--- title: Daniel 6:18 — And a stone was brought, and laid upon the mouth of the den; and the… · Aramaic, tree and pragmatics description: And a stone was brought, and laid upon the mouth of the den; and the king sealed it with his own signet, and with the signet of his lords; that nothing might be changed concerning Daniel. Who acts: king. Daniel 6:18 in Biblical Aramaic with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every c --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.6.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/6/) / 6:18 # Daniel 6:18 דָּנִיֵּאל **Who acts:** king · **What happens:** bring, lay, seal, change · **To what, where:** stone, mouth, nothing This is Daniel 6:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — king — and what happens in the verse to stone, mouth, nothing, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהֵיתָ֙יִת֙ אֶ֣בֶן חֲדָ֔ה וְשֻׂמַ֖ת עַל־פֻּ֣ם גֻּבָּ֑א וְחַתְמַ֨הּ מַלְכָּ֜א בְּעִזְקְתֵ֗הּ וּבְעִזְקָת֙ רַבְרְבָנ֔וֹהִי דִּ֛י לָא־תִשְׁנֵ֥א צְב֖וּ בְּדָנִיֵּֽאל׃ [And a stone was brought, and laid upon the mouth of the den; and the king sealed it with his own signet, and with the signet of his lords; that nothing might be changed concerning Daniel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.195/) ## The tree {#tree} This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc-arc:DAN:160 # text = וְהֵיתָ֙יִת֙ אֶ֣בֶן חֲדָ֔ה וְשֻׂמַ֖ת עַל־פֻּ֣ם גֻּבָּ֑א וְחַתְמַ֨הּ מַלְכָּ֜א בְּעִזְקְתֵ֗הּ וּבְעִזְקָת֙ רַבְרְבָנ֔וֹהִי דִּ֛י לָא־תִשְׁנֵ֥א צְב֖וּ בְּדָנִיֵּֽאל׃ # verse = DAN.6.18 1-2 וְהֵיתָ֙יִת֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_6:18!1|MId=o270060180011|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 2 הֵיתָ֙יִת֙ אֲתָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=HOPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was.brought|Ref=DAN_6:18!1|MId=o270060180012|Strong=0858|Lang=arc|Frame=A1:270060180021;|Type=qatal 3 אֶ֣בֶן אֶבֶן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=a.stone|Ref=DAN_6:18!2|MId=o270060180021|Strong=0069|Lang=arc 4 חֲדָ֔ה חַד NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 3 nummod _ Gloss=one|Ref=DAN_6:18!3|MId=o270060180031|Strong=2298|Lang=arc 5-6 וְשֻׂמַ֖ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_6:18!4|MId=o270060180041|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 6 שֻׂמַ֖ת שׂים VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PEIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.was.set|Ref=DAN_6:18!4|MId=o270060180042|Strong=7761|Lang=arc|Frame=A1:270060180021;|Type=qatal 7 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=DAN_6:18!5|MId=o270060180051|Strong=5922|Lang=arc|SpaceAfter=No 8 פֻּ֣ם פֻּם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=the.mouth|Ref=DAN_6:18!6|MId=o270060180061|Strong=6433|Lang=arc 9-10 גֻּבָּ֑א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 גֻּבּ גֹּב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=DAN_6:18!7|MId=o270060180071|Strong=1358|Lang=arc 10 ָ֑א א DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the.den|Ref=DAN_6:18!7|MId=o270060180072|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 11-13 וְחַתְמַ֨הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_6:18!8|MId=o270060180081|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 12 חַתְמ חֲתַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=DAN_6:18!8|MId=o270060180082|Strong=2857|Lang=arc|Frame=A1:270060180083;A0:270060180091;|Type=qatal 13 ַ֨הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obj _ Gloss=sealed.it|Ref=DAN_6:18!8|MId=o270060180083|Strong=1886i|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 14-15 מַלְכָּ֜א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 מַלְכּ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ Gloss=the|Ref=DAN_6:18!9|MId=o270060180091|Strong=4430|Lang=arc 15 ָ֜א א DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=king|Ref=DAN_6:18!9|MId=o270060180092|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 16-18 בְּעִזְקְתֵ֗הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DAN_6:18!10|MId=o270060180101|Strong=0871b|Lang=arc 17 עִזְקְת עִזְקָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=signet-ring|Ref=DAN_6:18!10|MId=o270060180102|Strong=5824|Lang=arc 18 ֵ֗הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=DAN_6:18!10|MId=o270060180103|Strong=1886h|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 19-21 וּבְעִזְקָת֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_6:18!11|MId=o270060180111|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 20 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DAN_6:18!11|MId=o270060180112|Strong=0871b|Lang=arc 21 עִזְקָת֙ עִזְקָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 conj _ Gloss=the.signet-rings|Ref=DAN_6:18!11|MId=o270060180113|Strong=5824|Lang=arc 22-23 רַבְרְבָנ֔וֹהִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 רַבְרְבָנ֔וֹ רַבְרְבָנִין NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=DAN_6:18!12|MId=o270060180121|Strong=7261|Lang=arc 23 הִי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his.nobles|Ref=DAN_6:18!12|MId=o270060180122|Strong=1958b|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 24 דִּ֛י דִּי SCONJ _ _ 26 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=DAN_6:18!13|MId=o270060180131|Strong=1768|Lang=arc 25 לָא־ לָא ADV _ _ 26 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=DAN_6:18!14|MId=o270060180141|Strong=3809|Lang=arc|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 26 תִשְׁנֵ֥א שׁנה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 12 parataxis _ Gloss=it.will.change|Ref=DAN_6:18!15|MId=o270060180151|Strong=8133|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270060180161;|Type=yiqtol 27 צְב֖וּ צְבוּ NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ Gloss=anything|Ref=DAN_6:18!16|MId=o270060180161|Strong=6640|Lang=arc 28-29 בְּדָנִיֵּֽאל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DAN_6:18!17|MId=o270060180171|Strong=0871b|Lang=arc 29 דָנִיֵּֽאל דָּנִיֵּאל PROPN _ _ 26 obl _ Gloss=Daniel|Ref=DAN_6:18!17|MId=o270060180172|Strong=1841|Lang=arc 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=DAN_6:18!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הֵיתָיִת *it was brought* | qatal · hophal | | אֶבֶן *a stone* | | | | שֻׂמַת *it was set* | qatal · peil | | אֶבֶן *a stone* | | | | חַתְמ *he* | qatal · peal | מַלְכּ *the* | ַהּ *sealed it* | | | | תִשְׁנֵא *it will change* | yiqtol · peal | צְבוּ *anything* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And a stone was brought, and laid upon the mouth of the den; and the king sealed it with his own signet, and with the signet of his lords; that nothing might be changed concerning Daniel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.195/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc-arc:DAN:160`. - ← previous: [Daniel 6:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.6.17/) - next →: [Daniel 6:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.6.19/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/6/)