--- title: Daniel 6:16 — Then these men came tumultuously unto the king, and said unto the ki… · Aramaic, tree and pragmatics description: Then these men came tumultuously unto the king, and said unto the king: 'Know, O king, that it is a law of the Medes and Persians, that no interdict nor statute which the king establisheth may be changed.' Who acts: men, it, king. Daniel 6:16 in Biblical Aramaic with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 an --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.6.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/6/) / 6:16 # Daniel 6:16 דָּנִיֵּאל **Who acts:** men, it, king · **What happens:** come, say, know, be, establish, change · **To what, where:** law, interdict · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Daniel 6:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, it, king — and what happens in the verse to law, interdict, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בֵּאדַ֙יִן֙ גֻּבְרַיָּ֣א אִלֵּ֔ךְ הַרְגִּ֖שׁוּ עַל־מַלְכָּ֑א וְאָמְרִ֣ין לְמַלְכָּ֗א דַּ֤ע מַלְכָּא֙ דִּֽי־דָת֙ לְמָדַ֣י וּפָרַ֔ס דִּֽי־כָל־אֱסָ֥ר וּקְיָ֛ם דִּֽי־מַלְכָּ֥א יְהָקֵ֖ים לָ֥א לְהַשְׁנָיָֽה׃ [Then these men came tumultuously unto the king, and said unto the king: 'Know, O king, that it is a law of the Medes and Persians, that no interdict nor statute which the king establisheth may be changed.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.192/) ## The tree {#tree} This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc-arc:DAN:158 # text = בֵּאדַ֙יִן֙ גֻּבְרַיָּ֣א אִלֵּ֔ךְ הַרְגִּ֖שׁוּ עַל־מַלְכָּ֑א וְאָמְרִ֣ין לְמַלְכָּ֗א דַּ֤ע מַלְכָּא֙ דִּֽי־דָת֙ לְמָדַ֣י וּפָרַ֔ס דִּֽי־כָל־אֱסָ֥ר וּקְיָ֛ם דִּֽי־מַלְכָּ֥א יְהָקֵ֖ים לָ֥א לְהַשְׁנָיָֽה׃ # verse = DAN.6.16 1-2 בֵּאדַ֙יִן֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 בֵּ בְּ ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=|Ref=DAN_6:16!1|MId=o270060160011|Strong=0871b|Lang=arc 2 אדַ֙יִן֙ אֱדַיִן ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=then|Ref=DAN_6:16!1|MId=o270060160012|Strong=0116|Lang=arc 3-4 גֻּבְרַיָּ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 גֻּבְרַיּ גְּבַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ Gloss=the|Ref=DAN_6:16!2|MId=o270060160021|Strong=1400|Lang=arc 4 ָ֣א א DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=men|Ref=DAN_6:16!2|MId=o270060160022|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 5 אִלֵּ֔ךְ אִלֵּךְ DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 3 det _ Gloss=these|Ref=DAN_6:16!3|MId=o270060160031|Strong=0479|Lang=arc|Type=demonstrative 6 הַרְגִּ֖שׁוּ רְגַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HAPHEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=they.came.as.a.crowd|Ref=DAN_6:16!4|MId=o270060160041|Strong=7284|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270060160021;|Type=qatal 7 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DAN_6:16!5|MId=o270060160051|Strong=5922|Lang=arc|SpaceAfter=No 8-9 מַלְכָּ֑א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 מַלְכּ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=the|Ref=DAN_6:16!6|MId=o270060160061|Strong=4430|Lang=arc 9 ָ֑א א DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=king|Ref=DAN_6:16!6|MId=o270060160062|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 10-11 וְאָמְרִ֣ין _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and.[were]|Ref=DAN_6:16!7|MId=o270060160071|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 11 אָמְרִ֣ין אֲמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Plur 2 conj _ Gloss=saying|Ref=DAN_6:16!7|MId=o270060160072|Strong=0560|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270060160021;|Type=participle_active 12-14 לְמַלְכָּ֗א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DAN_6:16!8|MId=o270060160081|Strong=3807b|Lang=arc 13 מַלְכּ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=the|Ref=DAN_6:16!8|MId=o270060160082|Strong=4430|Lang=arc 14 ָ֗א א DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=king|Ref=DAN_6:16!8|MId=o270060160083|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 15 דַּ֤ע יְדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 11 ccomp _ Gloss=know|Ref=DAN_6:16!9|MId=o270060160091|Strong=3046|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270060160101;A1:270060160221;|Type=imperative 16-17 מַלְכָּא֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 מַלְכּ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 dislocated _ Gloss=O|Ref=DAN_6:16!10|MId=o270060160101|Strong=4430|Lang=arc 17 ָא֙ א DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=king|Ref=DAN_6:16!10|MId=o270060160102|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 18 דִּֽי־ דִּי SCONJ _ _ 25 mark _ Gloss=(diy).that|Ref=DAN_6:16!11|MId=o270060160111|Strong=1768|Lang=arc|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 19 דָת֙ דָּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ Gloss=the.law|Ref=DAN_6:16!12|MId=o270060160121|Strong=1882|Lang=arc 20-21 לְמָדַ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=of.[the]|Ref=DAN_6:16!13|MId=o270060160131|Strong=3807b|Lang=arc 21 מָדַ֣י מָדַי PROPN _ _ 19 nmod _ Gloss=Medes|Ref=DAN_6:16!13|MId=o270060160132|Strong=4076|Lang=arc 22-23 וּפָרַ֔ס _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and.[the]|Ref=DAN_6:16!14|MId=o270060160141|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 23 פָרַ֔ס פָּרַס PROPN _ _ 21 conj _ Gloss=Persians|Ref=DAN_6:16!14|MId=o270060160142|Strong=6540|Lang=arc 24 דִּֽי־ דִּי SCONJ _ _ 25 mark _ Gloss=(diy).that|Ref=DAN_6:16!15|MId=o270060160151|Strong=1768|Lang=arc|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 25 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 acl:relcl _ Gloss=any|Ref=DAN_6:16!16|MId=o270060160161|Strong=3606|Lang=arc|SpaceAfter=No 26 אֱסָ֥ר אֱסָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=prohibition|Ref=DAN_6:16!17|MId=o270060160171|Strong=0633|Lang=arc 27-28 וּקְיָ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_6:16!18|MId=o270060160181|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 28 קְיָ֛ם קְיָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 conj _ Gloss=statute|Ref=DAN_6:16!18|MId=o270060160182|Strong=7010|Lang=arc 29 דִּֽי־ דִּי SCONJ _ _ 32 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=DAN_6:16!19|MId=o270060160191|Strong=1768|Lang=arc|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 30-31 מַלְכָּ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 מַלְכּ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 nsubj _ Gloss=the|Ref=DAN_6:16!20|MId=o270060160201|Strong=4430|Lang=arc 31 ָ֥א א DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=king|Ref=DAN_6:16!20|MId=o270060160202|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 32 יְהָקֵ֖ים קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HAPHEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 25 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.will.establish|Ref=DAN_6:16!21|MId=o270060160211|Strong=6966|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270060160201;A1:270060160171;270060160182;|Type=yiqtol 33 לָ֥א לָא ADV _ _ 25 parataxis _ Gloss=not|Ref=DAN_6:16!22|MId=o270060160221|Strong=3809|Lang=arc|Type=negative 34-35 לְהַשְׁנָיָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DAN_6:16!23|MId=o270060160231|Strong=3807b|Lang=arc 35 הַשְׁנָיָֽה שׁנה VERB _ HebBinyan=HAPHEL 33 advcl _ Gloss=change|Ref=DAN_6:16!23|MId=o270060160232|Strong=8133|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:;A1:270060160171;270060160182;|Type=infinitive_construct 36 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 35 punct _ Ref=DAN_6:16!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הַרְגִּשׁוּ *they came as a crowd* | qatal · haphel | גֻּבְרַיּ *the* | | | | | אָמְרִין *saying* | participle active · peal | גֻּבְרַיּ *the* | | | | | דַּע *know* | imperative · peal | מַלְכּ *O* | לָא *not* | | | | יְהָקֵים *he will establish* | yiqtol · haphel | מַלְכּ *the* | אֱסָר *prohibition* + קְיָם *statute* | | | | הַשְׁנָיָֽה *change* | infinitive construct · haphel | | אֱסָר *prohibition* + קְיָם *statute* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then these men came tumultuously unto the king, and said unto the king: 'Know, O king, that it is a law of the Medes and Persians, that no interdict nor statute which the king establisheth may be changed.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.192/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc-arc:DAN:158`. - ← previous: [Daniel 6:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.6.15/) - next →: [Daniel 6:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.6.17/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/6/)