--- title: Ecclesiastes 2:19 — And who knoweth whether he will be a wise man or a fool? yet will he… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And who knoweth whether he will be a wise man or a fool? yet will he have rule over all my labour wherein I have laboured, and wherein I have shown myself wise under the sun. This also is vanity. Who acts: remembrance, I, This. Ecclesiastes 2:19 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 19 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.2.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ecclesiastes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC/2/) / 2:19 # Ecclesiastes 2:19 קֹהֶלֶת **Who acts:** remembrance, I, This · **What happens:** know, be, have, labour, show · **To what, where:** wise man, rule, labour, myself, vanity · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Ecclesiastes 2:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — remembrance, I, This — and what happens in the verse to wise man, rule, labour, myself, vanity, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Ecclesiastes on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּמִ֣י יוֹדֵ֗עַ הֶֽחָכָ֤ם יִהְיֶה֙ א֣וֹ סָכָ֔ל וְיִשְׁלַט֙ בְּכָל־עֲמָלִ֔י שֶֽׁעָמַ֥לְתִּי וְשֶׁחָכַ֖מְתִּי תַּ֣חַת הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ גַּם־זֶ֖ה הָֽבֶל׃ [And who knoweth whether he will be a wise man or a fool? yet will he have rule over all my labour wherein I have laboured, and wherein I have shown myself wise under the sun.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.38/) [This also is vanity.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.39/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ECC:36 # text = וּמִ֣י יוֹדֵ֗עַ הֶֽחָכָ֤ם יִהְיֶה֙ א֣וֹ סָכָ֔ל וְיִשְׁלַט֙ בְּכָל־עֲמָלִ֔י שֶֽׁעָמַ֥לְתִּי וְשֶׁחָכַ֖מְתִּי תַּ֣חַת הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ גַּם־זֶ֖ה הָֽבֶל׃ # verse = ECC.2.19 1-2 וּמִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ECC_2:19!1|MId=o210020190011|Strong=2050b 2 מִ֣י מִי PRON _ PronType=Int 3 nsubj _ Gloss=who?|Ref=ECC_2:19!1|MId=o210020190012|Strong=4310|Type=interrogative 3 יוֹדֵ֗עַ יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[is].knowing|Ref=ECC_2:19!2|MId=o210020190021|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:210020190012;A1:210020190041;|Type=participle_active 4-5 הֶֽחָכָ֤ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הֶֽ הֲ PART _ _ 5 advmod _ Gloss=a|Ref=ECC_2:19!3|MId=o210020190031|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 5 חָכָ֤ם חָכָם ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 ccomp _ Gloss=wise.[person]?|Ref=ECC_2:19!3|MId=o210020190032|Strong=2450|Type=adjective 6 יִהְיֶה֙ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 cop _ Gloss=will.he.be|Ref=ECC_2:19!4|MId=o210020190041|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:210020180113;|Type=yiqtol 7 א֣וֹ אוֹ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=or?|Ref=ECC_2:19!5|MId=o210020190051|Strong=0176 8 סָכָ֔ל סָכָל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=a.fool|Ref=ECC_2:19!6|MId=o210020190061|Strong=5530 9-10 וְיִשְׁלַט֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ECC_2:19!7|MId=o210020190071|Strong=2050b 10 יִשְׁלַט֙ שָׁלַט VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=he.will.have.power|Ref=ECC_2:19!7|MId=o210020190072|Strong=7980|Frame=A0:210020180113;|Type=yiqtol 11-12 בְּכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=ECC_2:19!8|MId=o210020190081|Strong=0871a 12 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=ECC_2:19!8|MId=o210020190082|Strong=3605 13-14 עֲמָלִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 עֲמָל עָמָל NOUN _ Number=Sing 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=toil|Ref=ECC_2:19!9|MId=o210020190091|Strong=5999 14 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=ECC_2:19!9|MId=o210020190092|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 15-16 שֶֽׁעָמַ֥לְתִּי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 שֶֽׁ שֶׁ SCONJ _ _ 16 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=ECC_2:19!10|MId=o210020190101|Strong=7578a|Type=relative 16 עָמַ֥לְתִּי עָמַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 12 acl:relcl _ Gloss=I.have.toiled|Ref=ECC_2:19!10|MId=o210020190102|Strong=5998|Frame=A0:210010120021;A1:210020190091;|Type=qatal 17-19 וְשֶׁחָכַ֖מְתִּי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ECC_2:19!11|MId=o210020190111|Strong=2050b 18 שֶׁ שֶׁ SCONJ _ _ 19 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=ECC_2:19!11|MId=o210020190112|Strong=7578a|Type=relative 19 חָכַ֖מְתִּי חָכַם VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 16 conj _ Gloss=I.have.been.wise|Ref=ECC_2:19!11|MId=o210020190113|Strong=2449|Frame=A0:210010120021;|Type=qatal 20 תַּ֣חַת תַּחַת NOUN _ _ 19 obl _ Gloss=under|Ref=ECC_2:19!12|MId=o210020190121|Strong=8478 21-22 הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ECC_2:19!13|MId=o210020190131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 שָּׁ֑מֶשׁ שֶׁמֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=sun|Ref=ECC_2:19!13|MId=o210020190132|Strong=8121 23 גַּם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 24 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=ECC_2:19!14|MId=o210020190141|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation|SpaceAfter=No 24 זֶ֖ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 25 nsubj _ Gloss=this|Ref=ECC_2:19!15|MId=o210020190151|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 25 הָֽבֶל הֶבֶל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 parataxis _ Gloss=[is].futility|Ref=ECC_2:19!16|MId=o210020190161|Strong=1892|SpaceAfter=No 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=ECC_2:19!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יוֹדֵעַ *\[is\] knowing* | participle active · qal | מִי *who?* | יִהְיֶה *will he be* | | | | יִהְיֶה *will he be* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | יִשְׁלַט *he will have power* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | עָמַלְתִּי *I have toiled* | qatal · qal | | עֲמָל *toil* | | | | חָכַמְתִּי *I have been wise* | qatal · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וּמַן יְדַּע הֶחַכִּים יְהֵא אוֹ טִפֵּשׁ מַלְכָּא דַּעֲתִיד לְמֶהֱוֵי בָּתְרַי וְיִשְׁלַט בְּכָל טַרְחוֹתִי דִי טְרָחִית בְּעַלְמָא הָדֵין וּבְכָל מַה דְּאַתְקֵנִית בְּחוּכְמְתִי תְּחוֹת שִׁמְשָׁא בְּעַלְמָא הָדֵין וְתָהִית בְּלִבִּי וְתָבִית לְמֵימַר אַף \[יַת\] דֵּין הֲבָלוּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And who knoweth whether he will be a wise man or a fool? yet will he have rule over all my labour wherein I have laboured, and wherein I have shown myself wise under the sun.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.38/) 2. [This also is vanity.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.39/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ECC:36`. - ← previous: [Ecclesiastes 2:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.2.18/) - next →: [Ecclesiastes 2:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.2.20/) - ↑ back to [Ecclesiastes 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC/2/)