--- title: Daniel 7:10 — A fiery stream issued and came forth from before him; thousand thous… · Aramaic, tree and pragmatics description: A fiery stream issued and came forth from before him; thousand thousands ministered unto him, and ten thousand times ten thousand stood before him; the judgment was set, and the books were opened. Who acts: fiery stream, thousand thousands, times thousand. Daniel 7:10 in Biblical Aramaic with its de --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.7.10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/7/) / 7:10 # Daniel 7:10 דָּנִיֵּאל **Who acts:** fiery stream, thousand thousands, times thousand · **What happens:** issue, come, minister, stand, set, open · **To what, where:** judgment, books This is Daniel 7:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — fiery stream, thousand thousands, times thousand — and what happens in the verse to judgment, books, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. נְהַ֣ר דִּי־נ֗וּר נָגֵ֤ד וְנָפֵק֙ מִן־קֳדָמ֔וֹהִי אֶ֤לֶף אַלְפִין֙ יְשַׁמְּשׁוּנֵּ֔הּ וְרִבּ֥וֹ רִבְבָ֖ן קָֽדָמ֣וֹהִי יְקוּמ֑וּן דִּינָ֥א יְתִ֖ב וְסִפְרִ֥ין פְּתִֽיחוּ׃ [A fiery stream issued and came forth from before him; thousand thousands ministered unto him, and ten thousand times ten thousand stood before him; the judgment was set, and the books were opened.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.217/) ## The tree {#tree} This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc-arc:DAN:181 # text = נְהַ֣ר דִּי־נ֗וּר נָגֵ֤ד וְנָפֵק֙ מִן־קֳדָמ֔וֹהִי אֶ֤לֶף אַלְפִין֙ יְשַׁמְּשׁוּנֵּ֔הּ וְרִבּ֥וֹ רִבְבָ֖ן קָֽדָמ֣וֹהִי יְקוּמ֑וּן דִּינָ֥א יְתִ֖ב וְסִפְרִ֥ין פְּתִֽיחוּ׃ # verse = DAN.7.10 1 נְהַ֣ר נְהַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ Gloss=a.river|Ref=DAN_7:10!1|MId=o270070100011|Strong=5103|Lang=arc 2 דִּי־ דִּי SCONJ _ _ 3 mark _ Gloss=(diy).of|Ref=DAN_7:10!2|MId=o270070100021|Strong=1768|Lang=arc|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 3 נ֗וּר נוּר NOUN _ Number=Sing 1 acl:relcl _ Gloss=fire|Ref=DAN_7:10!3|MId=o270070100031|Strong=5135|Lang=arc 4 נָגֵ֤ד נְגַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[was].flowing|Ref=DAN_7:10!4|MId=o270070100041|Strong=5047|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270070100011;|Type=participle_active 5-6 וְנָפֵק֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_7:10!5|MId=o270070100051|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 6 נָפֵק֙ נְפַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=coming.out|Ref=DAN_7:10!5|MId=o270070100052|Strong=5312|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270070100011;|Type=participle_active 7 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=DAN_7:10!6|MId=o270070100061|Strong=4481|Lang=arc|SpaceAfter=No 8-9 קֳדָמ֔וֹהִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 קֳדָמ֔וֹ קֳדָם ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=DAN_7:10!7|MId=o270070100071|Strong=6925|Lang=arc 9 הִי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=DAN_7:10!7|MId=o270070100072|Strong=1958b|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 10 אֶ֤לֶף אֲלַף NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ Gloss=a.thousand|Ref=DAN_7:10!8|MId=o270070100081|Strong=0506|Lang=arc|Type=cardinal_number 11 אַלְפִין֙ אֲלַף NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 flat _ Gloss=of.thousands|Ref=DAN_7:10!10|MId=o270070100101|Strong=0506|Lang=arc|Type=cardinal_number 12-13 יְשַׁמְּשׁוּנֵּ֔הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 יְשַׁמְּשׁוּנּ שְׁמַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PAEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 parataxis _ Gloss=they|Ref=DAN_7:10!11|MId=o270070100111|Strong=8120|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270070100081;270070100101;A1:270070100112;|Type=yiqtol 13 ֵ֔הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obj _ Gloss=were.ministering.to.him|Ref=DAN_7:10!11|MId=o270070100112|Strong=1886h|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 14-15 וְרִבּ֥וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_7:10!12|MId=o270070100121|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 15 רִבּ֥וֹ רִבּוֹ NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ Gloss=a.myriad|Ref=DAN_7:10!12|MId=o270070100122|Strong=7240|Lang=arc|Type=cardinal_number 16 רִבְבָ֖ן רִבּוֹ NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 15 flat _ Gloss=of.myriads|Ref=DAN_7:10!14|MId=o270070100141|Strong=7240|Lang=arc|Type=cardinal_number 17-18 קָֽדָמ֣וֹהִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 קָֽדָמ֣וֹ קֳדָם ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=DAN_7:10!15|MId=o270070100151|Strong=6925|Lang=arc 18 הִי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=DAN_7:10!15|MId=o270070100152|Strong=1958b|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 19 יְקוּמ֑וּן קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=they.were.standing|Ref=DAN_7:10!16|MId=o270070100161|Strong=6966|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270070100122;270070100141;|Type=yiqtol 20-21 דִּינָ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 דִּינ דִּין NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ Gloss=the|Ref=DAN_7:10!17|MId=o270070100171|Strong=1780|Lang=arc 21 ָ֥א א DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=court|Ref=DAN_7:10!17|MId=o270070100172|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 22 יְתִ֖ב יְתִב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 parataxis _ Gloss=it.sat|Ref=DAN_7:10!18|MId=o270070100181|Strong=3488|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:270070100171;|Type=qatal 23-24 וְסִפְרִ֥ין _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DAN_7:10!19|MId=o270070100191|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 24 סִפְרִ֥ין סְפַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 nsubj _ Gloss=books|Ref=DAN_7:10!19|MId=o270070100192|Strong=5609|Lang=arc 25 פְּתִֽיחוּ פְּתַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=they.were.opened|Ref=DAN_7:10!20|MId=o270070100201|Strong=6606|Lang=arc|Frame=A1:270070100192;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=DAN_7:10!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נָגֵד *\[was\] flowing* | participle active · peal | נְהַר *a river* | | | | | נָפֵק *coming out* | participle active · peal | נְהַר *a river* | | | | | יְשַׁמְּשׁוּנּ *they* | yiqtol · pael | אֶלֶף *a thousand* + אַלְפִין *of thousands* | ֵהּ *were ministering to him* | | | | יְקוּמוּן *they were standing* | yiqtol · peal | רִבּוֹ *a myriad* + רִבְבָן *of myriads* | | | | | יְתִב *it sat* | qatal · peal | דִּינ *the* | | | | | פְּתִֽיחוּ *they were opened* | qatal · peil | | סִפְרִין *books* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [A fiery stream issued and came forth from before him; thousand thousands ministered unto him, and ten thousand times ten thousand stood before him; the judgment was set, and the books were opened.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.217/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc-arc:DAN:181`. - ← previous: [Daniel 7:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.7.9/) - next →: [Daniel 7:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.7.11/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/7/)