|MId=o270060130091|Strong=1886f|Lang=arc|Type=interrogative 14 לָ֧א לָא ADV _ _ 16 advmod _ Gloss=not?|Ref=DAN_6:13!9|MId=o270060130092|Strong=3809|Lang=arc|Type=negative 15 אֱסָ֣ר אֱסָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obj _ Gloss=a.prohibition|Ref=DAN_6:13!10|MId=o270060130101|Strong=0633|Lang=arc 16 רְשַׁ֗מְתָּ רְשַׁם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 5 ccomp _ Gloss=did.you.sign|Ref=DAN_6:13!11|MId=o270060130111|Strong=7560|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270060130261;A1:270060130101;|Type=qatal 17 דִּ֣י דִּי SCONJ _ _ 35 mark _ Gloss=(diy).that|Ref=DAN_6:13!12|MId=o270060130121|Strong=1768|Lang=arc 18 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 35 nsubj _ Gloss=every|Ref=DAN_6:13!13|MId=o270060130131|Strong=3606|Lang=arc|SpaceAfter=No 19 אֱנָ֡שׁ אֱנָשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=person|Ref=DAN_6:13!14|MId=o270060130141|Strong=0606|Lang=arc 20 דִּֽי־ דִּי SCONJ _ _ 21 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=DAN_6:13!15|MId=o270060130151|Strong=1768|Lang=arc|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 21 יִבְעֵה֩ בעה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 18 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.will.ask|Ref=DAN_6:13!16|MId=o270060130161|Strong=1156|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270060130141;|Type=yiqtol 22 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=DAN_6:13!17|MId=o270060130171|Strong=4481|Lang=arc|SpaceAfter=No 23 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=any|Ref=DAN_6:13!18|MId=o270060130181|Strong=3606|Lang=arc|SpaceAfter=No 24 אֱלָ֨הּ אֱלָהּ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=god|Ref=DAN_6:13!19|MId=o270060130191|Strong=0426|Lang=arc 25-26 וֶֽאֱנָ֜שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וֶֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_6:13!20|MId=o270060130201|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 26 אֱנָ֜שׁ אֱנָשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 conj _ Gloss=person|Ref=DAN_6:13!20|MId=o270060130202|Strong=0606|Lang=arc 27 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=DAN_6:13!21|MId=o270060130211|Strong=5705|Lang=arc|SpaceAfter=No 28 יוֹמִ֣ין יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 21 obl _ Gloss=days|Ref=DAN_6:13!22|MId=o270060130221|Strong=3118|Lang=arc 29 תְּלָתִ֗ין תְּלָתִין NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 28 nummod _ Gloss=thirty|Ref=DAN_6:13!23|MId=o270060130231|Strong=8533|Lang=arc|Type=cardinal_number 30 לָהֵן֙ לָהֵן CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=except|Ref=DAN_6:13!24|MId=o270060130241|Strong=3861a|Lang=arc 31-32 מִנָּ֣ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 מִנּ מִן ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=DAN_6:13!25|MId=o270060130251|Strong=4481|Lang=arc 32 ָ֣ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 21 parataxis _ Gloss=you|Ref=DAN_6:13!25|MId=o270060130252|Strong=3509e|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 33-34 מַלְכָּ֔א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 מַלְכּ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 dislocated _ Gloss=O|Ref=DAN_6:13!26|MId=o270060130261|Strong=4430|Lang=arc 34 ָ֔א א DET _ PronType=Art 33 det _ Gloss=king|Ref=DAN_6:13!26|MId=o270060130262|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 35 יִתְרְמֵ֕א רמה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPEEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 15 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.will.be.thrown|Ref=DAN_6:13!27|MId=o270060130271|Strong=7412|Lang=arc|Frame=A1:270060130141;|Type=yiqtol 36-37 לְג֖וֹב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DAN_6:13!28|MId=o270060130281|Strong=3807b|Lang=arc 37 ג֖וֹב גֹּב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 35 obl _ Gloss=the.den|Ref=DAN_6:13!28|MId=o270060130282|Strong=1358|Lang=arc 38-39 אַרְיָותָ֑א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 אַרְיָות אַרְיֵה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 37 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=DAN_6:13!29|MId=o270060130291|Strong=0744|Lang=arc 39 ָ֑א א DET _ PronType=Art 38 det _ Gloss=the.lions|Ref=DAN_6:13!29|MId=o270060130292|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 40 עָנֵ֨ה עֲנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing 16 parataxis _ Gloss=[was].replying|Ref=DAN_6:13!30|MId=o270060130301|Strong=6032|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270060130311;|Type=participle_active 41-42 מַלְכָּ֜א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 41 מַלְכּ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 40 nsubj _ Gloss=the|Ref=DAN_6:13!31|MId=o270060130311|Strong=4430|Lang=arc 42 ָ֜א א DET _ PronType=Art 41 det _ Gloss=king|Ref=DAN_6:13!31|MId=o270060130312|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 43-44 וְאָמַ֗ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 43 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 44 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_6:13!32|MId=o270060130321|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 44 אָמַ֗ר אֲמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing 16 conj _ Gloss=saying|Ref=DAN_6:13!32|MId=o270060130322|Strong=0560|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270060130311;|Type=participle_active 45 יַצִּיבָ֧א יַצִּיב ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 44 ccomp _ Gloss=[is].certain|Ref=DAN_6:13!33|MId=o270060130331|Strong=3330|Lang=arc|Type=adjective 46-47 מִלְּתָ֛א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46 מִלְּת מִלָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 45 nsubj _ Gloss=the|Ref=DAN_6:13!34|MId=o270060130341|Strong=4406|Lang=arc 47 ָ֛א א DET _ PronType=Art 46 det _ Gloss=word|Ref=DAN_6:13!34|MId=o270060130342|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 48-49 כְּדָת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 48 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 49 case _ Gloss=according|Ref=DAN_6:13!35|MId=o270060130351|Strong=3509d|Lang=arc 49 דָת־ דָּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 45 obl _ Gloss=to.[the].law|Ref=DAN_6:13!35|MId=o270060130352|Strong=1882|Lang=arc 50 מָדַ֥י מָדַי PROPN _ _ 49 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].Medes|Ref=DAN_6:13!36|MId=o270060130361|Strong=4076|Lang=arc 51-52 וּפָרַ֖ס _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 51 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 52 cc _ Gloss=and.[the]|Ref=DAN_6:13!37|MId=o270060130371|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 52 פָרַ֖ס פָּרַס PROPN _ _ 50 conj _ Gloss=Persians|Ref=DAN_6:13!37|MId=o270060130372|Strong=6540|Lang=arc 53 דִּי־ דִּי SCONJ _ _ 55 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=DAN_6:13!38|MId=o270060130381|Strong=1768|Lang=arc|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 54 לָ֥א לָא ADV _ _ 55 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=DAN_6:13!39|MId=o270060130391|Strong=3809|Lang=arc|Type=negative 55 תֶעְדֵּֽא עֲדָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 49 acl:relcl _ Gloss=it.will.pass.away|Ref=DAN_6:13!40|MId=o270060130401|Strong=5709|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270060130352;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 56 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 55 punct _ Ref=DAN_6:13!40 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | קְרִיבוּ *they approached* | qatal · peil | | | | | | אָמְרִין *\[they were\] saying* | participle active · peal | | | | | | רְשַׁמְתָּ *did you sign* | qatal · peal | מַלְכּ *O* | אֱסָר *a prohibition* | | | | יִבְעֵה *he will ask* | yiqtol · peal | אֱנָשׁ *person* | | | | | יִתְרְמֵא *he will be thrown* | yiqtol · hithpeel | | אֱנָשׁ *person* | | | | עָנֵה *\[was\] replying* | participle active · peal | מַלְכּ *the* | | | | | אָמַר *saying* | participle active · peal | מַלְכּ *the* | | | | | תֶעְדֵּֽא *it will pass away* | yiqtol · peal | דָת־ *to \[the\] law* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then they came near, and spoke before the king concerning the king's interdict: 'Hast thou not signed an interdict, that every man that shall make petition unto any god or man within thirty days, save of thee, O king, shall be cast into the den of lions?' The king answered and said: 'The thing is true, according to the law of the Medes and Persians, which altereth not.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.189/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc-arc:DAN:155`. - ← previous: [Daniel 6:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.6.12/) - next →: [Daniel 6:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.6.14/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/6/)