--- title: Ecclesiastes 1:13 — And I applied my heart to seek and to search out by wisdom concernin… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And I applied my heart to seek and to search out by wisdom concerning all things that are done under heaven; it is a sore task that God hath given to the sons of men to be exercised therewith. Who acts: I, heart, God. Ecclesiastes 1:13 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.1.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ecclesiastes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC/1/) / 1:13 # Ecclesiastes 1:13 קֹהֶלֶת **Who acts:** I, heart, God · **What happens:** apply, seek, search out, do, be, give · **To what, where:** heart, things, heaven, sore task, sons This is Ecclesiastes 1:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, heart, God — and what happens in the verse to heart, things, heaven, sore task, sons, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Ecclesiastes on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְנָתַ֣תִּי אֶת־לִבִּ֗י לִדְר֤וֹשׁ וְלָתוּר֙ בַּֽחָכְמָ֔ה עַ֛ל כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר נַעֲשָׂ֖ה תַּ֣חַת הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם ה֣וּא ׀ עִנְיַ֣ן רָ֗ע נָתַ֧ן אֱלֹהִ֛ים לִבְנֵ֥י הָאָדָ֖ם לַעֲנ֥וֹת בּֽוֹ׃ [And I applied my heart to seek and to search out by wisdom concerning all things that are done under heaven; it is a sore task that God hath given to the sons of men to be exercised therewith.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.12/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ECC:12 # text = וְנָתַ֣תִּי אֶת־לִבִּ֗י לִדְר֤וֹשׁ וְלָתוּר֙ בַּֽחָכְמָ֔ה עַ֛ל כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר נַעֲשָׂ֖ה תַּ֣חַת הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם ה֣וּא ׀ עִנְיַ֣ן רָ֗ע נָתַ֧ן אֱלֹהִ֛ים לִבְנֵ֥י הָאָדָ֖ם לַעֲנ֥וֹת בּֽוֹ׃ # verse = ECC.1.13 1-2 וְנָתַ֣תִּי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ECC_1:13!1|MId=o210010130011|Strong=2050b 2 נָתַ֣תִּי נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.gave|Ref=ECC_1:13!1|MId=o210010130012|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:210010120021;A1:210010130031;|Type=qatal 3 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=ECC_1:13!2|MId=o210010130021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 4-5 לִבִּ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לִבּ לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=heart|Ref=ECC_1:13!3|MId=o210010130031|Strong=3820 5 ִ֗י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=ECC_1:13!3|MId=o210010130032|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 6-7 לִדְר֤וֹשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ECC_1:13!4|MId=o210010130041|Strong=3807a 7 דְר֤וֹשׁ דָּרַשׁ VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 xcomp _ Gloss=study|Ref=ECC_1:13!4|MId=o210010130042|Strong=1875|Frame=A0:210010120021;|Type=infinitive_construct 8-10 וְלָתוּר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ECC_1:13!5|MId=o210010130051|Strong=2050b 9 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ECC_1:13!5|MId=o210010130052|Strong=3807a 10 תוּר֙ תּוּר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 7 conj _ Gloss=discover|Ref=ECC_1:13!5|MId=o210010130053|Strong=8446|Frame=A0:210010120021;|Type=infinitive_construct 11-13 בַּֽחָכְמָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בַּֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=ECC_1:13!6|MId=o210010130061|Strong=0871a 12 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ECC_1:13!6|MId=o210010130061ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 חָכְמָ֔ה חׇכְמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=wisdom|Ref=ECC_1:13!6|MId=o210010130062|Strong=2451 14 עַ֛ל עַל ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=ECC_1:13!7|MId=o210010130071|Strong=5921 15 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=ECC_1:13!8|MId=o210010130081|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 16 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 17 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=ECC_1:13!9|MId=o210010130091|Strong=0834|Type=relative 17 נַעֲשָׂ֖ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 15 acl:relcl _ Gloss=it.has.been.done|Ref=ECC_1:13!10|MId=o210010130101|Strong=6213|Frame=A1:210010130081;|Type=qatal 18 תַּ֣חַת תַּחַת NOUN _ _ 17 obl _ Gloss=under|Ref=ECC_1:13!11|MId=o210010130111|Strong=8478 19-20 הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ECC_1:13!12|MId=o210010130121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 שָּׁמָ֑יִם שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=heavens|Ref=ECC_1:13!12|MId=o210010130122|Strong=8064 21 ה֣וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=ECC_1:13!13|MId=o210010130131|Strong=1931|Type=personal 22 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=ECC_1:13!13 23 עִנְיַ֣ן עִנְיָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=[is].a.business|Ref=ECC_1:13!14|MId=o210010130141|Strong=6045 24 רָ֗ע רַע ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.evil|Ref=ECC_1:13!15|MId=o210010130151|Strong=7451|Type=adjective 25 נָתַ֧ן נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 23 acl _ Gloss=[which].he.has.given|Ref=ECC_1:13!16|MId=o210010130161|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:210010130171;A1:210010130141;|Type=qatal 26 אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 nsubj _ Gloss=God|Ref=ECC_1:13!17|MId=o210010130171|Strong=0430 27-28 לִבְנֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ECC_1:13!18|MId=o210010130181|Strong=3807a 28 בְנֵ֥י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 obl _ Gloss=the.children|Ref=ECC_1:13!18|MId=o210010130182|Strong=1121 29-30 הָאָדָ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=ECC_1:13!19|MId=o210010130191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 אָדָ֖ם אָדָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 compound:smixut _ Gloss=humankind|Ref=ECC_1:13!19|MId=o210010130192|Strong=0120 31-32 לַעֲנ֥וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ECC_1:13!20|MId=o210010130201|Strong=3807a 32 עֲנ֥וֹת עָנָה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 25 xcomp _ Gloss=be.busy|Ref=ECC_1:13!20|MId=o210010130202|Strong=6031a|Frame=A0:210010130171;|Type=infinitive_construct 33-34 בּֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=ECC_1:13!21|MId=o210010130211|Strong=0871a 34 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=ECC_1:13!21|MId=o210010130212|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=ECC_1:13!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נָתַתִּי *I gave* | qatal · qal | | לִבּ *heart* | | | | דְרוֹשׁ *study* | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | תוּר *discover* | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | נַעֲשָׂה *it has been done* | qatal · niphal | | כָּל־ *all* | | | | נָתַן *\[which\] he has given* | qatal · qal | אֱלֹהִים *God* | עִנְיַן *\[is\] a business* | | | | עֲנוֹת *be busy* | infinitive construct · qal | אֱלֹהִים *God* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וּמְסָרִית יַת לִבִּי לְמִתְבַּע אוּלְפַן מִן קֳדָם יְיָ בִּזְמַן דְּאִתְגְּלֵי לִי בְּגִבְעוֹן לְאֲלָּלוּתִי וּלְמִשְׁאַל יָתִי מַה אֲנָא צָבֵי מִנֵּיה וַאֲנָא לָא תְּבָעִית מִנֵּיה אֱלָהֵין חוּכְמְתָא לְמִדַּע בֵּין טַב לְבִישׁ וְסוּכְלְתָנוּ עַל כָּל מַה דְּאִתְעֲבֵיד תְּחוֹת שִׁמְשָׁא בְּעַלְמָא הָדֵין וַחֲזַית כָּל עוֹבָדֵי בְּנֵי אֱנָשָׁא חַיָיבָא גַוָון בִּישׁ דִי יְהַב יְיָ לִבְנֵי אֱנָשָׁא לְאִסְתַּגָּפָא בֵּיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And I applied my heart to seek and to search out by wisdom concerning all things that are done under heaven; it is a sore task that God hath given to the sons of men to be exercised therewith.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.12/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ECC:12`. - ← previous: [Ecclesiastes 1:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.1.12/) - next →: [Ecclesiastes 1:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.1.14/) - ↑ back to [Ecclesiastes 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC/1/)