--- title: Ecclesiastes 10:20 — Curse not the king, no, not in thy thought, and curse not the rich i… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Curse not the king, no, not in thy thought, and curse not the rich in thy bedchamber; for a bird of the air shall carry the voice, and that which hath wings shall tell the matter. Who acts: you, bird, that, thy. Ecclesiastes 10:20 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the prag --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.10.20/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ecclesiastes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC/10/) / 10:20 # Ecclesiastes 10:20 קֹהֶלֶת **Who acts:** you, bird, that, thy · **What happens:** not curse, carry, have, tell, think · **To what, where:** king, thought, rich, bedchamber, voice, wings · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Ecclesiastes 10:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, bird, that, thy — and what happens in the verse to king, thought, rich, bedchamber, voice, wings, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Ecclesiastes on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. גַּ֣ם בְּמַדָּֽעֲךָ֗ מֶ֚לֶךְ אַל־תְּקַלֵּ֔ל וּבְחַדְרֵי֙ מִשְׁכָּ֣בְךָ֔ אַל־תְּקַלֵּ֖ל עָשִׁ֑יר כִּ֣י ע֤וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ יוֹלִ֣יךְ אֶת־הַקּ֔וֹל וּבַ֥עַל כְּנָפַ֖יִם יַגֵּ֥יד דָּבָֽר׃ [Curse not the king, no, not in thy thought, and curse not the rich in thy bedchamber; for a bird of the air shall carry the voice, and that which hath wings shall tell the matter.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.207/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ECC:197 # text = גַּ֣ם בְּמַדָּֽעֲךָ֗ מֶ֚לֶךְ אַל־תְּקַלֵּ֔ל וּבְחַדְרֵי֙ מִשְׁכָּ֣בְךָ֔ אַל־תְּקַלֵּ֖ל עָשִׁ֑יר כִּ֣י ע֤וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ יוֹלִ֣יךְ אֶת־הַקּ֔וֹל וּבַ֥עַל כְּנָפַ֖יִם יַגֵּ֥יד דָּבָֽר׃ # verse = ECC.10.20 1 גַּ֣ם גַּם ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=ECC_10:20!1|MId=o210100200011|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 2-4 בְּמַדָּֽעֲךָ֗ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=ECC_10:20!2|MId=o210100200021|Strong=0871a 3 מַדָּֽע מַדָּע NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=mind|Ref=ECC_10:20!2|MId=o210100200022|Strong=4093 4 ֲךָ֗ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=ECC_10:20!2|MId=o210100200023|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 5 מֶ֚לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obj _ Gloss=a.king|Ref=ECC_10:20!3|MId=o210100200031|Strong=4428 6 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 7 advmod _ Gloss=do.not|Ref=ECC_10:20!4|MId=o210100200041|Strong=0408|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 7 תְּקַלֵּ֔ל קָלַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=curse|Ref=ECC_10:20!5|MId=o210100200051|Strong=7043|Frame=A0:210120120031;A1:210100200031;|Type=jussive 8-10 וּבְחַדְרֵי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ECC_10:20!6|MId=o210100200061|Strong=2050b 9 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=ECC_10:20!6|MId=o210100200062|Strong=0871a 10 חַדְרֵי֙ חֶדֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 obl _ Gloss=the.chambers|Ref=ECC_10:20!6|MId=o210100200063|Strong=2315 11-12 מִשְׁכָּ֣בְךָ֔ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 מִשְׁכָּ֣ב מִשְׁכָּב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=your.lying.down|Ref=ECC_10:20!7|MId=o210100200071|Strong=4904 12 ְךָ֔ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=ECC_10:20!7|MId=o210100200072|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 13 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 14 advmod _ Gloss=do.not|Ref=ECC_10:20!8|MId=o210100200081|Strong=0408|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 14 תְּקַלֵּ֖ל קָלַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 7 conj _ Gloss=curse|Ref=ECC_10:20!9|MId=o210100200091|Strong=7043|Frame=A0:210120120031;A1:210100200101;|Type=jussive 15 עָשִׁ֑יר עָשִׁיר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obj _ Gloss=a.rich.[person]|Ref=ECC_10:20!10|MId=o210100200101|Strong=6223|Type=adjective 16 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 20 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=ECC_10:20!11|MId=o210100200111|Strong=3588 17 ע֤וֹף עוֹף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ Gloss=(the).bird|Ref=ECC_10:20!12|MId=o210100200121|Strong=5775 18-19 הַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=ECC_10:20!13|MId=o210100200131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 שָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.heavens|Ref=ECC_10:20!13|MId=o210100200132|Strong=8064 20 יוֹלִ֣יךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 advcl _ Gloss=it.will.carry|Ref=ECC_10:20!14|MId=o210100200141|Strong=1980|Frame=AA:210100200121;A0:210100200162;|Type=yiqtol 21 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=ECC_10:20!15|MId=o210100200151|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 22-23 הַקּ֔וֹל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ECC_10:20!16|MId=o210100200161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 קּ֔וֹל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 obj _ Gloss=sound|Ref=ECC_10:20!16|MId=o210100200162|Strong=6963 24-25 וּבַ֥עַל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ECC_10:20!17|MId=o210100200171|Strong=2050b 25 בַ֥עַל בַּעַל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ Gloss=an.owner|Ref=ECC_10:20!17|MId=o210100200172|Strong=1167 26 כְּנָפַ֖יִם כָּנָף NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Dual 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.wings|Ref=ECC_10:20!19|MId=o210100200191|Strong=3671 27 יַגֵּ֥יד נָגַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 conj _ Gloss=it.will.tell|Ref=ECC_10:20!20|MId=o210100200201|Strong=5046|Frame=AA:210100200172;A0:210100200211;|Type=yiqtol 28 דָּבָֽר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 obj _ Gloss=[the].matter|Ref=ECC_10:20!21|MId=o210100200211|Strong=1697|SpaceAfter=No 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=ECC_10:20!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** תְּקַלֵּל *curse* | jussive · piel | | מֶלֶךְ *a king* | | | | **not** תְּקַלֵּל *curse* | jussive · piel | | עָשִׁיר *a rich \[person\]* | | | | יוֹלִיךְ *it will carry* | yiqtol · hiphil | קּוֹל *sound* | | | עוֹף *(the) bird* | | יַגֵּיד *it will tell* | yiqtol · hiphil | דָּבָֽר *\[the\] matter* | | | בַעַל *an owner* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} אַף בְּמַנְדְּעָךְ בְּחֶבְיוֹנֵי לִבָּךְ מַלְכָּא לָא תְלוּט וּבְאִדְּרוֹן בֵּית מִשְׁכְּבָךְ לָא תְלוּט חַכִּימָא אֲרוּם רָזִיאֵל מַלְאֲכָא מַכְרֵיז בְּכָל יוֹמָא מִן שְׁמַיָּא עַל טוּרָא דְּחוֹרֵב וּמְהַלֵּיךְ קָלֵיהּ בְּכָל עָלְמָא וְאֵלִיָּהוּ כָּהֲנָא רַבָּא אָזִיל וּפְרַח בְּאַוִיר שְׁמַיָּא כְּנִשְׁרָא מָרֵי גַּפִּין וּמְחַוֵּי מִלִּין דְּמִתְעַבְדִין בְּטִמוּרְתָּא לְכָל דַיָירֵי אַרְעָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Curse not the king, no, not in thy thought, and curse not the rich in thy bedchamber; for a bird of the air shall carry the voice, and that which hath wings shall tell the matter.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.207/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ECC:197`. - ← previous: [Ecclesiastes 10:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.10.19/) - next →: [Ecclesiastes 11:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.11.1/) - ↑ back to [Ecclesiastes 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC/10/)